{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T17:10:15Z","timestamp":1759165815229,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.93501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T16:49:04Z","timestamp":1759164544000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nonoperative Management of a Major Traumatic Hepatic Injury in a Five-Year-Old Boy"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Saud","family":"Aljadaan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meral","family":"Alzimam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"AlMatar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulaziz A","family":"Alkoblan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13017-020-00302-7","article-title":"Liver trauma: WSES 2020 guidelines","volume":"15","author":"Coccolini F","year":"2020","unstructured":"Coccolini F, Coimbra R, Ordonez C, et al.. Liver trauma: WSES 2020 guidelines. World J Emerg Surg. 2020, 15:24. 10.1186\/s13017-020-00302-7","journal-title":"World J Emerg Surg"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/oalib.1105556","article-title":"Management of traumatic bile leakage","volume":"6","author":"Hashimoto N","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hashimoto N. Management of traumatic bile leakage. Open Access Library Journal. 2019, 6:1-5. 10.4236\/oalib.1105556","journal-title":"Open Access Library Journal"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3468(99)90378-0","article-title":"Management of pediatric liver injuries: a 13-year experience at a pediatric trauma center","volume":"34","author":"Gross M","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gross M, Lynch F, Canty T Sr, Peterson B, Spear R. Management of pediatric liver injuries: a 13-year experience at a pediatric trauma center. J Pediatr Surg. 1999, 34:811-6; discussion 816-7. 10.1016\/s0022-3468(99)90378-0","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199506000-00013","article-title":"Nonoperative management of blunt hepatic trauma is the treatment of choice for hemodynamically stable patients. Results of a prospective trial","volume":"221","author":"Croce MA","year":"1995","unstructured":"Croce MA, Fabian TC, Menke PG, et al.. Nonoperative management of blunt hepatic trauma is the treatment of choice for hemodynamically stable patients. Results of a prospective trial. Ann Surg. 1995, 221:744-53; discussion 753-5.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000197605.27190.2c","article-title":"Complications of nonoperative management of pediatric blunt hepatic injury: diagnosis, management, and outcomes","volume":"61","author":"Giss SR","year":"2006","unstructured":"Giss SR, Dobrilovic N, Brown RL, Garcia VF. Complications of nonoperative management of pediatric blunt hepatic injury: diagnosis, management, and outcomes. J Trauma. 2006, 61:334-9. 10.1097\/01.ta.0000197605.27190.2c","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198902000-00021","article-title":"Nonoperative management of blunt pediatric liver injury--late complications: case report","volume":"29","author":"MacGillivray DC","year":"1989","unstructured":"MacGillivray DC, Valentine RJ. Nonoperative management of blunt pediatric liver injury--late complications: case report. J Trauma. 1989, 29:251-4.","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(94)90512-6","article-title":"Endoscopic sphincterotomy in the management of posttraumatic biliary fistula","volume":"29","author":"Scioscia PJ","year":"1994","unstructured":"Scioscia PJ, Dillon PW, Cilley RE, Hoover WC, Krummel TM. Endoscopic sphincterotomy in the management of posttraumatic biliary fistula. J Pediatr Surg. 1994, 29:3-6. 10.1016\/0022-3468(94)90512-6","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2013.07.015","article-title":"Traumatic bile leaks from blunt liver injury in children: a multidisciplinary and minimally invasive approach to management","volume":"49","author":"Kulaylat AN","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kulaylat AN, Stokes AL, Engbrecht BW, McIntyre JS, Rzucidlo SE, Cilley RE. Traumatic bile leaks from blunt liver injury in children: a multidisciplinary and minimally invasive approach to management. J Pediatr Surg. 2014, 49:424-7. 10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2013.07.015","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2006.05.007","article-title":"Minimally invasive management of bile leaks after blunt liver trauma in children","volume":"41","author":"Castagnetti M","year":"2006","unstructured":"Castagnetti M, Houben C, Patel S, et al.. Minimally invasive management of bile leaks after blunt liver trauma in children. J Pediatr Surg. 2006, 41:1539-44. 10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2006.05.007","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.2012.147","article-title":"Successful nonoperative management of the most severe blunt liver injuries: a multicenter study of the Research Consortium of New England Centers for Trauma","volume":"147","author":"van der Wilden GM","year":"2012","unstructured":"van der Wilden GM, Velmahos GC, Emhoff T, et al.. Successful nonoperative management of the most severe blunt liver injuries: a multicenter study of the Research Consortium of New England Centers for Trauma. Arch Surg. 2012, 147:423-8. 10.1001\/archsurg.2012.147","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181ba361f","article-title":"Western Trauma Association critical decisions in trauma: nonoperative management of adult blunt hepatic trauma","volume":"67","author":"Kozar RA","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kozar RA, Moore FA, Moore EE, et al.. Western Trauma Association critical decisions in trauma: nonoperative management of adult blunt hepatic trauma. J Trauma. 2009, 67:1144-8; discussion 1148-9. 10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181ba361f","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Liver and biliary tract","author":"Fabian TC","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fabian TC, Bee TK. Liver and biliary tract. Trauma. Feliciano D, Mattox K, Moore E (ed): McGraw-Hill Medical, New York (NY); 2008. 851-70."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1710391","article-title":"Fifteen-year single-center experience of biliary complications in liver trauma patients: changes in the management of posttraumatic bile leak","volume":"31","author":"Stonelake S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stonelake S, Ali S, Pinkey B, et al.. Fifteen-year single-center experience of biliary complications in liver trauma patients: changes in the management of posttraumatic bile leak. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2021, 31:245-51. 10.1055\/s-0040-1710391","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04780.x","article-title":"Endoscopic management of traumatic hepatobiliary injuries","volume":"22","author":"Singh V","year":"2007","unstructured":"Singh V, Narasimhan KL, Verma GR, Singh G. Endoscopic management of traumatic hepatobiliary injuries. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007, 22:1205-9. 10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04780.x","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/752932","article-title":"Bile duct leaks from the intrahepatic biliary tree: a review of its etiology, incidence, and management","volume":"2012","author":"Kapoor S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kapoor S, Nundy S. Bile duct leaks from the intrahepatic biliary tree: a review of its etiology, incidence, and management. HPB Surg. 2012, 2012:752932. 10.1155\/2012\/752932","journal-title":"HPB Surg"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-009-0025-3","article-title":"ERCP in the management of biliary complications after cholecystectomy","volume":"11","author":"Pawa S","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pawa S, Al-Kawas FH. ERCP in the management of biliary complications after cholecystectomy. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2009, 11:160-6. 10.1007\/s11894-009-0025-3","journal-title":"Curr Gastroenterol Rep"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2006.01.057","article-title":"Traumatic pediatric bile duct injury: nonoperative intervention as an alternative to surgical intervention","volume":"41","author":"Almaramhi H","year":"2006","unstructured":"Almaramhi H, Al-Qahtani AR. Traumatic pediatric bile duct injury: nonoperative intervention as an alternative to surgical intervention. J Pediatr Surg. 2006, 41:943-5. 10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2006.01.057","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.343130011","article-title":"Biliary imaging: multimodality approach to imaging of biliary injuries and their complications","volume":"34","author":"Melamud K","year":"2014","unstructured":"Melamud K, LeBedis CA, Anderson SW, Soto JA. Biliary imaging: multimodality approach to imaging of biliary injuries and their complications. Radiographics. 2014, 34:613-23. 10.1148\/rg.343130011","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13355","article-title":"Prevention of perioperative venous thromboembolism in pediatric patients: guidelines from the Association of Paediatric Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland (APAGBI)","volume":"28","author":"Morgan J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Morgan J, Checketts M, Arana A, Chalmers E, Maclean J, Powis M, Morton N. Prevention of perioperative venous thromboembolism in pediatric patients: guidelines from the Association of Paediatric Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland (APAGBI). Paediatr Anaesth. 2018, 28:382-91. 10.1111\/pan.13355","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/345782-nonoperative-management-of-a-major-traumatic-hepatic-injury-in-a-five-year-old-boy","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T16:49:05Z","timestamp":1759164545000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/345782-nonoperative-management-of-a-major-traumatic-hepatic-injury-in-a-five-year-old-boy"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"references-count":19,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.93501","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]}}}