{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T16:40:10Z","timestamp":1777480810014,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.94935","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T21:08:41Z","timestamp":1760908121000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Multiple Small Bowel and Colonic Perforations Secondary to Cytomegalovirus Infection in a Newly Diagnosed AIDS Patient"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Liana","family":"Saleh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Omar R","family":"Zayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca D","family":"Savona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mbaga","family":"Walusimbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/652438","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence in the United States: the national health and nutrition examination surveys, 1988-2004","volume":"50","author":"Bate SL","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bate SL, Dollard SC, Cannon MJ. Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence in the United States: the national health and nutrition examination surveys, 1988-2004. Clin Infect Dis. 2010, 50:1439-47. 10.1086\/652438","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2022.05.034","article-title":"Comparative clinical manifestations and immune effects of cytomegalovirus infections following distinct types of immunosuppression","volume":"28","author":"Ong DS","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ong DS, Chong GM, Chemaly RF, Cremer OL. Comparative clinical manifestations and immune effects of cytomegalovirus infections following distinct types of immunosuppression. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2022, 28:1335-44. 10.1016\/j.cmi.2022.05.034","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus infection in patients with AIDS","volume":"14","author":"Drew WL","year":"1992","unstructured":"Drew WL. Cytomegalovirus infection in patients with AIDS. Clin Infect Dis. 1992, 14:608-15.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v14020352","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus diseases of the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"14","author":"Yeh PJ","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yeh PJ, Wu RC, Chiu CT, et al.. Cytomegalovirus diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Viruses. 2022, 14:352. 10.3390\/v14020352","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000479232","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus disease of the upper gastrointestinal tract: a 10-year retrospective study","volume":"24","author":"Marques S","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marques S, Carmo J, Pinto D, Bispo M, Ramos S, Chagas C. Cytomegalovirus disease of the upper gastrointestinal tract: a 10-year retrospective study. GE Port J Gastroenterol. 2017, 24:262-8. 10.1159\/000479232","journal-title":"GE Port J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13099-021-00450-4","article-title":"Clinical manifestations, risk factors, and prognostic factors of cytomegalovirus enteritis","volume":"13","author":"Yeh PJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yeh PJ, Chiu CT, Lai MW, et al.. Clinical manifestations, risk factors, and prognostic factors of cytomegalovirus enteritis. Gut Pathog. 2021, 13:53. 10.1186\/s13099-021-00450-4","journal-title":"Gut Pathog"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198405000-00014","article-title":"Spontaneous colonic perforation secondary to cytomegalovirus in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Kram HB","year":"1984","unstructured":"Kram HB, Hino ST, Cohen RE, DeSantis SA, Shoemaker WC. Spontaneous colonic perforation secondary to cytomegalovirus in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Crit Care Med. 1984, 12:469-71. 10.1097\/00003246-198405000-00014","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02139220","article-title":"Intestinal perforation due to cytomegalovirus infection in patients with AIDS","volume":"33","author":"Kram HB","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kram HB, Shoemaker WC. Intestinal perforation due to cytomegalovirus infection in patients with AIDS. Dis Colon Rectum. 1990, 33:1037-40. 10.1007\/BF02139220","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Multiple small bowel perforations secondary to cytomegalovirus in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","volume":"35","author":"Houin HP","year":"1987","unstructured":"Houin HP, Gruenberg JC, Fisher EJ, Mezger E. Multiple small bowel perforations secondary to cytomegalovirus in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Henry Ford Hosp Med J. 1987, 35:17-19.","journal-title":"Henry Ford Hosp Med J"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-004-1160-2","article-title":"Retinal and extraocular cytomegalovirus end-organ disease in HIV-infected patients in Europe: a EuroSIDA study, 1994-2001","volume":"23","author":"Yust I","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yust I, Fox Z, Burke M, et al.. Retinal and extraocular cytomegalovirus end-organ disease in HIV-infected patients in Europe: a EuroSIDA study, 1994-2001. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2004, 23:550-9. 10.1007\/s10096-004-1160-2","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.03365.x","article-title":"Diarrhea and abnormalities of gastrointestinal function in a cohort of men and women with HIV infection","volume":"95","author":"Knox TA","year":"2000","unstructured":"Knox TA, Spiegelman D, Skinner SC, Gorbach S. Diarrhea and abnormalities of gastrointestinal function in a cohort of men and women with HIV infection. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000, 95:3482-9. 10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.03365.x","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Treating opportunistic infections among HIV-infected adults and adolescents: recommendations from CDC, the National Institutes of Health, and the HIV Medicine Association\/Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"53","author":"Benson CA","year":"2004","unstructured":"Benson CA, Kaplan JE, Masur H, et al.. Treating opportunistic infections among HIV-infected adults and adolescents: recommendations from CDC, the National Institutes of Health, and the HIV Medicine Association\/Infectious Diseases Society of America. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2004, 53:1-112.","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-005-1587-z","article-title":"Occurrence of gastrointestinal opportunistic disorders in AIDS despite the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"50","author":"M\u00f6nkem\u00fcller KE","year":"2005","unstructured":"M\u00f6nkem\u00fcller KE, Lazenby AJ, Lee DH, Loudon R, Wilcox CM. Occurrence of gastrointestinal opportunistic disorders in AIDS despite the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Dig Dis Sci. 2005, 50:230-4. 10.1007\/s10620-005-1587-z","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202249940","article-title":"Acute cytomegalovirus infection modulates the intestinal microbiota and targets intestinal epithelial cells","volume":"53","author":"Le-Trilling VT","year":"2023","unstructured":"Le-Trilling VT, Ebel JF, Baier F, et al.. Acute cytomegalovirus infection modulates the intestinal microbiota and targets intestinal epithelial cells. Eur J Immunol. 2023, 53:e2249940. 10.1002\/eji.202249940","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006202","article-title":"Replication of CMV in the gut of HIV-infected individuals and epithelial barrier dysfunction","volume":"13","author":"Maidji E","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maidji E, Somsouk M, Rivera JM, Hunt PW, Stoddart CA. Replication of CMV in the gut of HIV-infected individuals and epithelial barrier dysfunction. PLoS Pathog. 2017, 13:e1006202. 10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006202","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41385-018-0041-4","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus promotes intestinal macrophage-mediated mucosal inflammation through induction of Smad7","volume":"11","author":"Dennis EA","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dennis EA, Smythies LE, Grabski R, et al.. Cytomegalovirus promotes intestinal macrophage-mediated mucosal inflammation through induction of Smad7. Mucosal Immunol. 2018, 11:1694-704. 10.1038\/s41385-018-0041-4","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-018-3792-z","article-title":"Severe ischemic cytomegalovirus proctocolitis with multiple perforation","volume":"163","author":"D'cruz RT","year":"2018","unstructured":"D'cruz RT, Lau CC, Thamboo TP. Severe ischemic cytomegalovirus proctocolitis with multiple perforation. Arch Virol. 2018, 163:1927-31. 10.1007\/s00705-018-3792-z","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.2000.00676.x","article-title":"Human intestinal endothelium shows high susceptibility to cytomegalovirus and altered expression of adhesion molecules after infection","volume":"51","author":"Sindre H","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sindre H, Haraldsen G, Beck S, et al.. Human intestinal endothelium shows high susceptibility to cytomegalovirus and altered expression of adhesion molecules after infection. Scand J Immunol. 2000, 51:354-60. 10.1046\/j.1365-3083.2000.00676.x","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13017-021-00380-1","article-title":"Acute abdomen in the immunocompromised patient: WSES, SIS-E, WSIS, AAST, and GAIS guidelines","volume":"16","author":"Coccolini F","year":"2021","unstructured":"Coccolini F, Improta M, Sartelli M, et al.. Acute abdomen in the immunocompromised patient: WSES, SIS-E, WSIS, AAST, and GAIS guidelines. World J Emerg Surg. 2021, 16:40. 10.1186\/s13017-021-00380-1","journal-title":"World J Emerg Surg"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v16121809","article-title":"Modulation of monocyte effector functions and gene expression by human cytomegalovirus infection","volume":"16","author":"Planchon MS","year":"2024","unstructured":"Planchon MS, Fishman JA, El Khoury J. Modulation of monocyte effector functions and gene expression by human cytomegalovirus infection. Viruses. 2024, 16:1809. 10.3390\/v16121809","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-6-45","article-title":"Small bowel perforation due to CMV enteritis infection in an HIV-positive patient","volume":"6","author":"Michalopoulos N","year":"2013","unstructured":"Michalopoulos N, Triantafillopoulou K, Beretouli E, et al.. Small bowel perforation due to CMV enteritis infection in an HIV-positive patient. BMC Res Notes. 2013, 6:45. 10.1186\/1756-0500-6-45","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"Multiple cytomegalovirus-related intestinal perforations in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Report of two cases and review of the literature","volume":"116","author":"Kyriazis AP","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kyriazis AP, Mitra SK. Multiple cytomegalovirus-related intestinal perforations in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Report of two cases and review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1992, 116:495-9.","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000958","article-title":"Toward an algorithm for the diagnosis and management of CMV in patients with colitis","volume":"22","author":"Beswick L","year":"2016","unstructured":"Beswick L, Ye B, van Langenberg DR. Toward an algorithm for the diagnosis and management of CMV in patients with colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2016, 22:2966-76. 10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000958","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31827fcc33","article-title":"A comparison of CMV detection in gastrointestinal mucosal biopsies using immunohistochemistry and PCR performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue","volume":"37","author":"Mills AM","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mills AM, Guo FP, Copland AP, Pai RK, Pinsky BA. A comparison of CMV detection in gastrointestinal mucosal biopsies using immunohistochemistry and PCR performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. Am J Surg Pathol. 2013, 37:995-1000. 10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31827fcc33","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000001840","article-title":"Diagnostic significance of cytomegalovirus DNA quantitation in gastrointestinal biopsies: comparison with histopathological data and blood cytomegalovirus DNA","volume":"33","author":"Alacam S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alacam S, Karabulut N, Bakir A, Onel M, Buyuk M, Gulluoglu M, Agacfidan A. Diagnostic significance of cytomegalovirus DNA quantitation in gastrointestinal biopsies: comparison with histopathological data and blood cytomegalovirus DNA. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021, 33:40-5. 10.1097\/MEG.0000000000001840","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000000906","article-title":"Short article: stool cytomegalovirus polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus-related gastrointestinal disease","volume":"29","author":"Prachasitthisak N","year":"2017","unstructured":"Prachasitthisak N, Tanpowpong P, Lertudomphonwanit C, et al.. Short article: stool cytomegalovirus polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus-related gastrointestinal disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017, 29:1059-63. 10.1097\/MEG.0000000000000906","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/167.2.278","article-title":"Ganciclovir treatment of cytomegalovirus colitis in AIDS: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study","volume":"167","author":"Dieterich DT","year":"1993","unstructured":"Dieterich DT, Kotler DP, Busch DF, Crumpacker C, Du Mond C, Dearmand B, Buhles W. Ganciclovir treatment of cytomegalovirus colitis in AIDS: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study. J Infect Dis. 1993, 167:278-82. 10.1093\/infdis\/167.2.278","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e3182160c9c","article-title":"The prevalence and efficacy of ganciclovir on steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis with cytomegalovirus infection: a prospective multicenter study","volume":"46","author":"Kim YS","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim YS, Kim YH, Kim JS, et al.. The prevalence and efficacy of ganciclovir on steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis with cytomegalovirus infection: a prospective multicenter study. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2012, 46:51-6. 10.1097\/MCG.0b013e3182160c9c","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/411259-multiple-small-bowel-and-colonic-perforations-secondary-to-cytomegalovirus-infection-in-a-newly-diagnosed-aids-patient","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T21:08:42Z","timestamp":1760908122000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/411259-multiple-small-bowel-and-colonic-perforations-secondary-to-cytomegalovirus-infection-in-a-newly-diagnosed-aids-patient"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]]},"references-count":28,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.94935","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]]}}}