{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T15:17:05Z","timestamp":1768231025428,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.96247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T21:30:31Z","timestamp":1762464631000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Miller Fisher Syndrome: A Case of Relapsing Symptoms Requiring a Slow Corticosteroid Taper"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Miles","family":"Chapman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad A","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Broad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sreedharan","family":"Harikrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaung","family":"Kyaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2018.3923","article-title":"Fatal toxic effects associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Wang DY","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang DY, Salem JE, Cohen JV, et al.. Fatal toxic effects associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Oncol. 2018, 4:1721-8. 10.1001\/jamaoncol.2018.3923","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdw558","article-title":"Neurotoxicity from immune-checkpoint inhibition in the treatment of melanoma: a single centre experience and review of the literature","volume":"28","author":"Spain L","year":"2017","unstructured":"Spain L, Walls G, Julve M, et al.. Neurotoxicity from immune-checkpoint inhibition in the treatment of melanoma: a single centre experience and review of the literature. Ann Oncol. 2017, 28:377-85. 10.1093\/annonc\/mdw558","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.43.10.1911","article-title":"Serum anti-GQ1b IgG antibody is associated with ophthalmoplegia in Miller Fisher syndrome and Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome: clinical and immunohistochemical studies","volume":"43","author":"Chiba A","year":"1993","unstructured":"Chiba A, Kusunoki S, Obata H, Machinami R, Kanazawa I. Serum anti-GQ1b IgG antibody is associated with ophthalmoplegia in Miller Fisher syndrome and Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome: clinical and immunohistochemical studies. Neurology. 1993, 43:1911-7. 10.1212\/wnl.43.10.1911","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1941874418778957","article-title":"Miller Fisher syndrome associated with immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma","volume":"8","author":"Baird-Gunning JJ","year":"2018","unstructured":"Baird-Gunning JJ, Weerasinghe D, Silsby M, Gawarikar Y, Carlino MS, Smith JL, Vucic S. Miller Fisher syndrome associated with immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma. Neurohospitalist. 2018, 8:191-3. 10.1177\/1941874418778957","journal-title":"Neurohospitalist"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000000755","article-title":"GQ1b-seronegative Miller Fisher syndrome associated with pembrolizumab","volume":"39","author":"Green KE","year":"2019","unstructured":"Green KE, Levine AM, Ward JH, Kaufman DI. GQ1b-seronegative Miller Fisher syndrome associated with pembrolizumab. J Neuroophthalmol. 2019, 39:394-6. 10.1097\/WNO.0000000000000755","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2019-229443","article-title":"A rare case of Miller Fisher variant of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome (GBS) induced by a checkpoint inhibitor","volume":"12","author":"McNeill CJ","year":"2019","unstructured":"McNeill CJ, Fehmi J, Gladwin J, Price C. A rare case of Miller Fisher variant of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome (GBS) induced by a checkpoint inhibitor. BMJ Case Rep. 2019, 12:e229443. 10.1136\/bcr-2019-229443","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"Medicines.org.uk. Bavencio (avelumab) 200 mg concentrate for solution for infusion - summary of product characteristics. (2025). Accessed. September 26, 2025: https:\/\/www.medicines.org.uk\/emc\/product\/8453\/smpc."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007235","article-title":"Neuromuscular adverse events associated with anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies: systematic review","volume":"92","author":"Johansen A","year":"2019","unstructured":"Johansen A, Christensen SJ, Scheie D, H\u00f8jgaard JL, Kondziella D. Neuromuscular adverse events associated with anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies: systematic review. Neurology. 2019, 92:663-74. 10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007235","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.01440","article-title":"Management of immune-related adverse events in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: ASCO guideline update","volume":"39","author":"Schneider BJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schneider BJ, Naidoo J, Santomasso BD, et al.. Management of immune-related adverse events in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: ASCO guideline update. J Clin Oncol. 2021, 39:4073-126. 10.1200\/JCO.21.01440","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency. Bavencio (avelumab) - assessment report (variation). (2025). Accessed. September 26, 2025: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/variation-report\/bavencio-h-c-004338-ii-0018-epar-assessment-report-variation_...."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1756286418799864","article-title":"Neurological complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors: what happens when you 'take the brakes off' the immune system","volume":"11","author":"Dalakas MC","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dalakas MC. Neurological complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors: what happens when you 'take the brakes off' the immune system. Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2018, 11:1756286418799864. 10.1177\/1756286418799864","journal-title":"Ther Adv Neurol Disord"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-024-03869-1","article-title":"Differences in immune-related toxicity between PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors: a retrospective cohort study in patients with advanced cancer","volume":"74","author":"Ladjevardi CO","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ladjevardi CO, Skribek M, Koliadi A, et al.. Differences in immune-related toxicity between PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors: a retrospective cohort study in patients with advanced cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2024, 74:14. 10.1007\/s00262-024-03869-1","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Immunother"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1519082","article-title":"Immune-related adverse events with PD-1\/PD-L1 inhibitors: insights from a real-world cohort of 2523 patients","volume":"16","author":"Yan T","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yan T, Long M, Liu C, Zhang J, Wei X, Li F, Liao D. Immune-related adverse events with PD-1\/PD-L1 inhibitors: insights from a real-world cohort of 2523 patients. Front Pharmacol. 2025, 16:1519082. 10.3389\/fphar.2025.1519082","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-024-02023-w","article-title":"Regulatory mechanisms of PD-1\/PD-L1 in cancers","volume":"23","author":"Lin X","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lin X, Kang K, Chen P, et al.. Regulatory mechanisms of PD-1\/PD-L1 in cancers. Mol Cancer. 2024, 23:108. 10.1186\/s12943-024-02023-w","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00339-1","article-title":"Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome","volume":"388","author":"Willison HJ","year":"2016","unstructured":"Willison HJ, Jacobs BC, van Doorn PA. Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome. Lancet. 2016, 388:717-27. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00339-1","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/423772-immune-checkpoint-inhibitor-induced-miller-fisher-syndrome-a-case-of-relapsing-symptoms-requiring-a-slow-corticosteroid-taper","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T21:30:32Z","timestamp":1762464632000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/423772-immune-checkpoint-inhibitor-induced-miller-fisher-syndrome-a-case-of-relapsing-symptoms-requiring-a-slow-corticosteroid-taper"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]]},"references-count":15,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.96247","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]]}}}