{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T17:05:51Z","timestamp":1754154351413,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.88636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T06:22:22Z","timestamp":1753338142000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["MRI-Derived Fat Fraction Is Superior to Ultrasonography in Predicting Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Metabolically Healthy Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Sunil","family":"Bhawariya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arshia","family":"Bhardwaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arshdeep","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Riya","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajiv","family":"Kapoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashutosh","family":"Bawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liza","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gopal","family":"Bhardwaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7570\/jomes23052","article-title":"Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): a state-of-the-art review","volume":"32","author":"Chan WK","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chan WK, Chuah KH, Rajaram RB, Lim LL, Ratnasingam J, Vethakkan SR. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): a state-of-the-art review. J Obes Metab Syndr. 2023, 32:197-213. 10.7570\/jomes23052","journal-title":"J Obes Metab Syndr"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2021.11.010","article-title":"Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Shalimar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shalimar, Elhence A, Bansal B, Gupta H, Anand A, Singh TP, Goel A. Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2022, 12:818-29. 10.1016\/j.jceh.2021.11.010","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Hepatol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aohep.2025.101898","article-title":"Global burden and future trends of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: 1990-2021 to 2045","volume":"30","author":"Kan C","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kan C, Zhang K, Wang Y, et al.. Global burden and future trends of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: 1990-2021 to 2045. Ann Hepatol. 2025, 30:101898. 10.1016\/j.aohep.2025.101898","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2024.103043","article-title":"Global Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: An Updated Review Meta-Analysis comprising a Population of 78 million from 38 Countries","volume":"55","author":"Amini-Salehi E","year":"2024","unstructured":"Amini-Salehi E, Letafatkar N, Norouzi N, et al.. Global Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: An Updated Review Meta-Analysis comprising a Population of 78 million from 38 Countries. Arch Med Res. 2024, 55:103043. 10.1016\/j.arcmed.2024.103043","journal-title":"Arch Med Res"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2023.155642","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and associated mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes, pre-diabetes, metabolically unhealthy, and metabolically healthy individuals in the United States","volume":"146","author":"Golabi P","year":"2023","unstructured":"Golabi P, Paik JM, Kumar A, et al.. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and associated mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes, pre-diabetes, metabolically unhealthy, and metabolically healthy individuals in the United States. Metabolism. 2023, 146:155642. 10.1016\/j.metabol.2023.155642","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2022.101896","article-title":"The impact of metabolic health on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A single center experience","volume":"46","author":"Boulouta A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Boulouta A, Aggeletopoulou I, Kanaloupitis S, et al.. The impact of metabolic health on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A single center experience. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2022, 46:101896. 10.1016\/j.clinre.2022.101896","journal-title":"Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATV.0000000000000153","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"42","author":"Duell PB","year":"2022","unstructured":"Duell PB, Welty FK, Miller M, et al.. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2022, 42:e168-85. 10.1161\/ATV.0000000000000153","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-018-0762-4","article-title":"Association between insulin resistance and the development of cardiovascular disease","volume":"17","author":"Ormazabal V","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ormazabal V, Nair S, Elfeky O, Aguayo C, Salomon C, Zu\u00f1iga FA. Association between insulin resistance and the development of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2018, 17:122. 10.1186\/s12933-018-0762-4","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14218\/JCTH.2019.00028","article-title":"Pathogenesis of insulin resistance and atherogenic dyslipidemia in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"7","author":"Akhtar DH","year":"2019","unstructured":"Akhtar DH, Iqbal U, Vazquez-Montesino LM, Dennis BB, Ahmed A. Pathogenesis of insulin resistance and atherogenic dyslipidemia in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Transl Hepatol. 2019, 7:362-70. 10.14218\/JCTH.2019.00028","journal-title":"J Clin Transl Hepatol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo15030149","article-title":"Cardiovascular manifestations of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"15","author":"P\u0103dureanu V","year":"2025","unstructured":"P\u0103dureanu V, For\u021bofoiu MC, P\u00eer\u0219coveanu M, P\u0103dureanu R, R\u0103dulescu D, Donoiu I, P\u00eer\u0219coveanu DF. Cardiovascular manifestations of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Metabolites. 2025, 15:10.3390\/metabo15030149","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02434-5","article-title":"Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and cardiovascular risk: a comprehensive review","volume":"23","author":"Zheng H","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zheng H, Sechi LA, Navarese EP, Casu G, Vidili G. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and cardiovascular risk: a comprehensive review. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2024, 23:346. 10.1186\/s12933-024-02434-5","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.1554","article-title":"Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and carotid media-intima thickness: a systematic review and a meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Khoshbaten M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Khoshbaten M, Maleki SH, Hadad S, Baral A, Rocha AV, Poudel L, Abdshah A. Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and carotid media-intima thickness: a systematic review and a meta-analysis. Health Sci Rep. 2023, 6:e1554. 10.1002\/hsr2.1554","journal-title":"Health Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29797","article-title":"Noninvasive, quantitative assessment of liver fat by MRI-PDFF as an endpoint in NASH trials","volume":"68","author":"Caussy C","year":"2018","unstructured":"Caussy C, Reeder SB, Sirlin CB, Loomba R. Noninvasive, quantitative assessment of liver fat by MRI-PDFF as an endpoint in NASH trials. Hepatology. 2018, 68:763-72. 10.1002\/hep.29797","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.04.014","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction associates with progression of fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"155","author":"Ajmera V","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ajmera V, Park CC, Caussy C, et al.. Magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction associates with progression of fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology. 2018, 155:307-310.e2. 10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.04.014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01520.x","article-title":"Abdominal ultrasound for diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)","volume":"102","author":"Mishra P","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mishra P, Younossi ZM. Abdominal ultrasound for diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Am J Gastroenterol. 2007, 102:2716-7. 10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01520.x","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23020786","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome: updates on pathophysiology and management in 2021","volume":"23","author":"Fahed G","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fahed G, Aoun L, Bou Zerdan M, Allam S, Bou Zerdan M, Bouferraa Y, Assi HI. Metabolic syndrome: updates on pathophysiology and management in 2021. Int J Mol Sci. 2022, 23:10.3390\/ijms23020786","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.06.005","article-title":"Agreement between magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction measurements and pathologist-assigned steatosis grades of liver biopsies from adults with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"153","author":"Middleton MS","year":"2017","unstructured":"Middleton MS, Heba ER, Hooker CA, et al.. Agreement between magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction measurements and pathologist-assigned steatosis grades of liver biopsies from adults with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Gastroenterology. 2017, 153:753-61. 10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.06.005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12120896","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: MR imaging of liver proton density fat fraction to assess hepatic steatosis","volume":"267","author":"Tang A","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tang A, Tan J, Sun M, et al.. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: MR imaging of liver proton density fat fraction to assess hepatic steatosis. Radiology. 2013, 267:422-31. 10.1148\/radiol.12120896","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.02683","article-title":"Common carotid intima-media thickness measurements do not improve cardiovascular risk prediction in individuals with elevated blood pressure: the USE-IMT collaboration","volume":"63","author":"Bots ML","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bots ML, Groenewegen KA, Anderson TJ, et al.. Common carotid intima-media thickness measurements do not improve cardiovascular risk prediction in individuals with elevated blood pressure: the USE-IMT collaboration. Hypertension. 2014, 63:1173-81. 10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.02683","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpae008","article-title":"Carotid intima-media thickness and improved stroke risk assessment in hypertensive Black adults","volume":"37","author":"Abe TA","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abe TA, Olanipekun T, Yan F, et al.. Carotid intima-media thickness and improved stroke risk assessment in hypertensive Black adults. Am J Hypertens. 2024, 37:290-7. 10.1093\/ajh\/hpae008","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2022.07.175","article-title":"Relationship between CIMT and liver fibrosis in subjects with NAFLD","volume":"12","author":"Gupta A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gupta A, Dixit VK, Kumar V, Tiwari A, Yadav DP, Shukla SK. Relationship between CIMT and liver fibrosis in subjects with NAFLD. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2022, 12:71. 10.1016\/j.jceh.2022.07.175","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Hepatol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1120581","article-title":"Nonlinear correlation between fatty liver index and carotid intima media thickness among individuals undergoing health examination","volume":"14","author":"Zhou Y","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Duan S, Wang R, Chen J, Yao S. Nonlinear correlation between fatty liver index and carotid intima media thickness among individuals undergoing health examination. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023, 14:1120581. 10.3389\/fendo.2023.1120581","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2014.09.020","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a precursor of the metabolic syndrome","volume":"47","author":"Lonardo A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lonardo A, Ballestri S, Marchesini G, Angulo P, Loria P. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a precursor of the metabolic syndrome. Dig Liver Dis. 2015, 47:181-90. 10.1016\/j.dld.2014.09.020","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.09.022","article-title":"Bi-directional analysis between fatty liver and cardiovascular disease risk factors","volume":"66","author":"Ma J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ma J, Hwang SJ, Pedley A, et al.. Bi-directional analysis between fatty liver and cardiovascular disease risk factors. J Hepatol. 2017, 66:390-7. 10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.09.022","journal-title":"J Hepatol"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/389680-mri-derived-fat-fraction-is-superior-to-ultrasonography-in-predicting-subclinical-atherosclerosis-in-metabolically-healthy-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T06:22:23Z","timestamp":1753338143000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/389680-mri-derived-fat-fraction-is-superior-to-ultrasonography-in-predicting-subclinical-atherosclerosis-in-metabolically-healthy-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]]},"references-count":24,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.88636","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2168-8184"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]]}}}