{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T03:52:58Z","timestamp":1777521178788,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.86584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T12:28:23Z","timestamp":1750681703000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["In Vitro Evaluation of the Efficacy of 27 French Over-the-Counter Anti-lice Treatments"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Berthine","family":"Toubate","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aniss","family":"Louchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7oise","family":"Debierre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Morgenroth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-020-06847-5","article-title":"Pediculosis capitis among school-age students worldwide as an emerging public health concern: a systematic review and meta-analysis of past five decades","volume":"119","author":"Hatam-Nahavandi K","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hatam-Nahavandi K, Ahmadpour E, Pashazadeh F, et al.. Pediculosis capitis among school-age students worldwide as an emerging public health concern: a systematic review and meta-analysis of past five decades. Parasitol Res. 2020, 119:3125-43. 10.1007\/s00436-020-06847-5","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19712-2","article-title":"Prevalence and associated factors of head lice infestation among primary school children in low- and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Delie AM","year":"2024","unstructured":"Delie AM, Melese M, Limenh LW, et al.. Prevalence and associated factors of head lice infestation among primary school children in low- and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2024, 24:2181. 10.1186\/s12889-024-19712-2","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Resistance to organochlorine insecticides in head lice, and trials using alternative compounds","volume":"125","author":"Maunder JW","year":"1971","unstructured":"Maunder JW. Resistance to organochlorine insecticides in head lice, and trials using alternative compounds. Med Officer. 1971, 125:27-9.","journal-title":"Med Officer"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Current epidemiology of Pediculosis capitis","volume":"174","author":"Combescot C","year":"1990","unstructured":"Combescot C. Current epidemiology of Pediculosis capitis. Bull Acad Natl Med. 1990, 174:231-6.","journal-title":"Bull Acad Natl Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/35.5.814","article-title":"Laboratory studies of susceptibility and resistance to insecticides in Pediculus capitis (Anoplura; Pediculidae)","volume":"35","author":"Picollo MI","year":"1998","unstructured":"Picollo MI, Vassena CV, Casadio AA, Massimo J, Zerba EN. Laboratory studies of susceptibility and resistance to insecticides in Pediculus capitis (Anoplura; Pediculidae). J Med Entomol. 1998, 35:814-7. 10.1093\/jmedent\/35.5.814","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.138.2.220","article-title":"Comparative in vitro pediculicidal efficacy of treatments in a resistant head lice population in the United States","volume":"138","author":"Meinking TL","year":"2002","unstructured":"Meinking TL, Serrano L, Hard B, Entzel P, Lemard G, Rivera E, Villar ME. Comparative in vitro pediculicidal efficacy of treatments in a resistant head lice population in the United States. Arch Dermatol. 2002, 138:220-4. 10.1001\/archderm.138.2.220","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585-40.4.447","article-title":"Prevalence and levels of permethrin resistance in Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer (Anoplura: Pediculidae) from Buenos Aires, Argentina","volume":"40","author":"Vassena CV","year":"2003","unstructured":"Vassena CV, Mougabure Cueto G, Gonz\u00e1lez Audino P, Alzogaray RA, Zerba EN, Picollo MI. Prevalence and levels of permethrin resistance in Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer (Anoplura: Pediculidae) from Buenos Aires, Argentina. J Med Entomol. 2003, 40:447-50. 10.1603\/0022-2585-40.4.447","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/79.5.661","article-title":"Relationship of treatment-resistant head lice to the safety and efficacy of pediculicides","volume":"79","author":"Burkhart CG","year":"2004","unstructured":"Burkhart CG. Relationship of treatment-resistant head lice to the safety and efficacy of pediculicides. Mayo Clin Proc. 2004, 79:661-6. 10.4065\/79.5.661","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1007171","article-title":"Permethrin treatment of head lice with knockdown resistance-like gene","volume":"364","author":"Bialek R","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bialek R, Zelck UE, F\u00f6lster-Holst R. Permethrin treatment of head lice with knockdown resistance-like gene. N Engl J Med. 2011, 364:386-7. 10.1056\/NEJMc1007171","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Resistance of head lice Pediculus capitis L. 1758 to pyrethroi\u0308ds: d-phenothrin and permethrin in France","volume":"11","author":"Coz J","year":"1993","unstructured":"Coz J, Combescot-Lang C, Verdier V. Resistance of head lice Pediculus capitis L. 1758 to pyrethroi\u0308ds: d-phenothrin and permethrin in France. Bull Soc Fr Parasitol. 1993, 11:245-452.","journal-title":"Bull Soc Fr Parasitol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(94)92884-3","article-title":"Controlled study of malathion and d-phenothrin lotions for Pediculus humanus var capitis-infested schoolchildren","volume":"344","author":"Chosidow O","year":"1994","unstructured":"Chosidow O, Chastang C, Btue C, et al.. Controlled study of malathion and d-phenothrin lotions for Pediculus humanus var capitis-infested schoolchildren. Lancet. 1994, 344:1724-7. 10.1016\/s0140-6736(94)92884-3","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1995.tb00018.x","article-title":"Permethrin resistance in the head louse Pediculus capitis from Israel","volume":"9","author":"Mumcuoglu KY","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mumcuoglu KY, Hemingway J, Miller J, Ioffe-Uspensky I, Klaus S, Ben-Ishai F, Galun R. Permethrin resistance in the head louse Pediculus capitis from Israel. Med Vet Entomol. 1995, 9:427-32, 447. 10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1995.tb00018.x","journal-title":"Med Vet Entomol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1999.03046.x","article-title":"Evidence for double resistance to permethrin and malathion in head lice","volume":"141","author":"Downs AM","year":"1999","unstructured":"Downs AM, Stafford KA, Harvey I, Coles GC. Evidence for double resistance to permethrin and malathion in head lice. Br J Dermatol. 1999, 141:508-11. 10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1999.03046.x","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.45.1.371","article-title":"Insecticide resistance in insect vectors of human disease","volume":"45","author":"Hemingway J","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hemingway J, Ranson H. Insecticide resistance in insect vectors of human disease. Annu Rev Entomol. 2000, 45:371-91. 10.1146\/annurev.ento.45.1.371","journal-title":"Annu Rev Entomol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38497.506481.8F","article-title":"Treatment of head louse infestation with 4% dimeticone lotion: randomised controlled equivalence trial","volume":"330","author":"Burgess IF","year":"2005","unstructured":"Burgess IF, Brown CM, Lee PN. Treatment of head louse infestation with 4% dimeticone lotion: randomised controlled equivalence trial. BMJ. 2005, 330:1423. 10.1136\/bmj.38497.506481.8F","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/033.046.0110","article-title":"Prevalence of kdr-like mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in human head louse populations in Japan","volume":"46","author":"Kasai S","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kasai S, Ishii N, Natsuaki M, Fukutomi H, Komagata O, Kobayashi M, Tomita T. Prevalence of kdr-like mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in human head louse populations in Japan. J Med Entomol. 2009, 46:77-82. 10.1603\/033.046.0110","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1200107","article-title":"Topical 0.5% ivermectin lotion for treatment of head lice","volume":"367","author":"Pariser DM","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pariser DM, Meinking TL, Bell M, Ryan WG. Topical 0.5% ivermectin lotion for treatment of head lice. N Engl J Med. 2012, 367:1687-93. 10.1056\/NEJMoa1200107","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.04.011","article-title":"Permethrin and malathion resistance in head lice: results of ex vivo and molecular assays","volume":"67","author":"Bouvresse S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bouvresse S, Berdjane Z, Durand R, Bouscaillou J, Izri A, Chosidow O. Permethrin and malathion resistance in head lice: results of ex vivo and molecular assays. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012, 67:1143-50. 10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.04.011","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2021083","article-title":"Frequency of pyrethroid resistance in human head louse treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Mohammadi J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mohammadi J, Azizi K, Alipour H, et al.. Frequency of pyrethroid resistance in human head louse treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis. Parasite. 2021, 28:86. 10.1051\/parasite\/2021083","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.15096","article-title":"International recommendations for an effective control of head louse infestations","volume":"60","author":"Mumcuoglu KY","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mumcuoglu KY, Pollack RJ, Reed DL, et al.. International recommendations for an effective control of head louse infestations. Int J Dermatol. 2021, 60:272-80. 10.1111\/ijd.15096","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"Analyse de la taille et de la part du march\u00e9 du traitement des poux - Tendances de croissance et pr\u00e9visions (2024-2029). (2024). Accessed. May 06, 2025: https:\/\/www.mordorintelligence.com\/fr\/industry-reports\/lice-treatment-market."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1996.tb00079.x","article-title":"Characterization of body louse midgut proteins recognized by resistant hosts","volume":"10","author":"Ochanda JO","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ochanda JO, Mumcuoglu KY, Ben-Yakir D, Okuru JK, Oduol VO, Galun R. Characterization of body louse midgut proteins recognized by resistant hosts. Med Vet Entomol. 1996, 10:35-8. 10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1996.tb00079.x","journal-title":"Med Vet Entomol"},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"D\u00e9mographie des Pharmaciens - Panorama 2022. (2023). Accessed. May 18, 2025: https:\/\/www.ordre.pharmacien.fr\/les-communications\/focus-sur\/les-actualites\/demographie-des-pharmaciens-2022-principa...."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2494.2009.00558.x","article-title":"Treatment of human head lice infestations in a single application with a new galenic lotion","volume":"32","author":"Milit\u00e3o de Sousa F","year":"2010","unstructured":"Milit\u00e3o de Sousa F, Vasconcelos AW, de Nadon J, Duhot PY. Treatment of human head lice infestations in a single application with a new galenic lotion. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2010, 32:369-75. 10.1111\/j.1468-2494.2009.00558.x","journal-title":"Int J Cosmet Sci"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-5945-9-12","article-title":"A new two-phase dimeticone pediculicide shows high efficacy in a comparative bioassay","volume":"9","author":"Heukelbach J","year":"2009","unstructured":"Heukelbach J, Asenov A, Liesenfeld O, Mirmohammadsadegh A, Oliveira FA. A new two-phase dimeticone pediculicide shows high efficacy in a comparative bioassay. BMC Dermatol. 2009, 9:12. 10.1186\/1471-5945-9-12","journal-title":"BMC Dermatol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-4-15","article-title":"Dimeticone 4% liquid gel found to kill all lice and eggs with a single 15 minute application","volume":"4","author":"Burgess IF","year":"2011","unstructured":"Burgess IF, Burgess NA. Dimeticone 4% liquid gel found to kill all lice and eggs with a single 15 minute application. BMC Res Notes. 2011, 4:15. 10.1186\/1756-0500-4-15","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12895-019-0093-5","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of three pediculicides to treat head lice infestation in primary school girls: a randomised controlled assessor blind trial in rural Iran","volume":"19","author":"Kalari H","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kalari H, Soltani A, Azizi K, Faramarzi H, Moemenbellah-Fard MD. Comparative efficacy of three pediculicides to treat head lice infestation in primary school girls: a randomised controlled assessor blind trial in rural Iran. BMC Dermatol. 2019, 19:13. 10.1186\/s12895-019-0093-5","journal-title":"BMC Dermatol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cosmetics7020025","article-title":"Treatment of head louse infestation with a novel mixture of semi-crystalline polymers and plant extracts: a blinded, randomized, controlled superiority trial","volume":"7","author":"Cardoso J","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cardoso J, Coelho de Souza A, Milita\u0303o de Souza F, Sa Preire S, Pinc\u0327on C. Treatment of head louse infestation with a novel mixture of semi-crystalline polymers and plant extracts: a blinded, randomized, controlled superiority trial. Cosmetics. 2020, 7:25. 10.3390\/cosmetics7020025","journal-title":"Cosmetics"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10600280211027968","article-title":"Abametapir for the treatment of head lice: a drug review","volume":"56","author":"Woods AD","year":"2022","unstructured":"Woods AD, Porter CL, Feldman SR. Abametapir for the treatment of head lice: a drug review. Ann Pharmacother. 2022, 56:352-7. 10.1177\/10600280211027968","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-021-07113-y","article-title":"Effectiveness and tolerability of a squalane and dimethicone-based treatment for head lice","volume":"120","author":"Mart\u00ednez de Murgu\u00eda Fern\u00e1ndez L","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez de Murgu\u00eda Fern\u00e1ndez L, Puig Algora G, Bajona Roig M, Bacchini G. Effectiveness and tolerability of a squalane and dimethicone-based treatment for head lice. Parasitol Res. 2021, 120:1883-90. 10.1007\/s00436-021-07113-y","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-017-5461-7","article-title":"Randomized, investigator-blinded, controlled clinical study with lice shampoo (Licener\u00ae) versus dimethicone (Jacutin\u00ae Pedicul Fluid) for the treatment of infestations with head lice","volume":"116","author":"Semmler M","year":"2017","unstructured":"Semmler M, Abdel-Ghaffar F, Gestmann F, et al.. Randomized, investigator-blinded, controlled clinical study with lice shampoo (Licener\u00ae) versus dimethicone (Jacutin\u00ae Pedicul Fluid) for the treatment of infestations with head lice. Parasitol Res. 2017, 116:1863-70. 10.1007\/s00436-017-5461-7","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"The efficacy of pediculicides in Israel","volume":"27","author":"Mumcuoglu KY","year":"1991","unstructured":"Mumcuoglu KY, Miller J. The efficacy of pediculicides in Israel. Isr Med Sci. 1991, 27:562-5.","journal-title":"Isr Med Sci"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-015-4363-9","article-title":"Ex vivo effectiveness of French over-the-counter products against head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer, 1778)","volume":"114","author":"Combescot-Lang C","year":"2015","unstructured":"Combescot-Lang C, Vander Stichele RH, Toubate B, Veirron E, Mumcuoglu KY. Ex vivo effectiveness of French over-the-counter products against head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer, 1778). Parasitol Res. 2015, 114:1779-92. 10.1007\/s00436-015-4363-9","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-009-1680-x","article-title":"Comparative in vitro tests on the efficacy and safety of 13 anti-head-lice products","volume":"106","author":"Abdel-Ghaffar F","year":"2010","unstructured":"Abdel-Ghaffar F, Semmler M, Al-Rasheid K, Klimpel S, Mehlhorn H. Comparative in vitro tests on the efficacy and safety of 13 anti-head-lice products. Parasitol Res. 2010, 106:423-9. 10.1007\/s00436-009-1680-x","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of treatments for pediculosis capitis infestations: update 2000","volume":"137","author":"Meinking TL","year":"2001","unstructured":"Meinking TL, Entzel P, Villar ME, Vicaria M, Lemard GA, Porcelain SL. Comparative efficacy of treatments for pediculosis capitis infestations: update 2000. Arch Dermatol. 2001, 137:287-92.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"Pediculosis: Comparative Analysis of Pediculicidal Treatments and Marketing Claims of Pharmaceutical Laboratories, With a Proposal for a \"Practical\" Sheet for Optimal Pharmaceutical Advice","author":"Morieux A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Morieux A. Pediculosis: Comparative Analysis of Pediculicidal Treatments and Marketing Claims of Pharmaceutical Laboratories, With a Proposal for a \"Practical\" Sheet for Optimal Pharmaceutical Advice. Morgenroth T (ed): University of Lille, Lille, France; 2018."},{"key":"ref37","unstructured":"Commission Regulation (EU) 2018\/35 of 10 January 2018 amending Annex XVII to Regulation (EC) No 1907\/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) as regards octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (\u2018D4\u2019) and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (\u2018D5\u2019) (Text with EEA relevance.). (2018). Accessed. May 18, 2025: https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2018.006.01.0045.01.ENG&amp;toc=OJ:L:2018:006:TOC."},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"Ataman chemicals - cyclopentasiloxane. (2024). Accessed. May 18, 2025: https:\/\/www.atamanchemicals.com\/cyclopentasiloxane_u24605\/?lang=FR#:~:text=Le%20cyclopentasiloxane%20est%20en%20effet...."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2006.11.011","article-title":"A two-generation reproductive toxicity study of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) in rats exposed by whole-body vapor inhalation","volume":"23","author":"Siddiqui WH","year":"2007","unstructured":"Siddiqui WH, Stump DG, Plotzke KP, Holson JF, Meeks RG. A two-generation reproductive toxicity study of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) in rats exposed by whole-body vapor inhalation. Reprod Toxicol. 2007, 23:202-15. 10.1016\/j.reprotox.2006.11.011","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38537.468623.E0","article-title":"Single blind, randomised, comparative study of the Bug Buster kit and over the counter pediculicide treatments against head lice in the United Kingdom","volume":"331","author":"Hill N","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hill N, Moor G, Cameron MM, Butlin A, Preston S, Williamson MS, Bass C. Single blind, randomised, comparative study of the Bug Buster kit and over the counter pediculicide treatments against head lice in the United Kingdom. BMJ. 2005, 331:384-7. 10.1136\/bmj.38537.468623.E0","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref41","unstructured":"Order of November 30, 2018 concerning classification on the lists of poisonous substances. (2018). https.\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000037738042."}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/369803-in-vitro-evaluation-of-the-efficacy-of-27-french-over-the-counter-anti-lice-treatments","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T12:28:25Z","timestamp":1750681705000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/369803-in-vitro-evaluation-of-the-efficacy-of-27-french-over-the-counter-anti-lice-treatments"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]]},"references-count":41,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.86584","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]]}}}