{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T18:46:59Z","timestamp":1755802019689,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.90635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T07:17:53Z","timestamp":1755760673000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Metformin Use on Liver Function Tests in Diabetic Patients With Suspected Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Cross-Sectional Analysis"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Adeel","family":"Asghar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amina","family":"Azam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Mustafa","family":"Imran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Rohail","family":"Tariq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Adil","family":"Sohail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zainab","family":"Tariq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umer","family":"Mushtaq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fajar","family":"Khalid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl20367","article-title":"Effects of metformin on hepatic steatosis in adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetes: insights from the cellular to patient levels","volume":"15","author":"Pinyopornpanish K","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pinyopornpanish K, Leerapun A, Pinyopornpanish K, Chattipakorn N. Effects of metformin on hepatic steatosis in adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetes: insights from the cellular to patient levels. Gut Liver. 2021, 15:827-40. 10.5009\/gnl20367","journal-title":"Gut Liver"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jpr3.12054","article-title":"Resolution of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis with estradiol in a transgender female: A\u00a0case report","volume":"5","author":"Steiger A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Steiger A, VanderVeen NT, Kang EH, Weimer AK. Resolution of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis with estradiol in a transgender female: A\u00a0case report. JPGN Rep. 2024, 5:223-7. 10.1002\/jpr3.12054","journal-title":"JPGN Rep"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-013-0084-6","article-title":"Effect of metformin on ballooning degeneration in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): when to use metformin in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)","volume":"31","author":"Doycheva I","year":"2014","unstructured":"Doycheva I, Loomba R. Effect of metformin on ballooning degeneration in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): when to use metformin in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Adv Ther. 2014, 31:30-43. 10.1007\/s12325-013-0084-6","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13592","article-title":"Of mice and men: Is there a future for metformin in the treatment of hepatic steatosis?","volume":"21","author":"Green CJ","year":"2019","unstructured":"Green CJ, Marjot T, Tomlinson JW, Hodson L. Of mice and men: Is there a future for metformin in the treatment of hepatic steatosis?. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2019, 21:749-60. 10.1111\/dom.13592","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2713","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of anti-diabetic agents on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized studies","volume":"32","author":"Tang W","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tang W, Xu Q, Hong T, et al.. Comparative efficacy of anti-diabetic agents on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized studies. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2016, 32:200-16. 10.1002\/dmrr.2713","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.71730","article-title":"Metformin: beyond type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"16","author":"Ahmad R","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ahmad R, Haque M. Metformin: beyond type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cureus. 2024, 16:e71730. 10.7759\/cureus.71730","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-023-03586-1","article-title":"The role of anti-diabetic drugs in NAFLD. Have we found the Holy Grail? A narrative review","volume":"80","author":"Zachou M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zachou M, Flevari P, Nasiri-Ansari N, et al.. The role of anti-diabetic drugs in NAFLD. Have we found the Holy Grail? A narrative review. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2024, 80:127-50. 10.1007\/s00228-023-03586-1","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/mr-2024-0007","article-title":"Hormone-based pharmacotherapy for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease","volume":"4","author":"Chui ZS","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chui ZS, Xue Y, Xu A. Hormone-based pharmacotherapy for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. Med Rev (2021). 2024, 4:158-68. 10.1515\/mr-2024-0007","journal-title":"Med Rev (2021)"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb47010051","article-title":"Triterpenoids from Chios Mastiha resin against MASLD-a molecular docking survey","volume":"47","author":"Milo\u0161evi\u0107 N","year":"2025","unstructured":"Milo\u0161evi\u0107 N, Milanovi\u0107 M, Medi\u0107 Stojanoska M, et al.. Triterpenoids from Chios Mastiha resin against MASLD-a molecular docking survey. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2025, 47:10.3390\/cimb47010051","journal-title":"Curr Issues Mol Biol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1027484","article-title":"Correlation between long-term use of metformin and incidence of NAFLD among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A real-world cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Huang KH","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang KH, Lee CH, Cheng YD, et al.. Correlation between long-term use of metformin and incidence of NAFLD among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A real-world cohort study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022, 13:1027484. 10.3389\/fendo.2022.1027484","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40842-020-00097-1","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes: where do Diabetologists stand?","volume":"6","author":"Tomah S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tomah S, Alkhouri N, Hamdy O. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes: where do Diabetologists stand?. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020, 6:9. 10.1186\/s40842-020-00097-1","journal-title":"Clin Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12175597","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: screening, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"12","author":"Ciardullo S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ciardullo S, Vergani M, Perseghin G. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: screening, diagnosis, and treatment. J Clin Med. 2023, 12:10.3390\/jcm12175597","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Diagnosis of fibrosis and cirrhosis using liver stiffness measurement in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"51","author":"Wong VWS","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wong VWS, Vergniol J . Diagnosis of fibrosis and cirrhosis using liver stiffness measurement in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2010, 51:454-462.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.12.031","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of noninvasive fibrosis models to detect change in fibrosis stage","volume":"17","author":"Siddiqui MS","year":"2019","unstructured":"Siddiqui MS, Yamada G, Vuppalanchi R, et al.. Diagnostic accuracy of noninvasive fibrosis models to detect change in fibrosis stage. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019, 17:1877-1885.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"EASL-ALEH Clinical Practice Guidelines: Non-invasive tests for evaluation of liver disease severity and prognosis","volume":"63","author":"European Association for Study of Liver","year":"2015","unstructured":"European Association for Study of Liver. EASL-ALEH Clinical Practice Guidelines: Non-invasive tests for evaluation of liver disease severity and prognosis. J Hepatol. 2015, 63:237-264.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(22)00070-5","article-title":"Effect of tirzepatide versus insulin degludec on liver fat content and abdominal adipose tissue in people with type 2 diabetes (SURPASS-3 MRI): a substudy of the randomised, open-label, parallel-group, phase 3 SURPASS-3 trial","volume":"10","author":"Gastaldelli A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gastaldelli A, Cusi K, Fern\u00e1ndez Land\u00f3 L, et al.. Effect of tirzepatide versus insulin degludec on liver fat content and abdominal adipose tissue in people with type 2 diabetes (SURPASS-3 MRI): a substudy of the randomised, open-label, parallel-group, phase 3 SURPASS-3 trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2022, 10:393-406.","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mric.2014.05.001","article-title":"Magnetic resonance elastography of liver","volume":"22","author":"Venkatesh SK","year":"2014","unstructured":"Venkatesh SK, Ehman RL. Magnetic resonance elastography of liver. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2014, 22:433-46. 10.1016\/j.mric.2014.05.001","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc23-ad09","article-title":"Addendum. 4. Comprehensive medical evaluation and assessment of comorbidities: standards of care in diabetes-2023","volume":"46","author":"ElSayed NA","year":"2023","unstructured":"ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, Aroda VR, et al.. Addendum. 4. Comprehensive medical evaluation and assessment of comorbidities: standards of care in diabetes-2023. Diabetes Care. 2023, 46:1718-20. 10.2337\/dc23-ad09","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2019.12.007","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of anti-hyperglycaemic drugs in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with or without diabetes: An updated systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"46","author":"Mantovani A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mantovani A, Byrne CD, Scorletti E, et al.. Efficacy and safety of anti-hyperglycaemic drugs in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with or without diabetes: An updated systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Metab. 2020, 46:427-41. 10.1016\/j.diabet.2019.12.007","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2028395","article-title":"A placebo-controlled trial of subcutaneous semaglutide in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"384","author":"Newsome PN","year":"2021","unstructured":"Newsome PN, Buchholtz K, Cusi K, et al.. A placebo-controlled trial of subcutaneous semaglutide in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. N Engl J Med. 2021, 384:1113-24. 10.1056\/NEJMoa2028395","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/392719-impact-of-metformin-use-on-liver-function-tests-in-diabetic-patients-with-suspected-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-nafld-a-cross-sectional-analysis","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T07:17:54Z","timestamp":1755760674000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/392719-impact-of-metformin-use-on-liver-function-tests-in-diabetic-patients-with-suspected-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-nafld-a-cross-sectional-analysis"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"references-count":20,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.90635","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2168-8184"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]}}}