{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T09:39:14Z","timestamp":1785404354449,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.88841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]],"date-time":"2025-07-27T09:30:01Z","timestamp":1753608601000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Descriptive Study on Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) in Early Identification of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia (HAP) Among Critically Ill Patients in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Shrabani","family":"Mondal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferganzia","family":"Jubilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sagar","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/653053","article-title":"Microbial etiologies of hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia","volume":"51 Suppl 1","author":"Jones RN","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jones RN. Microbial etiologies of hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis. 2010, 51 Suppl 1:S81-7. 10.1086\/653053","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-021-01816-9","article-title":"Comprehensive risk assessment for hospital-acquired pneumonia: sociodemographic, clinical, and hospital environmental factors associated with the incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia","volume":"22","author":"Kim BG","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim BG, Kang M, Lim J, et al.. Comprehensive risk assessment for hospital-acquired pneumonia: sociodemographic, clinical, and hospital environmental factors associated with the incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia. BMC Pulm Med. 2022, 22:21. 10.1186\/s12890-021-01816-9","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000055380.86458.1E","article-title":"Resolution of ventilator-associated pneumonia: prospective evaluation of the clinical pulmonary infection score as an early clinical predictor of outcome","volume":"31","author":"Luna CM","year":"2003","unstructured":"Luna CM, Blanzaco D, Niederman MS, et al.. Resolution of ventilator-associated pneumonia: prospective evaluation of the clinical pulmonary infection score as an early clinical predictor of outcome. Crit Care Med. 2003, 31:676-82. 10.1097\/01.CCM.0000055380.86458.1E","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-2018-2","article-title":"Clinical pulmonary infection score for ventilator-associated pneumonia: accuracy and inter-observer variability","volume":"30","author":"Schurink CA","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schurink CA, Nieuwenhoven CA, Jacobs JA, et al.. Clinical pulmonary infection score for ventilator-associated pneumonia: accuracy and inter-observer variability. Intensive Care Med. 2004, 30:217-24. 10.1007\/s00134-003-2018-2","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/313954","article-title":"Practice guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"31","author":"Bartlett JG","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bartlett JG, Dowell SF, Mandell LA, File TM Jr, Musher DM, Fine MJ. Practice guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2000, 31:347-82. 10.1086\/313954","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-05980-0","article-title":"Ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: a narrative review","volume":"46","author":"Papazian L","year":"2020","unstructured":"Papazian L, Klompas M, Luyt CE. Ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: a narrative review. Intensive Care Med. 2020, 46:888-906. 10.1007\/s00134-020-05980-0","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-023-00834-w","article-title":"Narrative review of the epidemiology of hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia in Gulf Cooperation Council countries","volume":"12","author":"Abdalla JS","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abdalla JS, Albarrak M, Alhasawi A, et al.. Narrative review of the epidemiology of hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia in Gulf Cooperation Council countries. Infect Dis Ther. 2023, 12:1741-73. 10.1007\/s40121-023-00834-w","journal-title":"Infect Dis Ther"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.127.1.213","article-title":"Multicenter study of hospital-acquired pneumonia in non-ICU patients","volume":"127","author":"Sopena N","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sopena N, Sabri\u00e0 M. Multicenter study of hospital-acquired pneumonia in non-ICU patients. Chest. 2005, 127:213-9. 10.1378\/chest.127.1.213","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115245","article-title":"Hospital-acquired pneumonia. Attributable mortality and morbidity","volume":"129","author":"Leu HS","year":"1989","unstructured":"Leu HS, Kaiser DL, Mori M, Woolson RF, Wenzel RP. Hospital-acquired pneumonia. Attributable mortality and morbidity. Am J Epidemiol. 1989, 129:1258-67. 10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115245","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-2008-4","article-title":"A 7-year study of severe hospital-acquired pneumonia requiring ICU admission","volume":"29","author":"Vall\u00e9s J","year":"2003","unstructured":"Vall\u00e9s J, Mesalles E, Mariscal D, del Mar Fern\u00e1ndez M, Pe\u00f1a R, Jim\u00e9nez JL, Rello J. A 7-year study of severe hospital-acquired pneumonia requiring ICU admission. Intensive Care Med. 2003, 29:1981-8. 10.1007\/s00134-003-2008-4","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.01097","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of clinical pulmonary infection score for ventilator-associated pneumonia: a meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"Shan J","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shan J, Chen HL, Zhu JH. Diagnostic accuracy of clinical pulmonary infection score for ventilator-associated pneumonia: a meta-analysis. Respir Care. 2011, 56:1087-94. 10.4187\/respcare.01097","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab032","article-title":"A phase 3, randomized, double-blind study comparing tedizolid phosphate and linezolid for treatment of ventilated gram-positive hospital-acquired or ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia","volume":"73","author":"Wunderink RG","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wunderink RG, Roquilly A, Croce M, et al.. A phase 3, randomized, double-blind study comparing tedizolid phosphate and linezolid for treatment of ventilated gram-positive hospital-acquired or ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis. 2021, 73:e710-8. 10.1093\/cid\/ciab032","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/653062","article-title":"Ventilator-associated pneumonia: the clinical pulmonary infection score as a surrogate for diagnostics and outcome","volume":"51 Suppl 1","author":"Zilberberg MD","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zilberberg MD, Shorr AF. Ventilator-associated pneumonia: the clinical pulmonary infection score as a surrogate for diagnostics and outcome. Clin Infect Dis. 2010, 51 Suppl 1:S131-5. 10.1086\/653062","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-5229.130570","article-title":"Ventilator-associated pneumonia in a tertiary care intensive care unit: Analysis of incidence, risk factors and mortality","volume":"18","author":"Ranjan N","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ranjan N, Chaudhary U, Chaudhry D, Ranjan KP. Ventilator-associated pneumonia in a tertiary care intensive care unit: Analysis of incidence, risk factors and mortality. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2014, 18:200-4. 10.4103\/0972-5229.130570","journal-title":"Indian J Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.87a.19117","article-title":"Hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia: diagnosis, management, and prevention","volume":"87","author":"Modi AR","year":"2020","unstructured":"Modi AR, Kovacs CS. Hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia: diagnosis, management, and prevention. Cleve Clin J Med. 2020, 87:633-9. 10.3949\/ccjm.87a.19117","journal-title":"Cleve Clin J Med"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/143.5_Pt_1.1121","article-title":"Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia by bacteriologic analysis of bronchoscopic and nonbronchoscopic \"blind\" bronchoalveolar lavage fluid","volume":"143","author":"Pugin J","year":"1991","unstructured":"Pugin J, Auckenthaler R, Mili N, Janssens JP, Lew PD, Suter PM. Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia by bacteriologic analysis of bronchoscopic and nonbronchoscopic \"blind\" bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1991, 143:1121-9. 10.1164\/ajrccm\/143.5_Pt_1.1121","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/375756-a-descriptive-study-on-clinical-pulmonary-infection-score-cpis-in-early-identification-of-hospital-acquired-pneumonia-hap-among-critically-ill-patients-in-a-tertiary-care-teaching-hospital","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]],"date-time":"2025-07-27T09:30:01Z","timestamp":1753608601000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/375756-a-descriptive-study-on-clinical-pulmonary-infection-score-cpis-in-early-identification-of-hospital-acquired-pneumonia-hap-among-critically-ill-patients-in-a-tertiary-care-teaching-hospital"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]]},"references-count":16,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.88841","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]]}}}