{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T12:56:29Z","timestamp":1789822589666,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.89201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T10:15:23Z","timestamp":1754043323000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of Inhaled Corticosteroids on Osteoporosis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Mona","family":"Mohammednoor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Mohamed Elamin","family":"Mubarak Osman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saba","family":"Hamad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatima Ismail","family":"Abdelhalim Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Elamien Yousif","family":"Elsharief Mohammed Elamien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esra Eltahir","family":"Mohamed Gamareldin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md Hasanur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31838\/ijprt\/10.01.12","article-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)","volume":"10","author":"Prasad B","year":"2020","unstructured":"Prasad B. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Int J Pharm Res Technol. 2020, 10:67-71. 10.31838\/ijprt\/10.01.12","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Res Technol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-024-01527-1","article-title":"Mechanisms of osteoporosis associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"42","author":"Inoue D","year":"2024","unstructured":"Inoue D, Inoue R. Mechanisms of osteoporosis associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Bone Miner Metab. 2024, 42:428-37. 10.1007\/s00774-024-01527-1","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S289799","article-title":"Prescription patterns in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and osteoporosis","volume":"16","author":"Liao KM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liao KM, Chiu KL, Chen CY. Prescription patterns in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and osteoporosis. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2021, 16:761-9. 10.2147\/COPD.S289799","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.13514","article-title":"Osteoporosis in COPD patients: risk factors and pulmonary rehabilitation","volume":"16","author":"Li Y","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li Y, Gao H, Zhao L, Wang J. Osteoporosis in COPD patients: risk factors and pulmonary rehabilitation. Clin Respir J. 2022, 16:487-96. 10.1111\/crj.13514","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15412555.2024.2356510","article-title":"Relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and osteoporosis: a scoping review","volume":"21","author":"Penedones A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Penedones A, Mendes D, Alves C, Filipe A, Oliveira T, Batel-Marques F. Relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and osteoporosis: a scoping review. COPD. 2024, 21:2356510. 10.1080\/15412555.2024.2356510","journal-title":"COPD"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.925132","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from 1990 to 2019","volume":"13","author":"Wang H","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang H, Ye X, Zhang Y, Ling S. Global, regional, and national burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from 1990 to 2019. Front Physiol. 2022, 13:925132. 10.3389\/fphys.2022.925132","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.70086","article-title":"Dose of inhaled corticosteroid in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and risks of osteoporosis or fracture-a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Kwok WC","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kwok WC, Tsui CK, Leung SH, Ngai SM, Lam DC, Ip MS, Ho JC. Dose of inhaled corticosteroid in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and risks of osteoporosis or fracture-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Respir J. 2025, 19:e70086. 10.1111\/crj.70086","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1503475","article-title":"Evaluating inhaled corticosteroids' impact on osteoporosis and fracture risk in COPD patients: a real-world evidence-based systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Huang HF","year":"2025","unstructured":"Huang HF, Hsu CW, Hsieh FT, Liao KM. Evaluating inhaled corticosteroids' impact on osteoporosis and fracture risk in COPD patients: a real-world evidence-based systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne). 2025, 12:1503475. 10.3389\/fmed.2025.1503475","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.10933","article-title":"Risk of fracture and osteoporosis in patients with COPD and inhaled corticosteroids treatment","volume":"68","author":"Zhang N","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang N, Fan X, Zhang Y, Xu N, Li L. Risk of fracture and osteoporosis in patients with COPD and inhaled corticosteroids treatment. Respir Care. 2023, 68:1719-27. 10.4187\/respcare.10933","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page MJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al.. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021, 372:n71. 10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses.","author":"Wells GA","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wells GA, Shea B, O\u2019Connell D, Peterson J, Welch V, Losos M, Tugwell P. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses.. The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 2000."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41533-019-0150-x","article-title":"Inhaled corticosteroids in COPD and onset of type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis: matched cohort study","volume":"29","author":"Price DB","year":"2019","unstructured":"Price DB, Voorham J, Brusselle G, et al.. Inhaled corticosteroids in COPD and onset of type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis: matched cohort study. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2019, 29:38. 10.1038\/s41533-019-0150-x","journal-title":"NPJ Prim Care Respir Med"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S106054","article-title":"Inhaled corticosteroids can reduce osteoporosis in female patients with COPD","volume":"11","author":"Liu SF","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu SF, Kuo HC, Liu GH, et al.. Inhaled corticosteroids can reduce osteoporosis in female patients with COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2016, 11:1607-14. 10.2147\/COPD.S106054","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S14247","article-title":"Long-term use of fluticasone propionate\/salmeterol fixed-dose combination and incidence of cataracts and glaucoma among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in the UK General Practice Research Database","volume":"6","author":"Miller DP","year":"2011","unstructured":"Miller DP, Watkins SE, Sampson T, Davis KJ. Long-term use of fluticasone propionate\/salmeterol fixed-dose combination and incidence of cataracts and glaucoma among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in the UK General Practice Research Database. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2011, 6:467-76. 10.2147\/COPD.S14247","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.127.1.89","article-title":"The risk of nonvertebral fracture related to inhaled corticosteroid exposure among adults with chronic respiratory disease","volume":"127","author":"Johannes CB","year":"2005","unstructured":"Johannes CB, Schneider GA, Dube TJ, Alfredson TD, Davis KJ, Walker AM. The risk of nonvertebral fracture related to inhaled corticosteroid exposure among adults with chronic respiratory disease. Chest. 2005, 127:89-97. 10.1378\/chest.127.1.89","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200307-926OC","article-title":"Fracture risk associated with inhaled corticosteroid use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"169","author":"Lee TA","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lee TA, Weiss KB. Fracture risk associated with inhaled corticosteroid use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004, 169:855-9. 10.1164\/rccm.200307-926OC","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcm056","article-title":"Inhaled corticosteroids and the risk of fracture in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"100","author":"Pujades-Rodr\u00edguez M","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pujades-Rodr\u00edguez M, Smith CJ, Hubbard RB. Inhaled corticosteroids and the risk of fracture in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. QJM. 2007, 100:509-17. 10.1093\/qjmed\/hcm056","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80815-y","article-title":"Evaluating the association of osteoporosis with inhaled corticosteroid use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Taiwan","volume":"11","author":"Chiu KL","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chiu KL, Lee CC, Chen CY. Evaluating the association of osteoporosis with inhaled corticosteroid use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Taiwan. Sci Rep. 2021, 11:724. 10.1038\/s41598-020-80815-y","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00515-2020","article-title":"Osteoporosis and fracture risk associated with inhaled corticosteroid use among Swedish COPD patients: the ARCTIC study","volume":"57","author":"Janson C","year":"2021","unstructured":"Janson C, Lisspers K, St\u00e4llberg B, et al.. Osteoporosis and fracture risk associated with inhaled corticosteroid use among Swedish COPD patients: the ARCTIC study. Eur Respir J. 2021, 57:10.1183\/13993003.00515-2020","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.07.002","article-title":"Long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids in COPD and the risk of fracture","volume":"153","author":"Gonzalez AV","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gonzalez AV, Coulombe J, Ernst P, Suissa S. Long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids in COPD and the risk of fracture. Chest. 2018, 153:321-8. 10.1016\/j.chest.2017.07.002","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.240030","article-title":"Adverse outcomes associated with inhaled corticosteroid use in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"23","author":"Pace WD","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pace WD, Callen E, Gaona-Villarreal G, Shaikh A, Yawn BP. Adverse outcomes associated with inhaled corticosteroid use in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann Fam Med. 2025, 23:127-35. 10.1370\/afm.240030","journal-title":"Ann Fam Med"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v16.i2.102101","article-title":"Novel association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and osteoporosis: a prospective cross-sectional study","volume":"16","author":"Gao R","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gao R, Zeng JK, Yang K, Wang P, Zhou S. Novel association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and osteoporosis: a prospective cross-sectional study. World J Orthop. 2025, 16:102101. 10.5312\/wjo.v16.i2.102101","journal-title":"World J Orthop"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2011.160028","article-title":"Risk of fractures with inhaled corticosteroids in COPD: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies","volume":"66","author":"Loke YK","year":"2011","unstructured":"Loke YK, Cavallazzi R, Singh S. Risk of fractures with inhaled corticosteroids in COPD: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies. Thorax. 2011, 66:699-708. 10.1136\/thx.2011.160028","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15412555.2024.2328708","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of budesonide\/formoterol versus fluticasone\/salmeterol in patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Shang N","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shang N, Liu Y, Jin Y. Comparative efficacy of budesonide\/formoterol versus fluticasone\/salmeterol in patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. COPD. 2024, 21:2328708. 10.1080\/15412555.2024.2328708","journal-title":"COPD"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.257","article-title":"Osteoporosis in COPD outpatients based on bone mineral density and vertebral fractures","volume":"26","author":"Graat-Verboom L","year":"2011","unstructured":"Graat-Verboom L, van den Borne BE, Smeenk FW, Spruit MA, Wouters EF. Osteoporosis in COPD outpatients based on bone mineral density and vertebral fractures. J Bone Miner Res. 2011, 26:561-8. 10.1002\/jbmr.257","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2005.20.8.1486","article-title":"Use of oral corticosteroids and risk of fractures. June, 2000","volume":"20","author":"Van Staa TP","year":"2005","unstructured":"Van Staa TP, Leufkens HG, Abenhaim L, Zhang B, Cooper C. Use of oral corticosteroids and risk of fractures. June, 2000. J Bone Miner Res. 2005, 20:1487-94; discussion 1486. 10.1359\/jbmr.2005.20.8.1486","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.159.9.941","article-title":"Systemic adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroid therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"159","author":"Lipworth BJ","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lipworth BJ. Systemic adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroid therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med. 1999, 159:941-55. 10.1001\/archinte.159.9.941","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12101626","article-title":"Pharmacological, nutritional, and rehabilitative interventions to improve the complex management of osteoporosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a narrative review","volume":"12","author":"de Sire A","year":"2022","unstructured":"de Sire A, Lippi L, Aprile V, et al.. Pharmacological, nutritional, and rehabilitative interventions to improve the complex management of osteoporosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a narrative review. J Pers Med. 2022, 12:10.3390\/jpm12101626","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S404690","article-title":"GOLD 2023 update: implications for clinical practice","volume":"18","author":"Tamondong-Lachica DR","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tamondong-Lachica DR, Skolnik N, Hurst JR, Marchetti N, Rabe AP, Montes de Oca M, Celli BR. GOLD 2023 update: implications for clinical practice. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2023, 18:745-54. 10.2147\/COPD.S404690","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-1361","article-title":"Treatment of low bone density or osteoporosis to prevent fractures in men and women: a clinical practice guideline update from the American College of Physicians","volume":"166","author":"Qaseem A","year":"2017","unstructured":"Qaseem A, Forciea MA, McLean RM, et al.. Treatment of low bone density or osteoporosis to prevent fractures in men and women: a clinical practice guideline update from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2017, 166:818-39. 10.7326\/M15-1361","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzy014","article-title":"Quality of care and clinical outcomes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with schizophrenia. A Danish nationwide study","volume":"30","author":"J\u00f8rgensen M","year":"2018","unstructured":"J\u00f8rgensen M, Mainz J, Lange P, Paaske Johnsen S. Quality of care and clinical outcomes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with schizophrenia. A Danish nationwide study. Int J Qual Health Care. 2018, 30:351-7. 10.1093\/intqhc\/mzy014","journal-title":"Int J Qual Health Care"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-156-2-201201170-00004","article-title":"High doses of vitamin D to reduce exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized trial","volume":"156","author":"Lehouck A","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lehouck A, Mathieu C, Carremans C, et al.. High doses of vitamin D to reduce exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2012, 156:105-14. 10.7326\/0003-4819-156-2-201201170-00004","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/392865-impact-of-inhaled-corticosteroids-on-osteoporosis-in-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-copd-a-systematic-review","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T10:15:24Z","timestamp":1754043324000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/392865-impact-of-inhaled-corticosteroids-on-osteoporosis-in-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-copd-a-systematic-review"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"references-count":32,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.89201","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]}}}