{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T09:04:19Z","timestamp":1761296659972,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.95294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T09:00:27Z","timestamp":1761296427000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Microbial Diversity and Infection Burden in Central Nervous System (CNS) Shunt and Drain Devices: A Prospective Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Sheetal","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prashant","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vimala","family":"Venkatesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chhitij","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00861-18","article-title":"Diagnostic approach to health care- and device-associated central nervous system infections","volume":"56","author":"Martin RM","year":"2018","unstructured":"Martin RM, Zimmermann LL, Huynh M, Polage CR. Diagnostic approach to health care- and device-associated central nervous system infections. J Clin Microbiol. 2018, 56:e00861-18. 10.1128\/JCM.00861-18","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2008.04.013","article-title":"Use of lumbar drainage of cerebrospinal fluid for brain relaxation in occipital lobe approaches in children: technical note","volume":"71","author":"Viswanathan A","year":"2009","unstructured":"Viswanathan A, Whitehead WE, Luerssen TG, Jea A. Use of lumbar drainage of cerebrospinal fluid for brain relaxation in occipital lobe approaches in children: technical note. Surg Neurol. 2009, 71:681-4, discussion 684. 10.1016\/j.surneu.2008.04.013","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.7731","article-title":"Ommaya reservoir insertion: a technical note","volume":"12","author":"Magill ST","year":"2020","unstructured":"Magill ST, Choy W, Nguyen MP, McDermott MW. Ommaya reservoir insertion: a technical note. Cureus. 2020, 12:e7731. 10.7759\/cureus.7731","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012726.pub2","article-title":"Ventriculo-peritoneal shunting devices for hydrocephalus","volume":"6","author":"Garegnani L","year":"2020","unstructured":"Garegnani L, Franco JV, Ciapponi A, Garrote V, Vietto V, Portillo Medina SA. Ventriculo-peritoneal shunting devices for hydrocephalus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020, 6:CD012726. 10.1002\/14651858.CD012726.pub2","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"M100: Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing","author":"Weinstein PM","year":"2019","unstructured":"Weinstein PM, Patel JB, Bobenchik AM, et al.. M100: Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, PA; 2019."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18203\/2349-2902.isj20201408","article-title":"Clinical study and management of hydrocephalus in children","volume":"26","author":"Deshmukh SN","year":"2020","unstructured":"Deshmukh SN, Yadav AT. Clinical study and management of hydrocephalus in children. Int Surg. 2020, 26:1258-62. 10.18203\/2349-2902.isj20201408","journal-title":"Int Surg"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0204926","article-title":"Age-specific global epidemiology of hydrocephalus: systematic review, metanalysis and global birth surveillance","volume":"13","author":"Isaacs AM","year":"2018","unstructured":"Isaacs AM, Riva-Cambrin J, Yavin D, et al.. Age-specific global epidemiology of hydrocephalus: systematic review, metanalysis and global birth surveillance. PLoS One. 2018, 13:e0204926. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0204926","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-018-4022-4","article-title":"Surgical treatment of post-inflammatory hydrocephalus. Analysis of 101 cases","volume":"35","author":"Polis B","year":"2019","unstructured":"Polis B, Polis L, Nowos\u0142awska E. Surgical treatment of post-inflammatory hydrocephalus. Analysis of 101 cases. Childs Nerv Syst. 2019, 35:237-43. 10.1007\/s00381-018-4022-4","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.4c00024","article-title":"Biofilm inhibition on medical devices and implants using carbon dots: an updated review","volume":"7","author":"Priyadarshini E","year":"2024","unstructured":"Priyadarshini E, Kumar R, Balakrishnan K, Pandit S, Kumar R, Jha NK, Gupta PK. Biofilm inhibition on medical devices and implants using carbon dots: an updated review. ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2024, 7:2604-19. 10.1021\/acsabm.4c00024","journal-title":"ACS Appl Bio Mater"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10071-24363","article-title":"Bacterial meningitis among intracranial surgery patients at a University Hospital in Northern India","volume":"26","author":"Kar M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kar M, Jamwal A, Dubey A, Sahu C, Patel SS. Bacterial meningitis among intracranial surgery patients at a University Hospital in Northern India. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2022, 26:1244-52. 10.5005\/jp-journals-10071-24363","journal-title":"Indian J Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2014.08.006","article-title":"Ventricular shunt infections: immunopathogenesis and clinical management","volume":"276","author":"Gutierrez-Murgas Y","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gutierrez-Murgas Y, Snowden JN. Ventricular shunt infections: immunopathogenesis and clinical management. J Neuroimmunol. 2014, 276:1-8. 10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2014.08.006","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10071-24768","article-title":"Development of an evidence-based care bundle for prevention of external ventricular drain-related infection: results of a single-center prospective cohort study and literature review","volume":"28","author":"Ponnambath DK","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ponnambath DK, Divakar G, Mamachan J, Biju S, Raja K, Abraham M. Development of an evidence-based care bundle for prevention of external ventricular drain-related infection: results of a single-center prospective cohort study and literature review. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2024, 28:760-8. 10.5005\/jp-journals-10071-24768","journal-title":"Indian J Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.04.113","article-title":"Effectiveness of a standardized external ventricular drain placement protocol for infection control","volume":"151","author":"Zakaria J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zakaria J, Jusue-Torres I, Frazzetta J, et al.. Effectiveness of a standardized external ventricular drain placement protocol for infection control. World Neurosurg. 2021, 151:e771-7. 10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.04.113","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-015-0239-1","article-title":"Risk factors for infections related to lumbar drainage in spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"25","author":"Liang H","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liang H, Zhang L, Gao A, et al.. Risk factors for infections related to lumbar drainage in spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care. 2016, 25:243-9. 10.1007\/s12028-015-0239-1","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-023-01283-3","article-title":"Bacterial ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections: changing trends in antimicrobial susceptibility, a 7-year retrospective study\u00a0from Pakistan","volume":"12","author":"Akram Asif A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Akram Asif A, Mahmood K, Riaz S, McHugh T, Sultan S. Bacterial ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections: changing trends in antimicrobial susceptibility, a 7-year retrospective study\u00a0from Pakistan. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2023, 12:75. 10.1186\/s13756-023-01283-3","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18502\/ijm.v14i2.9183","article-title":"Clinical and microbiological spectrum of external ventricular drain related infections (EVDRIs) from a tertiary care center","volume":"14","author":"Mehreen SF","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mehreen SF, Padmaja K, Sudhaharan S, Teja VD, Saradhi MV, Krishna YV. Clinical and microbiological spectrum of external ventricular drain related infections (EVDRIs) from a tertiary care center. Iran J Microbiol. 2022, 14:168-73. 10.18502\/ijm.v14i2.9183","journal-title":"Iran J Microbiol"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"Seasonal trends in external ventricular drain-associated infections across Europe: a 5-year surveillance analysis","volume":"31","author":"M\u00fcller T","year":"2025","unstructured":"M\u00fcller T, Ricciardi F, Johansson M, et al.. Seasonal trends in external ventricular drain-associated infections across Europe: a 5-year surveillance analysis. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2025, 31:225-32.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/424646-microbial-diversity-and-infection-burden-in-central-nervous-system-cns-shunt-and-drain-devices-a-prospective-observational-study","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T09:00:28Z","timestamp":1761296428000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/424646-microbial-diversity-and-infection-burden-in-central-nervous-system-cns-shunt-and-drain-devices-a-prospective-observational-study"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]},"references-count":17,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.95294","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]}}}