{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T14:38:12Z","timestamp":1784558292755,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.88795","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]],"date-time":"2025-07-26T10:30:09Z","timestamp":1753525809000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Neuropsychiatric and Associated Symptoms and Their Management in Caregivers of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Aiman A","family":"Sanosi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar A","family":"Ayoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed I","family":"Habadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihad A","family":"Muglan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-019-0333-5","article-title":"The neuropathological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"14","author":"DeTure MA","year":"2019","unstructured":"DeTure MA, Dickson DW. The neuropathological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener. 2019, 14:32. 10.1186\/s13024-019-0333-5","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-019-0063-8","article-title":"History and progress of hypotheses and clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease","volume":"4","author":"Liu PP","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu PP, Xie Y, Meng XY, Kang JS. History and progress of hypotheses and clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2019, 4:29. 10.1038\/s41392-019-0063-8","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.937486","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, 1990-2019","volume":"14","author":"Li X","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li X, Feng X, Sun X, Hou N, Han F, Liu Y. Global, regional, and national burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, 1990-2019. Front Aging Neurosci. 2022, 14:937486. 10.3389\/fnagi.2022.937486","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2024.1487875","article-title":"The neural basis of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"16","author":"Zhang NK","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang NK, Zhang SK, Zhang LI, Tao HW, Zhang GW. The neural basis of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci. 2024, 16:1487875. 10.3389\/fnagi.2024.1487875","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2019.01.010","article-title":"2019 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures. Alzheimer's dementia","volume":"15","author":"Alzheimer's Association","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alzheimer's Association. 2019 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures. Alzheimer's dementia. JAD. 2019, 15:321-387. 10.1016\/j.jalz.2019.01.010","journal-title":"JAD"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0227857","article-title":"Staging dementia based on caregiver reported patient symptoms: Implications from a latent class analysis","volume":"15","author":"Yuan Q","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yuan Q, Tan TH, Wang P, et al.. Staging dementia based on caregiver reported patient symptoms: Implications from a latent class analysis. PLoS One. 2020, 15:e0227857. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0227857","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52965\/001c.37454","article-title":"Impact of Alzheimer's Disease on Caregivers in the United States","volume":"10","author":"Vu M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vu M, Mangal R, Stead T, Lopez-Ortiz C, Ganti L. Impact of Alzheimer's Disease on Caregivers in the United States. Health Psychol Res. 2022, 10:37454. 10.52965\/001c.37454","journal-title":"Health Psychol Res"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0118749445327572240916091208","article-title":"Exploring caregiver burden in alzheimer's disease: the predictive role of psychological distress","volume":"17","author":"Ameri F","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ameri F, Rahmani H, Mirhosseini S, Basirinezhad MH, Saeedi M, Ebrahimi H. Exploring caregiver burden in alzheimer's disease: the predictive role of psychological distress. Open Public Health J. 2024, 17:10.2174\/0118749445327572240916091208","journal-title":"Open Public Health J"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2017.06.003","article-title":"Impact of Alzheimer disease patients' sleep disturbances on their caregivers","volume":"39","author":"Gehrman P","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gehrman P, Gooneratne NS, Brewster GS, Richards KC, Karlawish J. Impact of Alzheimer disease patients' sleep disturbances on their caregivers. Geriatr Nurs. 2018, 39:60-5. 10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2017.06.003","journal-title":"Geriatr Nurs"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/135910710X504932","article-title":"The relationship between self-efficacy and resting blood pressure in spousal Alzheimer's caregivers","volume":"16","author":"Harmell AL","year":"2011","unstructured":"Harmell AL, Mausbach BT, Roepke SK, et al.. The relationship between self-efficacy and resting blood pressure in spousal Alzheimer's caregivers. Br J Health Psychol. 2011, 16:317-28. 10.1348\/135910710X504932","journal-title":"Br J Health Psychol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13071096","article-title":"Potential neuroprotective effects of dietary omega-3 fatty acids on stress in alzheimer's disease","volume":"13","author":"Hartnett KB","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hartnett KB, Ferguson BJ, Hecht PM, et al.. Potential neuroprotective effects of dietary omega-3 fatty acids on stress in alzheimer's disease. Biomolecules. 2023, 13:10.3390\/biom13071096","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.73390","article-title":"The role of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in slowing cognitive decline among elderly patients with alzheimer's disease: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"16","author":"Deshmukh GV","year":"2024","unstructured":"Deshmukh GV, Niaz H, Bai R, et al.. The role of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in slowing cognitive decline among elderly patients with alzheimer's disease: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Cureus. 2024, 16:e73390. 10.7759\/cureus.73390","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15010132","article-title":"Vitamin D, folic acid and vitamin B(12) can reverse vitamin D deficiency-induced learning and memory impairment by altering 27-hydroxycholesterol and s-adenosylmethionine","volume":"15","author":"Wang L","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang L, Zhou C, Yu H, et al.. Vitamin D, folic acid and vitamin B(12) can reverse vitamin D deficiency-induced learning and memory impairment by altering 27-hydroxycholesterol and s-adenosylmethionine. Nutrients. 2022, 15:10.3390\/nu15010132","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18071\/isz.74.0379","article-title":"Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for the treatment of Alzheimer and non-Alzheimer dementias","volume":"74","author":"Bal\u00e1zs N","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bal\u00e1zs N, Bereczki D, Kov\u00e1cs T. Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for the treatment of Alzheimer and non-Alzheimer dementias. Ideggyogy Sz. 2021, 74:379-87. 10.18071\/isz.74.0379","journal-title":"Ideggyogy Sz"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002512-200421070-00004","article-title":"Cholinesterase inhibitors used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: the relationship between pharmacological effects and clinical efficacy","volume":"21","author":"Wilkinson DG","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wilkinson DG, Francis PT, Schwam E, Payne-Parrish J. Cholinesterase inhibitors used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: the relationship between pharmacological effects and clinical efficacy. Drugs Aging. 2004, 21:453-78. 10.2165\/00002512-200421070-00004","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13060651","article-title":"Ginkgo biloba: a leaf of hope in the fight against Alzheimer's dementia: clinical trial systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Pagotto GL","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pagotto GL, Santos LM, Osman N, et al.. Ginkgo biloba: a leaf of hope in the fight against Alzheimer's dementia: clinical trial systematic review. Antioxidants (Basel). 2024, 13:10.3390\/antiox13060651","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000540385","article-title":"Multicenter, open-label, prospective study shows safety and therapeutic benefits of a defined ginkgo biloba extract for adults with major neurocognitive disorder","volume":"53","author":"Chowdhury D","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chowdhury D, Roy AK, Reddy VR, Gupta YK, Nigam P, Hoerr R. Multicenter, open-label, prospective study shows safety and therapeutic benefits of a defined ginkgo biloba extract for adults with major neurocognitive disorder. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2024, 53:299-309. 10.1159\/000540385","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jjns.12574","article-title":"The effect of structured education and phone follow-up on moderate stage Alzheimer's disease caregiving: outcomes for patient and caregivers","volume":"21","author":"Ozcan M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ozcan M, Akyar I. The effect of structured education and phone follow-up on moderate stage Alzheimer's disease caregiving: outcomes for patient and caregivers. Jpn J Nurs Sci. 2024, 21:e12574. 10.1111\/jjns.12574","journal-title":"Jpn J Nurs Sci"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-230284","article-title":"Effects of mindfulness based interventions in adults and older adults caregivers of patients with early stage alzheimer's disease: a randomized pilot study","volume":"97","author":"Giulietti MV","year":"2024","unstructured":"Giulietti MV, Fabbietti P, Spatuzzi R, Vespa A. Effects of mindfulness based interventions in adults and older adults caregivers of patients with early stage alzheimer's disease: a randomized pilot study. J Alzheimers Dis. 2024, 97:1923-30. 10.3233\/JAD-230284","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.13172","article-title":"Healthcare interventions for older people with dementia and family caregivers in Europe: a scoping review","volume":"30","author":"Garc\u00eda-Vivar C","year":"2024","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Vivar C, Konradsen H, Kolbrun Svavarsd\u00f3ttir E, et al.. Healthcare interventions for older people with dementia and family caregivers in Europe: a scoping review. Int J Nurs Pract. 2024, 30:e13172. 10.1111\/ijn.13172","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Pract"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page MJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al.. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021, 372:n71. 10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne JA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sterne JA, Savovi\u0107 J, Page MJ, et al.. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. 2019, 366:l4898. 10.1136\/bmj.l4898","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4919","article-title":"ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions","volume":"355","author":"Sterne JA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sterne JA, Hern\u00e1n MA, Reeves BC, et al.. ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. BMJ. 2016, 355:i4919. 10.1136\/bmj.i4919","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1411","article-title":"Risk-of-bias VISualization (robvis): an R package and shiny web app for visualizing risk-of-bias assessments","volume":"12","author":"McGuinness LA","year":"2021","unstructured":"McGuinness LA, Higgins JP. Risk-of-bias VISualization (robvis): an R package and shiny web app for visualizing risk-of-bias assessments. Res Synth Methods. 2021, 12:55-61. 10.1002\/jrsm.1411","journal-title":"Res Synth Methods"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.6632","article-title":"Misunderstandings about Q and 'Cochran's Q test' in meta-analysis","volume":"35","author":"Hoaglin DC","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hoaglin DC. Misunderstandings about Q and 'Cochran's Q test' in meta-analysis. Stat Med. 2016, 35:485-95. 10.1002\/sim.6632","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdac036","article-title":"Strengthening systematic reviews in public health: guidance in the Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions, 2nd edition","volume":"44","author":"Cumpston MS","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cumpston MS, McKenzie JE, Welch VA, Brennan SE. Strengthening systematic reviews in public health: guidance in the Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions, 2nd edition. J Public Health (Oxf). 2022, 44:e588-92. 10.1093\/pubmed\/fdac036","journal-title":"J Public Health (Oxf)"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cegh.2023.101484","article-title":"Introduction to the GRADE tool for rating certainty in evidence and recommendations","volume":"25","author":"Prasad M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Prasad M. Introduction to the GRADE tool for rating certainty in evidence and recommendations. Clin Epidemiol Global Health. 2024, 25:101484. 10.1016\/j.cegh.2023.101484","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol Global Health"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/43.4.521","article-title":"The effect of a family therapy and technology-based intervention on caregiver depression","volume":"43","author":"Eisdorfer C","year":"2003","unstructured":"Eisdorfer C, Czaja SJ, Loewenstein DA, Rubert MP, Arg\u00fcelles S, Mitrani VB, Szapocznik J. The effect of a family therapy and technology-based intervention on caregiver depression. Gerontologist. 2003, 43:521-31. 10.1093\/geront\/43.4.521","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1545-5300.1999.00085.x","article-title":"Depressive symptoms among spousal caregivers of institutionalized mates with Alzheimer's: boundary ambiguity and mastery as predictors","volume":"38","author":"Kaplan L","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kaplan L, Boss P. Depressive symptoms among spousal caregivers of institutionalized mates with Alzheimer's: boundary ambiguity and mastery as predictors. Fam Process. 1999, 38:85-103. 10.1111\/j.1545-5300.1999.00085.x","journal-title":"Fam Process"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/43.4.556","article-title":"Effects of an automated telephone support system on caregiver burden and anxiety: findings from the REACH for TLC intervention study","volume":"43","author":"Mahoney DF","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mahoney DF, Tarlow BJ, Jones RN. Effects of an automated telephone support system on caregiver burden and anxiety: findings from the REACH for TLC intervention study. Gerontologist. 2003, 43:556-67. 10.1093\/geront\/43.4.556","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/35.6.792","article-title":"A comprehensive support program: effect on depression in spouse-caregivers of AD patients","volume":"35","author":"Mittelman MS","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mittelman MS, Ferris SH, Shulman E, Steinberg G, Ambinder A, Mackell JA, Cohen J. A comprehensive support program: effect on depression in spouse-caregivers of AD patients. Gerontologist. 1995, 35:792-802. 10.1093\/geront\/35.6.792","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.5.850","article-title":"Sustained benefit of supportive intervention for depressive symptoms in caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease","volume":"161","author":"Mittelman MS","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mittelman MS, Roth DL, Coon DW, Haley WE. Sustained benefit of supportive intervention for depressive symptoms in caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Am J Psychiatry. 2004, 161:850-6. 10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.5.850","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/57.3.p205","article-title":"Coping and depression in Alzheimer's caregivers: longitudinal evidence of stability","volume":"57","author":"Powers DV","year":"2002","unstructured":"Powers DV, Gallagher-Thompson D, Kraemer HC. Coping and depression in Alzheimer's caregivers: longitudinal evidence of stability. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2002, 57:P205-11. 10.1093\/geronb\/57.3.p205","journal-title":"J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1545-5300.1992.00019.x","article-title":"Family interaction and caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients: correlates of depression","volume":"31","author":"Shields CG","year":"1992","unstructured":"Shields CG. Family interaction and caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients: correlates of depression. Fam Process. 1992, 31:19-33. 10.1111\/j.1545-5300.1992.00019.x","journal-title":"Fam Process"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2005.08.017","article-title":"Coping strategies and anxiety in caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease: the LASER-AD study","volume":"90","author":"Cooper C","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cooper C, Katona C, Orrell M, Livingston G. Coping strategies and anxiety in caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease: the LASER-AD study. J Affect Disord. 2006, 90:15-20. 10.1016\/j.jad.2005.08.017","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2007","article-title":"Coping strategies, anxiety and depression in caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease","volume":"23","author":"Cooper C","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cooper C, Katona C, Orrell M, Livingston G. Coping strategies, anxiety and depression in caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2008, 23:929-36. 10.1002\/gps.2007","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajgp.13.9.795","article-title":"Anxiety and depression in family caregivers of people with Alzheimer disease: the LASER-AD study","volume":"13","author":"Mahoney R","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mahoney R, Regan C, Katona C, Livingston G. Anxiety and depression in family caregivers of people with Alzheimer disease: the LASER-AD study. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2005, 13:795-801. 10.1176\/appi.ajgp.13.9.795","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.176.6.557","article-title":"Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural family intervention in reducing the burden of care in carers of patients with Alzheimer's disease","volume":"176","author":"Marriott A","year":"2000","unstructured":"Marriott A, Donaldson C, Tarrier N, Burns A. Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural family intervention in reducing the burden of care in carers of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Br J Psychiatry. 2000, 176:557-62. 10.1192\/bjp.176.6.557","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.11.052","article-title":"Psychophysiological correlates of cognitive deficits in family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer Disease","volume":"286","author":"Corr\u00eaa MS","year":"2015","unstructured":"Corr\u00eaa MS, Vedovelli K, Giacobbo BL, et al.. Psychophysiological correlates of cognitive deficits in family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer Disease. Neuroscience. 2015, 286:371-82. 10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.11.052","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-5764-DN-2023-0115","article-title":"Psychosocial factors affected by burden in family caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease","volume":"18","author":"de Araujo EL","year":"2024","unstructured":"de Araujo EL, Lacerda SS. Psychosocial factors affected by burden in family caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease. Dement Neuropsychol. 2024, 18:e20230115. 10.1590\/1980-5764-DN-2023-0115","journal-title":"Dement Neuropsychol"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.13437","article-title":"Path analysis of caregiver characteristics and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease patients","volume":"18","author":"Delfino LL","year":"2018","unstructured":"Delfino LL, Komatsu RS, Komatsu C, Neri AL, Cachioni M. Path analysis of caregiver characteristics and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2018, 18:1177-82. 10.1111\/ggi.13437","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/153331750401900403","article-title":"Stress in the caregivers of Alzheimer's patients: an experimental investigation in Italy","volume":"19","author":"Aguglia E","year":"2004","unstructured":"Aguglia E, Onor ML, Trevisiol M, Negro C, Saina M, Maso E. Stress in the caregivers of Alzheimer's patients: an experimental investigation in Italy. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2004, 19:248-52. 10.1177\/153331750401900403","journal-title":"Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S58063","article-title":"Caregiver burden and coping strategies in caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease","volume":"10","author":"Iavarone A","year":"2014","unstructured":"Iavarone A, Ziello AR, Pastore F, Fasanaro AM, Poderico C. Caregiver burden and coping strategies in caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2014, 10:1407-13. 10.2147\/NDT.S58063","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2015.08.024","article-title":"The burden of distress and related coping processes in family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease living in the community","volume":"358","author":"Raggi A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Raggi A, Tasca D, Panerai S, Neri W, Ferri R. The burden of distress and related coping processes in family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease living in the community. J Neurol Sci. 2015, 358:77-81. 10.1016\/j.jns.2015.08.024","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610211002948","article-title":"Anxiety and depression are associated with coping strategies in caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients: results from the M\u00c1LAGA-AD study","volume":"24","author":"Garc\u00eda-Alberca JM","year":"2012","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Alberca JM, Cruz B, Lara JP, Garrido V, Lara A, Gris E. Anxiety and depression are associated with coping strategies in caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients: results from the M\u00c1LAGA-AD study. Int Psychogeriatr. 2012, 24:1325-34. 10.1017\/S1041610211002948","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/PM.41.1.f","article-title":"Anxiety and depression in caregivers are associated with patient and caregiver characteristics in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"41","author":"Garc\u00eda-Alberca JM","year":"2011","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Alberca JM, Lara JP, Berthier ML. Anxiety and depression in caregivers are associated with patient and caregiver characteristics in Alzheimer's disease. Int J Psychiatry Med. 2011, 41:57-69. 10.2190\/PM.41.1.f","journal-title":"Int J Psychiatry Med"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/55.1.s2","article-title":"Predicting caregiver burden and depression in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"55","author":"Clyburn LD","year":"2000","unstructured":"Clyburn LD, Stones MJ, Hadjistavropoulos T, Tuokko H. Predicting caregiver burden and depression in Alzheimer's disease. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2000, 55:S2-13. 10.1093\/geronb\/55.1.s2","journal-title":"J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci"},{"key":"ref48","article-title":"Prevalence of anxiety and depression in caregivers of Alzeheimer's dementia patients","volume":"53","author":"Ostoji\u0107 D","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ostoji\u0107 D, Vidovi\u0107 D, Bacekovi\u0107 A, Breci\u0107 P, Juki\u0107 V. Prevalence of anxiety and depression in caregivers of Alzeheimer's dementia patients. Acta Clin Croat. 2014, 53:17-21.","journal-title":"Acta Clin Croat"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1980-57642014DN84000013","article-title":"Burden, anxiety and depression in caregivers of Alzheimer patients in the Dominican Republic","volume":"8","author":"Medrano M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Medrano M, Rosario RL, Payano AN, Capell\u00e1n NR. Burden, anxiety and depression in caregivers of Alzheimer patients in the Dominican Republic. Dement Neuropsychol. 2014, 8:384-8. 10.1590\/S1980-57642014DN84000013","journal-title":"Dement Neuropsychol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/24750573.2018.1541646","article-title":"Behavioural and psychological symptoms of Alzheimer\u2019s disease associated with caregiver burden and depression","volume":"29","author":"Bozgeyik G","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bozgeyik G, Ipekcioglu D, Yazar MS, MC I. Behavioural and psychological symptoms of Alzheimer\u2019s disease associated with caregiver burden and depression. Psychiatry Clin Psychopharmacol. 2018, 29:656-664. 10.1080\/24750573.2018.1541646","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/jgp.0b013e3181a65187","article-title":"The effects of counseling spouse caregivers of people with Alzheimer disease taking donepezil and of country of residence on rates of admission to nursing homes and mortality","volume":"17","author":"Brodaty H","year":"2009","unstructured":"Brodaty H, Mittelman M, Gibson L, Seeher K, Burns A. The effects of counseling spouse caregivers of people with Alzheimer disease taking donepezil and of country of residence on rates of admission to nursing homes and mortality. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009, 17:734-43. 10.1097\/jgp.0b013e3181a65187","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/153331750401900202","article-title":"Reducing anxiety in Alzheimer's disease family caregivers: the effectiveness of a nine-week cognitive-behavioral intervention","volume":"19","author":"Akkerman RL","year":"2004","unstructured":"Akkerman RL, Ostwald SK. Reducing anxiety in Alzheimer's disease family caregivers: the effectiveness of a nine-week cognitive-behavioral intervention. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2004, 19:117-23. 10.1177\/153331750401900202","journal-title":"Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/59.1.p27","article-title":"Effects of a caregiver intervention on negative caregiver appraisals of behavior problems in patients with Alzheimer's disease: results of a randomized trial","volume":"59","author":"Mittelman MS","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mittelman MS, Roth DL, Haley WE, Zarit SH. Effects of a caregiver intervention on negative caregiver appraisals of behavior problems in patients with Alzheimer's disease: results of a randomized trial. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2004, 59:P27-34. 10.1093\/geronb\/59.1.p27","journal-title":"J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181fc2d09","article-title":"Video-based coping skills to reduce health risk and improve psychological and physical well-being in Alzheimer's disease family caregivers","volume":"72","author":"Williams VP","year":"2010","unstructured":"Williams VP, Bishop-Fitzpatrick L, Lane JD, et al.. Video-based coping skills to reduce health risk and improve psychological and physical well-being in Alzheimer's disease family caregivers. Psychosom Med. 2010, 72:897-904. 10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181fc2d09","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2014.880406","article-title":"Cognitive-behavioural group therapy improves a psychophysiological marker of stress in caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease","volume":"18","author":"Aboulafia-Brakha T","year":"2014","unstructured":"Aboulafia-Brakha T, Suchecki D, Gouveia-Paulino F, Nitrini R, Ptak R. Cognitive-behavioural group therapy improves a psychophysiological marker of stress in caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Aging Ment Health. 2014, 18:801-8. 10.1080\/13607863.2014.880406","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2024.2393748","article-title":"Cognitive behavioural treatment for mild Alzheimer's patients and their caregivers (CBTAC): results of a randomised controlled trial","volume":"29","author":"Forstmeier S","year":"2025","unstructured":"Forstmeier S, Maercker A, Bohli L, Savaskan E, Roth T. Cognitive behavioural treatment for mild Alzheimer's patients and their caregivers (CBTAC): results of a randomised controlled trial. Aging Ment Health. 2025, 29:359-68. 10.1080\/13607863.2024.2393748","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbz118","article-title":"Benefit-finding intervention delivered individually to alzheimer family caregivers: longer-term outcomes of a randomized double-blind controlled trial","volume":"75","author":"Cheng ST","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cheng ST, Mak EP, Kwok T, Fung H, Lam LC. Benefit-finding intervention delivered individually to alzheimer family caregivers: longer-term outcomes of a randomized double-blind controlled trial. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2020, 75:1884-93. 10.1093\/geronb\/gbz118","journal-title":"J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2000.tb02645.x","article-title":"The impact of metrifonate therapy on caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease: results from the MALT clinical trial. Metrifonate in Alzheimer's Disease Trial","volume":"48","author":"Shikiar R","year":"2000","unstructured":"Shikiar R, Shakespeare A, Sagnier PP, Wilkinson D, McKeith I, Dartigues JF, Dubois B. The impact of metrifonate therapy on caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease: results from the MALT clinical trial. Metrifonate in Alzheimer's Disease Trial. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2000, 48:268-74. 10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2000.tb02645.x","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.09.007","article-title":"Prevalence of mental health disorders among caregivers of patients with Alzheimer disease","volume":"16","author":"Sallim AB","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sallim AB, Sayampanathan AA, Cuttilan A, Ho R. Prevalence of mental health disorders among caregivers of patients with Alzheimer disease. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2015, 16:1034-41. 10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.09.007","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcx077","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease: associations with caregiver burden and treatment outcomes","volume":"110","author":"Chen CT","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen CT, Chang CC, Chang WN, et al.. Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease: associations with caregiver burden and treatment outcomes. QJM. 2017, 110:565-70. 10.1093\/qjmed\/hcx077","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1518-8345.0580.2751","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric symptoms of the elderly with Alzheimer's disease and the family caregivers' distress","volume":"24","author":"Storti LB","year":"2016","unstructured":"Storti LB, Quintino DT, Silva NM, Kusumota L, Marques S. Neuropsychiatric symptoms of the elderly with Alzheimer's disease and the family caregivers' distress. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2016, 24:e2751. 10.1590\/1518-8345.0580.2751","journal-title":"Rev Lat Am Enfermagem"},{"key":"ref62","article-title":"Behaviour disturbance and other predictors of carer burden in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"12","author":"Coen RF","year":"1997","unstructured":"Coen RF, Swanwick GR, O'Boyle CA, Coakley D. Behaviour disturbance and other predictors of carer burden in Alzheimer's disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1997, 12:331-6.","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref63","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric symptoms as a predictor of caregiver burden in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"2","author":"Allegri RF","year":"2006","unstructured":"Allegri RF, Sarasola D, Serrano CM, Taragano FE, Arizaga RL, Butman J, Lo\u00f1 L. Neuropsychiatric symptoms as a predictor of caregiver burden in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2006, 2:105-10.","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1980-57642009DN30200011","article-title":"Dementia caregiver burgen in a brasilian sample: association to neuropsychiatric symptoms","volume":"3","author":"Fialho PP","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fialho PP, Koenig AM, Dos Santos EL, et al.. Dementia caregiver burgen in a brasilian sample: association to neuropsychiatric symptoms. Dement Neuropsychol. 2009, 3:132-5. 10.1590\/S1980-57642009DN30200011","journal-title":"Dement Neuropsychol"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2001.49090.x","article-title":"Dementia family caregiver training: affecting beliefs about caregiving and caregiver outcomes","volume":"49","author":"Hepburn KW","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hepburn KW, Tornatore J, Center B, Ostwald SW. Dementia family caregiver training: affecting beliefs about caregiving and caregiver outcomes. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2001, 49:450-7. 10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2001.49090.x","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.114.148130","article-title":"Psychological treatments for depression and anxiety in dementia and mild cognitive impairment: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"207","author":"Orgeta V","year":"2015","unstructured":"Orgeta V, Qazi A, Spector A, Orrell M. Psychological treatments for depression and anxiety in dementia and mild cognitive impairment: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry. 2015, 207:293-8. 10.1192\/bjp.bp.114.148130","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0b013e318231e46e","article-title":"CORDIAL: cognitive rehabilitation and cognitive-behavioral treatment for early dementia in Alzheimer disease: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"26","author":"Kurz A","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kurz A, Th\u00f6ne-Otto A, Cramer B, et al.. CORDIAL: cognitive rehabilitation and cognitive-behavioral treatment for early dementia in Alzheimer disease: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2012, 26:246-53. 10.1097\/WAD.0b013e318231e46e","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/385978-neuropsychiatric-and-associated-symptoms-and-their-management-in-caregivers-of-alzheimers-disease-patients-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]],"date-time":"2025-07-26T10:30:10Z","timestamp":1753525810000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/385978-neuropsychiatric-and-associated-symptoms-and-their-management-in-caregivers-of-alzheimers-disease-patients-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]]},"references-count":67,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.88795","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]]}}}