{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T14:24:25Z","timestamp":1782915865532,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.93607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T03:47:42Z","timestamp":1759290462000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Seasonality of Influenza and Optimizing Timing of Vaccination: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Padhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pritesh","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jagruti","family":"Chauhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhoomika","family":"Rajyaguru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuti","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anil","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayuri","family":"Bhise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashwini","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Influenza (seasonal). (2025). Accessed. October 1, 2025: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/influenza-(seasonal)."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10101675","article-title":"Influenza vaccination assessment according to a value-based health care approach","volume":"10","author":"Calabr\u00f2 GE","year":"2022","unstructured":"Calabr\u00f2 GE, D'Ambrosio F, Fallani E, Ricciardi W. Influenza vaccination assessment according to a value-based health care approach. Vaccines (Basel). 2022, 10:1675. 10.3390\/vaccines10101675","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-021-00534-3","article-title":"A systematic review of influenza epidemiology and surveillance in the Eastern Mediterranean and North African Region","volume":"11","author":"Soudani S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Soudani S, Mafi A, Al Mayahi Z, Al Balushi S, Dbaibo G, Al Awaidy S, Amiche A. A systematic review of influenza epidemiology and surveillance in the Eastern Mediterranean and North African Region. Infect Dis Ther. 2022, 11:15-52. 10.1007\/s40121-021-00534-3","journal-title":"Infect Dis Ther"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.13.124412","article-title":"Influenza seasonality and vaccination timing in tropical and subtropical areas of southern and south-eastern Asia","volume":"92","author":"Saha S","year":"2014","unstructured":"Saha S, Chadha M, Al Mamun A, et al.. Influenza seasonality and vaccination timing in tropical and subtropical areas of southern and south-eastern Asia. Bull World Health Organ. 2014, 92:318-30.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab045","article-title":"Waning vaccine effectiveness against influenza-associated hospitalizations among adults, 2015-2016 to 2018-2019, United States hospitalized adult influenza vaccine effectiveness network","volume":"73","author":"Ferdinands JM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ferdinands JM, Gaglani M, Martin ET, et al.. Waning vaccine effectiveness against influenza-associated hospitalizations among adults, 2015-2016 to 2018-2019, United States hospitalized adult influenza vaccine effectiveness network. Clin Infect Dis. 2021, 73:726-9. 10.1093\/cid\/ciab045","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10050714","article-title":"Influenza viruses and vaccines: the role of vaccine effectiveness studies for evaluation of the benefits of influenza vaccines","volume":"10","author":"Trombetta CM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Trombetta CM, Kistner O, Montomoli E, Viviani S, Marchi S. Influenza viruses and vaccines: the role of vaccine effectiveness studies for evaluation of the benefits of influenza vaccines. Vaccines (Basel). 2022, 10:714. 10.3390\/vaccines10050714","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30419-3","article-title":"Effectiveness of influenza vaccination on influenza-associated hospitalisations over time among children in Hong Kong: a test-negative case-control study","volume":"6","author":"Feng S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Feng S, Chiu SS, Chan EL, et al.. Effectiveness of influenza vaccination on influenza-associated hospitalisations over time among children in Hong Kong: a test-negative case-control study. Lancet Respir Med. 2018, 6:925-34. 10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30419-3","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003194","article-title":"Environmental predictors of seasonal influenza epidemics across temperate and tropical climates","volume":"9","author":"Tamerius JD","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tamerius JD, Shaman J, Alonso WJ, Bloom-Feshbach K, Uejio CK, Comrie A, Viboud C. Environmental predictors of seasonal influenza epidemics across temperate and tropical climates. PLoS Pathog. 2013, 9:e1003194. 10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003194","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.12.108837","article-title":"Performance of case definitions used for influenza surveillance among hospitalized patients in a rural area of India","volume":"90","author":"Hirve S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hirve S, Chadha M, Lele P, et al.. Performance of case definitions used for influenza surveillance among hospitalized patients in a rural area of India. Bull World Health Organ. 2012, 90:804-12.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-95085-9","article-title":"Acute effects of air pollutants on influenza-like illness in Hangzhou, China","volume":"15","author":"Lv Y","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lv Y, Xu H, Sun Z, et al.. Acute effects of air pollutants on influenza-like illness in Hangzhou, China. Sci Rep. 2025, 15:10410. 10.1038\/s41598-025-95085-9","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2019.1703455","article-title":"Influenza in temperate and tropical Asia: a review of epidemiology and vaccinology","volume":"16","author":"Young BE","year":"2020","unstructured":"Young BE, Chen M. Influenza in temperate and tropical Asia: a review of epidemiology and vaccinology. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020, 16:1659-67. 10.1080\/21645515.2019.1703455","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"WHO. Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2024-2025 northern hemisphere influenza season. World Health Organization. (2024). Accessed: September 29, 2025: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/m\/item\/recommended-composition-of-influenza-virus-vaccines-for-use-in-the-2024-2025-...."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2023.06.038","article-title":"Intraseasonal waning immunity of seasonal influenza vaccine - A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"41","author":"Doyon-Plourde P","year":"2023","unstructured":"Doyon-Plourde P, Przepiorkowski J, Young K, Zhao L, Sinilaite A. Intraseasonal waning immunity of seasonal influenza vaccine - A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vaccine. 2023, 41:4462-71. 10.1016\/j.vaccine.2023.06.038","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12372","article-title":"Divergent seasonal patterns of influenza types A and B across latitude gradient in Tropical Asia","volume":"10","author":"Saha S","year":"2016","unstructured":"Saha S, Chadha M, Shu Y. Divergent seasonal patterns of influenza types A and B across latitude gradient in Tropical Asia. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2016, 10:176-84. 10.1111\/irv.12372","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(22)00212-1","article-title":"Seasonality of influenza and coseasonality with avian influenza in Bangladesh, 2010-19: a retrospective, time-series analysis","volume":"10","author":"Berry I","year":"2022","unstructured":"Berry I, Rahman M, Flora MS, et al.. Seasonality of influenza and coseasonality with avian influenza in Bangladesh, 2010-19: a retrospective, time-series analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2022, 10:e1150-8. 10.1016\/S2214-109X(22)00212-1","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)33293-2","article-title":"Estimates of global seasonal influenza-associated respiratory mortality: a modelling study","volume":"391","author":"Iuliano AD","year":"2018","unstructured":"Iuliano AD, Roguski KM, Chang HH, et al.. Estimates of global seasonal influenza-associated respiratory mortality: a modelling study. Lancet. 2018, 391:1285-300. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)33293-2","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2010.140431","article-title":"Differences in influenza seasonality by latitude, northern India","volume":"20","author":"Koul PA","year":"2014","unstructured":"Koul PA, Broor S, Saha S, et al.. Differences in influenza seasonality by latitude, northern India. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014, 20:1723-6. 10.3201\/eid2010.140431","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"WHO: Vaccines against influenza: WHO position paper - November 2012","volume":"87(47)","year":"2012","unstructured":"WHO. Vaccines against influenza: WHO position paper - November 2012. Weekly Epidemiol Rec. 2012, 87(47):461-76.","journal-title":"Weekly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-18694-5","article-title":"Public health and economic benefits of seasonal influenza vaccination in risk groups in France, Italy, Spain and the UK: state of play and perspectives","volume":"24","author":"de Fougerolles TR","year":"2024","unstructured":"de Fougerolles TR, Ba\u00efssas T, Perquier G, et al.. Public health and economic benefits of seasonal influenza vaccination in risk groups in France, Italy, Spain and the UK: state of play and perspectives. BMC Public Health. 2024, 24:1222. 10.1186\/s12889-024-18694-5","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page MJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al.. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021, 372:n71. 10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 6.3 (updated February)","author":"Higgins JP","year":"2022","unstructured":"Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (eds). Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 6.3 (updated February). Cochrane, 2022."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne JAC","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sterne JAC, Savovic J, Page MJ, et al.. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. 2019, 366:l4898. 10.1136\/bmj.l4898","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. (2000). Accessed. October 1, 2025: https:\/\/www.ohri.ca\/programs\/clinical_epidemiology\/oxford.asp."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins JP","year":"2003","unstructured":"Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ. 2003, 327:557-60. 10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2200956","article-title":"Distinct functional humoral immune responses are induced after live attenuated and inactivated seasonal influenza vaccination","volume":"212","author":"Tong X","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tong X, Deng Y, Cizmeci D, et al.. Distinct functional humoral immune responses are induced after live attenuated and inactivated seasonal influenza vaccination. J Immunol. 2024, 212:24-34. 10.4049\/jimmunol.2200956","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2021.1885278","article-title":"Immunogenicity and safety of two quadrivalent influenza vaccines in healthy adult and elderly participants in India - A phase III, active-controlled, randomized clinical study","volume":"18","author":"Basu I","year":"2022","unstructured":"Basu I, Agarwal M, Shah V, et al.. Immunogenicity and safety of two quadrivalent influenza vaccines in healthy adult and elderly participants in India - A phase III, active-controlled, randomized clinical study. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2022, 18:1-10. 10.1080\/21645515.2021.1885278","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30079-8","article-title":"Efficacy of inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine in rural India: a 3-year cluster-randomised controlled trial","volume":"7","author":"Sullender WM","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sullender WM, Fowler KB, Gupta V, et al.. Efficacy of inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine in rural India: a 3-year cluster-randomised controlled trial. Lancet Glob Health. 2019, 7:e940-50. 10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30079-8","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003609","article-title":"Efficacy of live attenuated and inactivated influenza vaccines among children in rural India: A 2-year, randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"18","author":"Krishnan A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Krishnan A, Dar L, Saha S, et al.. Efficacy of live attenuated and inactivated influenza vaccines among children in rural India: A 2-year, randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial. PLoS Med. 2021, 18:e1003609. 10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003609","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2015.1012004","article-title":"Safety and immunogenicity of influenza whole inactivated virus vaccines: A phase I randomized clinical trial","volume":"11","author":"van Boxtel RA","year":"2015","unstructured":"van Boxtel RA, Verdijk P, de Boer OJ, van Riet E, Mensinga TT, Luytjes W. Safety and immunogenicity of influenza whole inactivated virus vaccines: A phase I randomized clinical trial. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2015, 11:983-90. 10.1080\/21645515.2015.1012004","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piw068","article-title":"Time to change dosing of inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine in young children: evidence from a phase III, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"6","author":"Jain VK","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jain VK, Domachowske JB, Wang L, et al.. Time to change dosing of inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine in young children: evidence from a phase III, randomized, controlled trial. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2017, 6:9-19. 10.1093\/jpids\/piw068","journal-title":"J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.30468","article-title":"Optimal timing of influenza vaccination during 3-week cytotoxic chemotherapy cycles","volume":"123","author":"Keam B","year":"2017","unstructured":"Keam B, Kim MK, Choi Y, et al.. Optimal timing of influenza vaccination during 3-week cytotoxic chemotherapy cycles. Cancer. 2017, 123:841-8. 10.1002\/cncr.30468","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmm.IJMM_18_272","article-title":"A study of influenza 2017-2018 outbreak in Andhra Pradesh, India","volume":"36","author":"Mudhigeti N","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mudhigeti N, Racherla RG, Mahalakshmi PA, Pamireddy ML, Nallapireddy U, Kante M, Kalawat U. A study of influenza 2017-2018 outbreak in Andhra Pradesh, India. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2018, 36:526-31. 10.4103\/ijmm.IJMM_18_272","journal-title":"Indian J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2022.2104527","article-title":"Immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of an inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine in children and adolescents 6 months through 17 years of age in India","volume":"18","author":"Kalappanavar NK","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kalappanavar NK, Ghosh A, Sharma M, et al.. Immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of an inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine in children and adolescents 6 months through 17 years of age in India. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2022, 18:2104527. 10.1080\/21645515.2022.2104527","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-024-01395-8","article-title":"An 8-year prospective, observational, multi-centre post-marketing safety surveillance study conducted in South Korea (2014-2022) following the introduction of GSK\u2019s inactivated quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (Fluarix Tetra) for subjects aged 6 months and older","volume":"47","author":"Dos Santos G","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dos Santos G, Devadiga R, Kim CS, Bang J. An 8-year prospective, observational, multi-centre post-marketing safety surveillance study conducted in South Korea (2014-2022) following the introduction of GSK\u2019s inactivated quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (Fluarix Tetra) for subjects aged 6 months and older. Drug Saf. 2024, 47:365-75. 10.1007\/s40264-024-01395-8","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2018.1441654","article-title":"Immunogenicity and safety of the first indigenously developed Indian tetravalent influenza vaccine (split virion) in healthy adults \u2265 18\u00a0years of age: A randomized, multicenter, phase II \/ III clinical trial","volume":"14","author":"Sharma S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sharma S, Singh VB, Kumar S, et al.. Immunogenicity and safety of the first indigenously developed Indian tetravalent influenza vaccine (split virion) in healthy adults \u2265 18\u00a0years of age: A randomized, multicenter, phase II \/ III clinical trial. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018, 14:1362-9. 10.1080\/21645515.2018.1441654","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2019.1697595","article-title":"Immunogenicity and safety of a multi-dose quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in individuals aged 6 months to 17 years: a randomized phase III trial","volume":"16","author":"Ojeda J","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ojeda J, Arredondo JL, Salcedo P, et al.. Immunogenicity and safety of a multi-dose quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in individuals aged 6 months to 17 years: a randomized phase III trial. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020, 16:1380-4. 10.1080\/21645515.2019.1697595","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr7202a1","article-title":"Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices\u2014United States, 2023-24 influenza season","volume":"72","author":"Grohskopf LA","year":"2023","unstructured":"Grohskopf LA, Blanton LH, Ferdinands JM, Chung JR, Broder KR, Talbot HK. Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices\u2014United States, 2023-24 influenza season. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2023, 72:1-25. 10.15585\/mmwr.rr7202a1","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)00129-8","article-title":"Variable influenza vaccine effectiveness by subtype: a systematic review and meta-analysis of test-negative design studies","volume":"16","author":"Belongia EA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Belongia EA, Simpson MD, King JP, Sundaram ME, Kelley NS, Osterholm MT, McLean HQ. Variable influenza vaccine effectiveness by subtype: a systematic review and meta-analysis of test-negative design studies. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016, 16:942-51. 10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)00129-8","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.06.083","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of live attenuated influenza vaccine in children 2-7 years of age","volume":"26 Suppl 4","author":"Belshe RB","year":"2008","unstructured":"Belshe RB, Ambrose CS, Yi T. Safety and efficacy of live attenuated influenza vaccine in children 2-7 years of age. Vaccine. 2008, 26 Suppl 4:D10-6. 10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.06.083","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn259","article-title":"Estimating influenza vaccine efficacy from challenge and community-based study data","volume":"168","author":"Basta NE","year":"2008","unstructured":"Basta NE, Halloran ME, Matrajt L, Longini IM Jr. Estimating influenza vaccine efficacy from challenge and community-based study data. Am J Epidemiol. 2008, 168:1343-52. 10.1093\/aje\/kwn259","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2024.2376821","article-title":"Effectiveness of influenza vaccine among the population in Chongqing, China, 2018-2022: A test negative design-based evaluation","volume":"20","author":"Yang S","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang S, Wang Q, Li T, et al.. Effectiveness of influenza vaccine among the population in Chongqing, China, 2018-2022: A test negative design-based evaluation. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2024, 20:2376821. 10.1080\/21645515.2024.2376821","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7406a2","article-title":"Interim estimates of 2024-2025 seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness - four vaccine effectiveness networks, United States, October 2024-February 2025","volume":"74","author":"Frutos AM","year":"2025","unstructured":"Frutos AM, Cleary S, Reeves EL, et al.. Interim estimates of 2024-2025 seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness - four vaccine effectiveness networks, United States, October 2024-February 2025. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2025, 74:83-90. 10.15585\/mmwr.mm7406a2","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124122","article-title":"Dynamics of influenza seasonality at sub-regional levels in India and implications for vaccination timing","volume":"10","author":"Chadha MS","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chadha MS, Potdar VA, Saha S, et al.. Dynamics of influenza seasonality at sub-regional levels in India and implications for vaccination timing. PLoS One. 2015, 10:e0124122. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0124122","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_741_24","article-title":"IAPSM's position paper on influenza vaccines for adult immunization in India","volume":"49","author":"Sharma N","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sharma N, Verma M, Goel K, et al.. IAPSM's position paper on influenza vaccines for adult immunization in India. Indian J Community Med. 2024, 49:S146-52. 10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_741_24","journal-title":"Indian J Community Med"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.27490","article-title":"Effectiveness of an Indian-made attenuated influenza A(H1N1)pdm 2009 vaccine: a case control study","volume":"10","author":"Kulkarni PS","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kulkarni PS, Agarkhedkar S, Lalwani S, et al.. Effectiveness of an Indian-made attenuated influenza A(H1N1)pdm 2009 vaccine: a case control study. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2014, 10:566-71. 10.4161\/hv.27490","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/384683-seasonality-of-influenza-and-optimizing-timing-of-vaccination-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T03:47:45Z","timestamp":1759290465000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/384683-seasonality-of-influenza-and-optimizing-timing-of-vaccination-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"references-count":45,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.93607","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]}}}