{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T18:00:33Z","timestamp":1755799233236,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.90512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T18:55:29Z","timestamp":1755629729000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessing the Efficacy of Alcohol Swabbing in Preventing Bacterial Colonization of Single-Use Vials: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"George","family":"Christolias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Byron","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jerry","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Whittier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaspal","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Solberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Ehsanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Protect patients from improper use of single-dose\/single-use vials. (2012). Accessed. January 24, 2025: http:\/\/publichealth.lacounty.gov\/wwwfiles\/ph\/media\/media\/rx-apr-may2012.pdf."},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"Preventing unsafe injection practices. (2024). Accessed. May 4, 2025: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/injection-safety\/hcp\/clinical-safety\/."},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (ATAGI). guidance on the use of multi-dose vials for COVID-19 vaccination. (2024). Accessed: January 24, 2025: https:\/\/www.health.gov.au\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-01\/atagi-guidance-on-the-use-of-multi-dose-vials-for-covid-19-vacc...."},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Preventing infection from the misuse of vials. (2014). Accessed. January 24, 2025: https:\/\/psnet.ahrq.gov\/issue\/preventing-infection-misuse-vials."},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Invasive Staphylococcus aureus infections associated with pain injections and reuse of single-dose vials-Arizona and Delaware, 2012","volume":"61","year":"2012","unstructured":"Invasive Staphylococcus aureus infections associated with pain injections and reuse of single-dose vials-Arizona and Delaware, 2012. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2012, 61.501-4.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"Chemical disinfectants. (2023). Accessed. January 24, 2025: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/infection-control\/hcp\/disinfection-sterilization\/chemical-disinfectants.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https:...."},{"article-title":"WHO Best Practices for Injections and Related Procedures Toolkit","year":"2010","key":"ref7","unstructured":"WHO Best Practices for Injections and Related Procedures Toolkit. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; 2010. https.\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK138491\/."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc1994.3.6.448","article-title":"Defining unnecessary disinfection procedures for single-dose and multiple-dose vials","volume":"3","author":"Buckley T","year":"1994","unstructured":"Buckley T, Dudley SM, Donowitz LG. Defining unnecessary disinfection procedures for single-dose and multiple-dose vials. Am J Crit Care. 1994, 3:448-51.","journal-title":"Am J Crit Care"},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"Swab all vials with alcohol. (2012). Accessed. January 30, 2025: https:\/\/www.apsf.org\/article\/swab-all-vials-with-alcohol\/."},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"A prospective controlled trial of the efficacy of isopropyl alcohol wipes before venesection in surgical patients","volume":"81","author":"Sutton CD","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sutton CD, White SA, Edwards R, Lewis MH. A prospective controlled trial of the efficacy of isopropyl alcohol wipes before venesection in surgical patients. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1999, 81:183-6.","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Routine skin preparation with 70% isopropyl alcohol swab: is it necessary before an injection? Quasi study","volume":"12","author":"Khawaja RA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Khawaja RA, Sikandar R, Qureshi R, Jareno RJ. Routine skin preparation with 70% isopropyl alcohol swab: is it necessary before an injection? Quasi study. J Liaquat Univ Med Health Sci. 2013, 12:109-14.","journal-title":"J Liaquat Univ Med Health Sci"},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"What's this fuss about true randomness?. (1998). Accessed. January 1, 2025: http:\/\/random.org."},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"Cardinal Health\u2122 CultureSwab\u2122 specimen collection and transport system sterile. (2025). Accessed. January 30, 2025: https:\/\/mms.mckesson.com\/product\/1161402\/cardinal-c8552-11s."},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"The R Project for Statistical Computing. (2024). Accessed. January 1, 2025: https:\/\/www.r-project.org\/."},{"key":"ref15","unstructured":"exact2x2. exact tests and confidence intervals for 2x2 tables. (2024). Accessed: January 1, 2025: https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/package=exact2x2."}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/371838-assessing-the-efficacy-of-alcohol-swabbing-in-preventing-bacterial-colonization-of-single-use-vials-a-pilot-study","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T18:55:31Z","timestamp":1755629731000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/371838-assessing-the-efficacy-of-alcohol-swabbing-in-preventing-bacterial-colonization-of-single-use-vials-a-pilot-study"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]},"references-count":15,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.90512","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2168-8184"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]}}}