{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T18:19:46Z","timestamp":1780510786146,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.94677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T04:52:15Z","timestamp":1760590335000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Unique Gender-Related Characteristics and Differences of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients in Azerbaijan: A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Aytan","family":"Shirinova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chingiz","family":"Asadov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aypara","family":"Hasanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zohra","family":"Alimirzoyeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0167-5273(02)00563-6","article-title":"Acute myocardial infarction: differing preinfarction and clinical features according to infarct site and gender","volume":"90","author":"\u010culi\u0107 V","year":"2003","unstructured":"\u010culi\u0107 V, Miri\u0107 D, Juki\u0107 I. Acute myocardial infarction: differing preinfarction and clinical features according to infarct site and gender. Int J Cardiol. 2003, 90:189-96. 10.1016\/s0167-5273(02)00563-6","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0959-8049(98)00324-4","article-title":"The prognostic role of gender in survival of adult cancer patients: EUROCARE Working Group","volume":"35","author":"Micheli A","year":"1999","unstructured":"Micheli A, Mariotto A, Giorgi Rossi A. The prognostic role of gender in survival of adult cancer patients: EUROCARE Working Group. Eur J Cancer. 1999, 35:1683-90. 10.1016\/s0959-8049(98)00324-4","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10428190310001646022","article-title":"Prognostic factors in Hodgkin's disease","volume":"45","author":"Provencio M","year":"2004","unstructured":"Provencio M, Espa\u00f1a P, Mill\u00e1n I, et al.. Prognostic factors in Hodgkin's disease. Leuk Lymphoma. 2004, 45:1133-9. 10.1080\/10428190310001646022","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"The politics of gender and global health","author":"Hawkes S","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hawkes S, Buse K. The politics of gender and global health. The Oxford Handbook of Global Health Politics. McInnes C, Lee K, Youde J (ed): Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019. 236-62."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2024-210443","article-title":"Global trends of burden of chronic myeloid leukemia based on socio-demographic index (SDI): a comparative epidemiological study","volume":"144","author":"Chaulagain P","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chaulagain P, Poudel A, Aryal S, Sainatham C, Lutfi F. Global trends of burden of chronic myeloid leukemia based on socio-demographic index (SDI): a comparative epidemiological study. Blood. 2024, 144:7918. 10.1182\/blood-2024-210443","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-07-103523","article-title":"Favorable long-term follow-up results over 6 years for response, survival, and safety with imatinib mesylate therapy in chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia after failure of interferon-alpha treatment","volume":"111","author":"Hochhaus A","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hochhaus A, Druker B, Sawyers C, et al.. Favorable long-term follow-up results over 6 years for response, survival, and safety with imatinib mesylate therapy in chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia after failure of interferon-alpha treatment. Blood. 2008, 111:1039-43. 10.1182\/blood-2007-07-103523","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403756","article-title":"Gender aspects in chronic myeloid leukemia: long-term results from randomized studies","volume":"19","author":"Berger U","year":"2005","unstructured":"Berger U, Maywald O, Pfirrmann M, et al.. Gender aspects in chronic myeloid leukemia: long-term results from randomized studies. Leukemia. 2005, 19:984-9. 10.1038\/sj.leu.2403756","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.25306","article-title":"Tyrosine kinase inhibitor interruptions, discontinuations and switching in patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia in routine clinical practice: SIMPLICITY","volume":"94","author":"Hehlmann R","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hehlmann R, Cortes JE, Zyczynski T, et al.. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor interruptions, discontinuations and switching in patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia in routine clinical practice: SIMPLICITY. Am J Hematol. 2019, 94:46-54. 10.1002\/ajh.25306","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2015.261","article-title":"Prognosis of long-term survival considering disease-specific death in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"30","author":"Pfirrmann M","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pfirrmann M, Baccarani M, Saussele S, et al.. Prognosis of long-term survival considering disease-specific death in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Leukemia. 2016, 30:48-56. 10.1038\/leu.2015.261","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11899-019-00543-7","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors","volume":"14","author":"Yaghmaie M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yaghmaie M, Yeung CC. Molecular mechanisms of resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Curr Hematol Malig Rep. 2019, 14:395-404. 10.1007\/s11899-019-00543-7","journal-title":"Curr Hematol Malig Rep"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-020-00921-7","article-title":"Effect of cytochrome P450 and ABCB1 polymorphisms on imatinib pharmacokinetics after single-dose administration to healthy subjects","volume":"40","author":"Pena M\u00c1","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pena M\u00c1, Muriel J, Saiz-Rodr\u00edguez M, Borobia AM, Abad-Santos F, Fr\u00edas J, Peir\u00f3 AM. Effect of cytochrome P450 and ABCB1 polymorphisms on imatinib pharmacokinetics after single-dose administration to healthy subjects. Clin Drug Investig. 2020, 40:617-28. 10.1007\/s40261-020-00921-7","journal-title":"Clin Drug Investig"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-020-0776-2","article-title":"European LeukemiaNet 2020 recommendations for treating chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"34","author":"Hochhaus A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hochhaus A, Baccarani M, Silver RT, et al.. European LeukemiaNet 2020 recommendations for treating chronic myeloid leukemia. Leukemia. 2020, 34:966-84. 10.1038\/s41375-020-0776-2","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2011.052456","article-title":"Estradiol increases hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells independent of its actions on bone","volume":"97","author":"Illing A","year":"2012","unstructured":"Illing A, Liu P, Ostermay S, et al.. Estradiol increases hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells independent of its actions on bone. Haematologica. 2012, 97:1131-5. 10.3324\/haematol.2011.052456","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Epidemiology of leukemias in Azerbaijan","volume":"183","author":"Asadov CH","year":"2012","unstructured":"Asadov CH, Alimirzoyev Z, Karimov A. Epidemiology of leukemias in Azerbaijan. National Hematology and Blood Transfusion Center. 2012, 183:","journal-title":"National Hematology and Blood Transfusion Center"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2014.11.002","article-title":"Estrogen signaling selectively induces apoptosis of hematopoietic progenitors and myeloid neoplasms without harming steady-state hematopoiesis","volume":"15","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Aguilera A","year":"2014","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Aguilera A, Arranz L, Mart\u00edn-P\u00e9rez D, et al.. Estrogen signaling selectively induces apoptosis of hematopoietic progenitors and myeloid neoplasms without harming steady-state hematopoiesis. Cell Stem Cell. 2014, 15:791-804. 10.1016\/j.stem.2014.11.002","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23723556.2015.1009728","article-title":"Regulation of hematopoietic progenitors by estrogens as a basis for new antileukemic strategies","volume":"3","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Aguilera A","year":"2016","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Aguilera A, M\u00e9ndez-Ferrer S. Regulation of hematopoietic progenitors by estrogens as a basis for new antileukemic strategies. Mol Cell Oncol. 2016, 3:e1009728. 10.1080\/23723556.2015.1009728","journal-title":"Mol Cell Oncol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2015.73","article-title":"The EUTOS population-based registry: incidence and clinical characteristics of 2904 CML patients in 20 European Countries","volume":"29","author":"Hoffmann VS","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hoffmann VS, Baccarani M, Hasford J, et al.. The EUTOS population-based registry: incidence and clinical characteristics of 2904 CML patients in 20 European Countries. Leukemia. 2015, 29:1336-43. 10.1038\/leu.2015.73","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/tjh.2013.0151","article-title":"Turkish Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Study: retrospective sectional analysis of CML patients","volume":"30","author":"Sahin F","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sahin F, Saydam G, C\u00f6mert M, et al.. Turkish Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Study: retrospective sectional analysis of CML patients. Turk J Haematol. 2013, 30:351-8. 10.4274\/tjh.2013.0151","journal-title":"Turk J Haematol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/GO.21.00194","article-title":"Magnitude and temporal trend of chronic myeloid leukemia: on the basis of the Global Burden of Disease 2019","volume":"7","author":"Hu Y","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hu Y, Li Q, Hou M, Peng J, Yang X, Xu S. Magnitude and temporal trend of chronic myeloid leukemia: on the basis of the Global Burden of Disease 2019. JCO Glob Oncol. 2021, 7:1429-41. 10.1200\/GO.21.00194","journal-title":"JCO Glob Oncol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-8722-2-30","article-title":"Gender and ethnic differences in chronic myelogenous leukemia prognosis and treatment response: a single-institution retrospective study","volume":"2","author":"Lee JP","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lee JP, Birnstein E, Masiello D, Yang D, Yang AS. Gender and ethnic differences in chronic myelogenous leukemia prognosis and treatment response: a single-institution retrospective study. J Hematol Oncol. 2009, 2:30. 10.1186\/1756-8722-2-30","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2005.06.052","article-title":"Platelet counts differ by sex, ethnicity, and age in the United States","volume":"16","author":"Segal JB","year":"2006","unstructured":"Segal JB, Moliterno AR. Platelet counts differ by sex, ethnicity, and age in the United States. Ann Epidemiol. 2006, 16:123-30. 10.1016\/j.annepidem.2005.06.052","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.35248\/2167-0501.19.8.263","article-title":"Sex and major molecular response to imatinib treatment for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"8","author":"Nachi M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nachi M, Kihel I, Guella D, et al.. Sex and major molecular response to imatinib treatment for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Biochem Pharmacol. 2019, 8:263. 10.35248\/2167-0501.19.8.263","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.12597","article-title":"Gender and BCR-ABL transcript type are correlated with molecular response to imatinib treatment in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"96","author":"Lin HX","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lin HX, Sjaarda J, Dyck J, et al.. Gender and BCR-ABL transcript type are correlated with molecular response to imatinib treatment in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Eur J Haematol. 2016, 96:360-6. 10.1111\/ejh.12597","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29309\/TPMJ\/2023.30.10.7588","article-title":"Imatinib resistance in CML and its association with age & gender","volume":"30","author":"Khan A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Khan A, Hakim Z, Waheed A, Ibrar N, Afzal A, Munir A. Imatinib resistance in CML and its association with age & gender. Pak Med J. 2023, 30:10.29309\/TPMJ\/2023.30.10.7588","journal-title":"Pak Med J"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/pore.2023.1611518","article-title":"Spectrum of BCR-ABL mutations in Azerbaijanian imatinib-resistant patients with chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"29","author":"Hasanova A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hasanova A, Asadov C, Karimova N, Shirinova A, Aliyeva G, Alimirzoyeva Z. Spectrum of BCR-ABL mutations in Azerbaijanian imatinib-resistant patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Pathol Oncol Res. 2023, 29:1611518. 10.3389\/pore.2023.1611518","journal-title":"Pathol Oncol Res"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31557\/apjcc.2021.6.1.35-39","article-title":"Chromosomal aberrations in chronic myeloid leukemia: response to conventional TKIs and risk of blastic transformation","volume":"6","author":"Maqsood S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Maqsood S, Ali F, Hameed A, Siddiqui N. Chromosomal aberrations in chronic myeloid leukemia: response to conventional TKIs and risk of blastic transformation. Asian Pac J Cancer Care. 2021, 6:35-9. 10.31557\/apjcc.2021.6.1.35-39","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Care"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03602530902843483","article-title":"Polymorphism of human cytochrome P450 enzymes and its clinical impact","volume":"41","author":"Zhou SF","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhou SF, Liu JP, Chowbay B. Polymorphism of human cytochrome P450 enzymes and its clinical impact. Drug Metab Rev. 2009, 41:89-295. 10.1080\/03602530902843483","journal-title":"Drug Metab Rev"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_1103_22","article-title":"Association of CYP3A5(*)3, CYP3A4(*)18 & CYP2B6(*)6 polymorphisms with imatinib treatment outcome in Azerbaijani chronic myeloid leukaemia patients","volume":"158","author":"Asadov C","year":"2023","unstructured":"Asadov C, Karimova N, Hasanova A, Bayramov B, Shirinova A, Alimirzoyeva Z. Association of CYP3A5(*)3, CYP3A4(*)18 & CYP2B6(*)6 polymorphisms with imatinib treatment outcome in Azerbaijani chronic myeloid leukaemia patients. Indian J Med Res. 2023, 158:151-60. 10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_1103_22","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-09-2896","article-title":"Detection of BCR-ABL mutations in patients with CML treated with imatinib is virtually always accompanied by clinical resistance, and mutations in the ATP phosphate-binding loop (P-loop) are associated with a poor prognosis","volume":"102","author":"Branford S","year":"2003","unstructured":"Branford S, Rudzki Z, Walsh S, et al.. Detection of BCR-ABL mutations in patients with CML treated with imatinib is virtually always accompanied by clinical resistance, and mutations in the ATP phosphate-binding loop (P-loop) are associated with a poor prognosis. Blood. 2003, 102:276-83. 10.1182\/blood-2002-09-2896","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-12-326405","article-title":"BCR-ABL kinase domain mutation analysis in chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors: recommendations from an expert panel on behalf of European LeukemiaNet","volume":"118","author":"Soverini S","year":"2011","unstructured":"Soverini S, Hochhaus A, Nicolini FE, et al.. BCR-ABL kinase domain mutation analysis in chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors: recommendations from an expert panel on behalf of European LeukemiaNet. Blood. 2011, 118:1208-15. 10.1182\/blood-2010-12-326405","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-013-1634-1","article-title":"Impact of CYP polymorphisms, ethnicity and sex differences in metabolism on dosing strategies: the case of efavirenz","volume":"70","author":"Naidoo P","year":"2014","unstructured":"Naidoo P, Chetty VV, Chetty M. Impact of CYP polymorphisms, ethnicity and sex differences in metabolism on dosing strategies: the case of efavirenz. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2014, 70:379-89. 10.1007\/s00228-013-1634-1","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3332\/ecancer.2016.679","article-title":"Prognostic and predictive implications of Sokal, Euro and EUTOS scores in chronic myeloid leukaemia in the imatinib era-experience from a tertiary oncology centre in Southern India","volume":"10","author":"Kuntegowdanahalli LC","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kuntegowdanahalli LC, Kanakasetty GB, Thanky AH, et al.. Prognostic and predictive implications of Sokal, Euro and EUTOS scores in chronic myeloid leukaemia in the imatinib era-experience from a tertiary oncology centre in Southern India. Ecancermedicalscience. 2016, 10:679. 10.3332\/ecancer.2016.679","journal-title":"Ecancermedicalscience"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1609324","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of imatinib treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"376","author":"Hochhaus A","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hochhaus A, Larson RA, Guilhot F, et al.. Long-term outcomes of imatinib treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2017, 376:917-27. 10.1056\/NEJMoa1609324","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12362","article-title":"Pharmacogenomics, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: interaction with biological differences between men and women","volume":"171","author":"Franconi F","year":"2014","unstructured":"Franconi F, Campesi I. Pharmacogenomics, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: interaction with biological differences between men and women. Br J Pharmacol. 2014, 171:580-94. 10.1111\/bph.12362","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/421722-unique-gender-related-characteristics-and-differences-of-chronic-myeloid-leukemia-patients-in-azerbaijan-a-retrospective-cohort-study","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T04:52:19Z","timestamp":1760590339000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/421722-unique-gender-related-characteristics-and-differences-of-chronic-myeloid-leukemia-patients-in-azerbaijan-a-retrospective-cohort-study"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"references-count":34,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.94677","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]}}}