{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T21:10:08Z","timestamp":1750367408524,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.86374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T20:56:02Z","timestamp":1750366562000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Surgical Management of an Intracranial Injury Caused by a Handcrafted Arrow in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Global Neurosurgical Relevance"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Allie L","family":"Heineman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Quinn","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Karas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Galler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Awuor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiren","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/9921985","article-title":"Penetrating head injury by a hit of rake in a child: a case report and literature review","volume":"2023","author":"Assoumane II","year":"2023","unstructured":"Assoumane II, Agada NK, Maman Sani R, K\u00e9lani A. Penetrating head injury by a hit of rake in a child: a case report and literature review. Case Rep Neurol Med. 2023, 2023:9921985. 10.1155\/2023\/9921985","journal-title":"Case Rep Neurol Med"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Penetrating head trauma","author":"Alao T","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alao T, Munakomi S, Waseem M. Penetrating head trauma. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL); 2025."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2020.07.049","article-title":"Transorbital-penetrating intracranial injury due to a homemade metal arrow: a case report","volume":"57","author":"Prasetyo E","year":"2020","unstructured":"Prasetyo E, Oley MC, Sumual V, Faruk M. Transorbital-penetrating intracranial injury due to a homemade metal arrow: a case report. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2020, 57:183-9. 10.1016\/j.amsu.2020.07.049","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg (Lond)"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02688697.2022.2159926","article-title":"Non-missile penetrating brain injury-surgical techniques for removing a long penetrating foreign body: a case report","volume":"39","author":"Tse MF","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tse MF, Huang SH, Tsai YH, Li CH. Non-missile penetrating brain injury-surgical techniques for removing a long penetrating foreign body: a case report. Br J Neurosurg. 2025, 39:266-9. 10.1080\/02688697.2022.2159926","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.11.125","article-title":"Nonmissile penetrating head injuries: surgical management and review of the literature","volume":"98","author":"Li XS","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li XS, Yan J, Liu C, Luo Y, Liao XS, Yu L, Xiao SW. Nonmissile penetrating head injuries: surgical management and review of the literature. World Neurosurg. 2017, 98:873.e9-873.e25. 10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.11.125","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.04.012","article-title":"Treatment of penetrating Nonmissile traumatic brain injury. Case series and review of the literature","volume":"91","author":"Zyck S","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zyck S, Toshkezi G, Krishnamurthy S, et al.. Treatment of penetrating Nonmissile traumatic brain injury. Case series and review of the literature. World Neurosurg. 2016, 91:297-307. 10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.04.012","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e31824cdc2b","article-title":"Management of an unusual craniofacial impalement injury by a metallic foreign body","volume":"23","author":"Kim SW","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim SW, Youn SK, Kim JT, Cho SH, Kim YH, Hwang KT. Management of an unusual craniofacial impalement injury by a metallic foreign body. J Craniofac Surg. 2012, 23:140-6. 10.1097\/SCS.0b013e31824cdc2b","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw861","article-title":"2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America\u2019s clinical practice guidelines for healthcare-associated ventriculitis and meningitis","volume":"64","author":"Tunkel AR","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tunkel AR, Hasbun R, Bhimraj A, et al.. 2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America\u2019s clinical practice guidelines for healthcare-associated ventriculitis and meningitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2017, 64:34-65. 10.1093\/cid\/ciw861","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2012.06.025","article-title":"Risk factors for intracranial infection secondary to penetrating craniocerebral gunshot wounds in civilian practice","volume":"79","author":"Jimenez CM","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jimenez CM, Polo J, Espa\u00f1a JA. Risk factors for intracranial infection secondary to penetrating craniocerebral gunshot wounds in civilian practice. World Neurosurg. 2013, 79:749-55. 10.1016\/j.wneu.2012.06.025","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-022-05432-2","article-title":"Antibiotic prophylaxis in penetrating traumatic brain injury: analysis of a single-center series and systematic review of the literature","volume":"165","author":"Ganga A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ganga A, Leary OP, Sastry RA, Asaad WF, Svokos KA, Oyelese AA, Mermel LA. Antibiotic prophylaxis in penetrating traumatic brain injury: analysis of a single-center series and systematic review of the literature. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2023, 165:303-13. 10.1007\/s00701-022-05432-2","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frhs.2024.1353788","article-title":"Incidence and predictors of postoperative complications in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Yadeta DA","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yadeta DA, Manyazewal T, Demessie DB, Kleive D. Incidence and predictors of postoperative complications in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Health Serv. 2024, 4:1353788. 10.3389\/frhs.2024.1353788","journal-title":"Front Health Serv"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.05.242","article-title":"Collaborative international neurosurgery education for Africa-the journey so far and the way forward","volume":"141","author":"Onyia CU","year":"2020","unstructured":"Onyia CU, Ojo OA. Collaborative international neurosurgery education for Africa-the journey so far and the way forward. World Neurosurg. 2020, 141:566-75. 10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.05.242","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000048","article-title":"Addressing Africa's outrageous neurosurgeons deficit: what could the problem be?","volume":"109","author":"Wireko AA","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wireko AA, Tenkorang PO, Ng JC, et al.. Addressing Africa's outrageous neurosurgeons deficit: what could the problem be?. Int J Surg. 2023, 109:1808-9. 10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000048","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Subregions in Africa by population (2025). (2025). Accessed. August 27, 2024: https:\/\/www.worldometers.info\/world-population\/population-by-africa-subregion\/."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.12.FOCUS19853","article-title":"The impact of African-trained neurosurgeons on sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"48","author":"Karekezi C","year":"2020","unstructured":"Karekezi C, El Khamlichi A, El Ouahabi A, et al.. The impact of African-trained neurosurgeons on sub-Saharan Africa. Neurosurg Focus. 2020, 48:4. 10.3171\/2019.12.FOCUS19853","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2024.05.119","article-title":"Operative epidemiology of the first five years in a new African neurosurgery training center: the experience in rural Kenya at Tenwek Hospital 2016 to 2021","volume":"188","author":"Daniel Bulenga N","year":"2024","unstructured":"Daniel Bulenga N, Miller A, Ojakapeli B, et al.. Operative epidemiology of the first five years in a new African neurosurgery training center: the experience in rural Kenya at Tenwek Hospital 2016 to 2021. World Neurosurg. 2024, 188:e376-81. 10.1016\/j.wneu.2024.05.119","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2024.08.015","article-title":"Navigating Challenges and embracing opportunities: the outlook of functional neurosurgery in Africa","volume":"192","author":"Alare K","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alare K, Abioye E, Jagunmolu H, et al.. Navigating Challenges and embracing opportunities: the outlook of functional neurosurgery in Africa. World Neurosurg. 2024, 192:151-61. 10.1016\/j.wneu.2024.08.015","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2024.05.168","article-title":"Academic neurosurgery in Nigeria- past, present, and future: a review","volume":"189","author":"Anand A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Anand A, Ajayi AO, Ansari A, et al.. Academic neurosurgery in Nigeria- past, present, and future: a review. World Neurosurg. 2024, 189:108-17. 10.1016\/j.wneu.2024.05.168","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"Penetrating arrow in the face: a case report","volume":"13","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez EC","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez EC. Penetrating arrow in the face: a case report. South Sudan Med J. 2020, 13:163-6.","journal-title":"South Sudan Med J"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.7750","article-title":"A hunting arrow traumatism to the head: a case report from Niger","volume":"11","author":"Ibrahim AI","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ibrahim AI, Murhega RB, Samuila S. A hunting arrow traumatism to the head: a case report from Niger. Clin Case Rep. 2023, 11:7750. 10.1002\/ccr3.7750","journal-title":"Clin Case Rep"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2022.107133","article-title":"Penetrating injury with an arrow impacted in the neck in rural Tanzania, a case report","volume":"94","author":"Ismail A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ismail A, Ismail N, Ali A, Mayoka R, Gingo W, Gebreegziabher F. Penetrating injury with an arrow impacted in the neck in rural Tanzania, a case report. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2022, 94:107133. 10.1016\/j.ijscr.2022.107133","journal-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076241253994","article-title":"Experiences of community health workers on adopting mHealth in rural Malawi: a qualitative study","volume":"10","author":"Kachimanga C","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kachimanga C, Mulwafu M, Ndambo MK, et al.. Experiences of community health workers on adopting mHealth in rural Malawi: a qualitative study. Digit Health. 2024, 10:20552076241253994. 10.1177\/20552076241253994","journal-title":"Digit Health"},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"Harnessing technology to bridge primary health care gaps in Africa. (2024). Accessed. May 2, 2025: https:\/\/newsroom.amref.org\/blog\/2024\/11\/harnessing-technology-to-bridge-primary-health-care-gaps-in-africa\/."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2013.0240","article-title":"A mobile phone-based, community health worker program for referral, follow-up, and service outreach in rural Zambia: outcomes and overview","volume":"20","author":"Schuttner L","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schuttner L, Sindano N, Theis M, et al.. A mobile phone-based, community health worker program for referral, follow-up, and service outreach in rural Zambia: outcomes and overview. Telemed J E Health. 2014, 20:721-8. 10.1089\/tmj.2013.0240","journal-title":"Telemed J E Health"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/353884-surgical-management-of-an-intracranial-injury-caused-by-a-handcrafted-arrow-in-sub-saharan-africa-a-global-neurosurgical-relevance","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T20:56:04Z","timestamp":1750366564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/353884-surgical-management-of-an-intracranial-injury-caused-by-a-handcrafted-arrow-in-sub-saharan-africa-a-global-neurosurgical-relevance"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]]},"references-count":24,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.86374","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]]}}}