{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T04:54:48Z","timestamp":1788497688316,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.88908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T14:37:13Z","timestamp":1753713433000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Performance of the ChatGPT-4o Language Model in Solving the Ophthalmology Specialization Exam"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Barbara","family":"S\u0142awi\u0144ska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dawid","family":"Jasi\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksander","family":"Jaworski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Jasi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wojciech","family":"Jaworski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliwia","family":"Sys\u0142o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikola","family":"Rubik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Izabela","family":"Jastrzebska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konrad","family":"Harazi\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weronika","family":"Goliat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maksym","family":"Gmur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Gajewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuzanna","family":"B\u0142echa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Maryniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ada","family":"Latkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"ChatGPT jest ju\u017c w 3 milionach firm. OpenAI ro\u015bnie w si\u0142\u0119 i wprowadza nowe funkcje. (2025). Accessed. June 25, 2025: https:\/\/www.bankier.pl\/wiadomosc\/ChatGPT-jest-juz-w-3-milionach-firm-OpenAI-rosnie-w-sile-i-wprowadza-nowe-funkcje-89...."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.01.011","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in medicine","volume":"69S","author":"Hamet P","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hamet P, Tremblay J. Artificial intelligence in medicine. Metabolism. 2017, 69S:S36-40. 10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.01.011","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_202310_34163","article-title":"Can artificial intelligence predict COVID-19 mortality?","volume":"27","author":"Genc AC","year":"2023","unstructured":"Genc AC, Cekic D, Issever K, et al.. Can artificial intelligence predict COVID-19 mortality?. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2023, 27:9866-71. 10.26355\/eurrev_202310_34163","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.68813","article-title":"GPT-4o vs. human candidates: performance analysis in the Polish final dentistry examination","volume":"16","author":"Jaworski A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jaworski A, Jasi\u0144ski D, S\u0142awi\u0144ska B, et al.. GPT-4o vs. human candidates: performance analysis in the Polish final dentistry examination. Cureus. 2024, 16:e68813. 10.7759\/cureus.68813","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/pjr.2023.131215","article-title":"Will ChatGPT pass the Polish specialty exam in radiology and diagnostic imaging? Insights into strengths and limitations","volume":"88","author":"Kufel J","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kufel J, Paszkiewicz I, Biel\u00f3wka M, et al.. Will ChatGPT pass the Polish specialty exam in radiology and diagnostic imaging? Insights into strengths and limitations. Pol J Radiol. 2023, 88:e430-4. 10.5114\/pjr.2023.131215","journal-title":"Pol J Radiol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.66011","article-title":"Comparison of the performance of artificial Intelligence versus medical professionals in the Polish final Medical Examination","volume":"16","author":"Jaworski A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jaworski A, Jasi\u0144ski D, Jaworski W, et al.. Comparison of the performance of artificial Intelligence versus medical professionals in the Polish final Medical Examination. Cureus. 2024, 16:e66011. 10.7759\/cureus.66011","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5603\/cj.97517","article-title":"Reshaping medical education: performance of ChatGPT on a PES medical examination","volume":"31","author":"W\u00f3jcik S","year":"2024","unstructured":"W\u00f3jcik S, Rulkiewicz A, Pruszczyk P, Lisik W, Pobo\u017cy M, Domienik-Kar\u0142owicz J. Reshaping medical education: performance of ChatGPT on a PES medical examination. Cardiol J. 2024, 31:442-50. 10.5603\/cj.97517","journal-title":"Cardiol J"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.82870","article-title":"Performance of GPT-4o and DeepSeek-R1 in the Polish infectious diseases specialty exam","volume":"17","author":"B\u0142echa Z","year":"2025","unstructured":"B\u0142echa Z, Jasi\u0144ski D, Jaworski A, et al.. Performance of GPT-4o and DeepSeek-R1 in the Polish infectious diseases specialty exam. Cureus. 2025, 17:e82870. 10.7759\/cureus.82870","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/pja.2024.135380","article-title":"Evaluating ChatGPT-3.5 in allergology: performance in the Polish Specialist Examination","volume":"11","author":"Biel\u00f3wka M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Biel\u00f3wka M, Kufel J, Rojek M, et al.. Evaluating ChatGPT-3.5 in allergology: performance in the Polish Specialist Examination. Alergologia Polska. 2024, 11:42-7. 10.5114\/pja.2024.135380","journal-title":"Alergologia Polska"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/dr.2024.140796","article-title":"Exploring the performance of ChatGPT-3.5 in addressing dermatological queries: a research investigation into AI capabilities","volume":"111","author":"Rojek M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rojek M, Kufel J, Biel\u00f3wka M, et al.. Exploring the performance of ChatGPT-3.5 in addressing dermatological queries: a research investigation into AI capabilities. Przegl Dermatol. 2024, 111:26-30. 10.5114\/dr.2024.140796","journal-title":"Przegl Dermatol"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Assessing ChatGPT's performance in national nuclear medicine specialty examination: an evaluative analysis","volume":"32","author":"Kufel J","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kufel J, Biel\u00f3wka M, Rojek M, et al.. Assessing ChatGPT's performance in national nuclear medicine specialty examination: an evaluative analysis. Iran J Nucl Med. 2024, 32:60-5.","journal-title":"Iran J Nucl Med"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/387002-performance-of-the-chatgpt-4o-language-model-in-solving-the-ophthalmology-specialization-exam","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T14:37:14Z","timestamp":1753713434000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/387002-performance-of-the-chatgpt-4o-language-model-in-solving-the-ophthalmology-specialization-exam"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"references-count":11,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.88908","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]}}}