{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T16:51:41Z","timestamp":1791910301029,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.96716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T04:10:16Z","timestamp":1763007016000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) Among Controlled and Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Geriatric Population From North India"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Arjun","family":"Dev J","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sartaj","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manish Kumar","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohd","family":"Arif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K K","family":"Sawlani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kauser","family":"Usman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Khattri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.19","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"1","author":"DeFronzo RA","year":"2015","unstructured":"DeFronzo RA, Ferrannini E, Groop L, et al.. Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015, 1:15019. 10.1038\/nrdp.2015.19","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23937\/2469-5858\/1510014","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes in the elderly: challenges in a unique patient population","volume":"2","author":"Bradley D","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bradley D, Hsueh W. Type 2 diabetes in the elderly: challenges in a unique patient population. J Geriatr Med Gerontol. 2016, 2:14. 10.23937\/2469-5858\/1510014","journal-title":"J Geriatr Med Gerontol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S53482","article-title":"Achieving glycemic control in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes: a critical comparison of current options","volume":"9","author":"Du YF","year":"2014","unstructured":"Du YF, Ou HY, Beverly EA, Chiu CJ. Achieving glycemic control in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes: a critical comparison of current options. Clin Interv Aging. 2014, 9:1963-80. 10.2147\/CIA.S53482","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242316969","article-title":"Role of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis in diseases","volume":"24","author":"Perks CM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Perks CM. Role of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis in diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2023, 24:10.3390\/ijms242316969","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.919","article-title":"The role of insulin-like growth factor-I and its binding proteins in glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes","volume":"25","author":"Rajpathak SN","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rajpathak SN, Gunter MJ, Wylie-Rosett J, et al.. The role of insulin-like growth factor-I and its binding proteins in glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2009, 25:3-12. 10.1002\/dmrr.919","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-10-224","article-title":"Human conditions of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) deficiency","volume":"10","author":"Puche JE","year":"2012","unstructured":"Puche JE, Castilla-Cort\u00e1zar I. Human conditions of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) deficiency. J Transl Med. 2012, 10:224. 10.1186\/1479-5876-10-224","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-23521-1","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-1 levels are associated with high comorbidity of metabolic disorders in obese subjects; a Japanese single-center, retrospective-study","volume":"12","author":"Kubo H","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kubo H, Sawada S, Satoh M, et al.. Insulin-like growth factor-1 levels are associated with high comorbidity of metabolic disorders in obese subjects; a Japanese single-center, retrospective-study. Sci Rep. 2022, 12:20130. 10.1038\/s41598-022-23521-1","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"IDF Clinical Practice Recommendations for managing Type 2 Diabetes in Primary Care International Diabetes Federation. Brussels, Belgium","year":"2017","unstructured":"IDF Clinical Practice Recommendations for Managing Type 2 Diabetes in Primary Care. International Diabetes Federation - 2017. International Diabetes Federation, Brussels, Belgium; 2017. https:\/\/idf.org\/media\/uploads\/2023\/05\/attachments-63.pdf."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2012.10.001","article-title":"Global guideline for type 2 diabetes","volume":"104","year":"2014","unstructured":"Global guideline for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014, 104.1-52. 10.1016\/j.diabres.2012.10.001","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/acta.0.1240497","article-title":"Effects of aging and sex on plasma insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels in normal adults","volume":"124","author":"Yamamoto H","year":"1991","unstructured":"Yamamoto H, Sohmiya M, Oka N, Kato Y. Effects of aging and sex on plasma insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels in normal adults. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh). 1991, 124:497-500. 10.1530\/acta.0.1240497","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol (Copenh)"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)40889-1","article-title":"The amino acid sequence of human insulin-like growth factor I and its structural homology with proinsulin","volume":"253","author":"Rinderknecht E","year":"1978","unstructured":"Rinderknecht E, Humbel RE. The amino acid sequence of human insulin-like growth factor I and its structural homology with proinsulin. J Biol Chem. 1978, 253:2769-76. 10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)40889-1","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9091970","article-title":"Mechanisms of IGF-1-mediated regulation of skeletal muscle hypertrophy and atrophy","volume":"9","author":"Yoshida T","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yoshida T, Delafontaine P. Mechanisms of IGF-1-mediated regulation of skeletal muscle hypertrophy and atrophy. Cells. 2020, 9:1970. 10.3390\/cells9091970","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1456195","article-title":"Growth hormone\/insulin-like growth factor I axis in health and disease states: an update on the role of intra-portal insulin","volume":"15","author":"Yuen KC","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yuen KC, Hjortebjerg R, Ganeshalingam AA, Clemmons DR, Frystyk J. Growth hormone\/insulin-like growth factor I axis in health and disease states: an update on the role of intra-portal insulin. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024, 15:1456195. 10.3389\/fendo.2024.1456195","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2006.08.006","article-title":"Involvement of insulin-like growth factor-I in the control of glucose homeostasis","volume":"6","author":"Clemmons DR","year":"2006","unstructured":"Clemmons DR. Involvement of insulin-like growth factor-I in the control of glucose homeostasis. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2006, 6:620-5. 10.1016\/j.coph.2006.08.006","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6065\/apem.2015.20.2.69","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF binding proteins axis in diabetes mellitus","volume":"20","author":"Kim MS","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim MS, Lee DY. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF binding proteins axis in diabetes mellitus. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2015, 20:69-73. 10.6065\/apem.2015.20.2.69","journal-title":"Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2016.03.002","article-title":"The influence of type 2 diabetes on serum GH and IGF-I levels in hospitalized Japanese patients","volume":"29","author":"Suda K","year":"2016","unstructured":"Suda K, Matsumoto R, Fukuoka H, et al.. The influence of type 2 diabetes on serum GH and IGF-I levels in hospitalized Japanese patients. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2016, 29:4-10. 10.1016\/j.ghir.2016.03.002","journal-title":"Growth Horm IGF Res"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.1.120","article-title":"Plasma concentration of IGF-I is independently associated with insulin sensitivity in subjects with different degrees of glucose tolerance","volume":"28","author":"Sesti G","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sesti G, Sciacqua A, Cardellini M, et al.. Plasma concentration of IGF-I is independently associated with insulin sensitivity in subjects with different degrees of glucose tolerance. Diabetes Care. 2005, 28:120-5. 10.2337\/diacare.28.1.120","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(02)08655-5","article-title":"Circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I and development of glucose intolerance: a prospective observational study","volume":"359","author":"Sandhu MS","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sandhu MS, Heald AH, Gibson JM, Cruickshank JK, Dunger DB, Wareham NJ. Circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I and development of glucose intolerance: a prospective observational study. Lancet. 2002, 359:1740-5. 10.1016\/s0140-6736(02)08655-5","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-1833","article-title":"The association between IGF-I and insulin resistance: a general population study in Danish adults","volume":"35","author":"Friedrich N","year":"2012","unstructured":"Friedrich N, Thuesen B, J\u00f8rgensen T, Juul A, Spielhagen C, Wallaschofksi H, Linneberg A. The association between IGF-I and insulin resistance: a general population study in Danish adults. Diabetes Care. 2012, 35:768-73. 10.2337\/dc11-1833","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-10-0963","article-title":"Prediction of incident diabetes mellitus by baseline IGF1 levels","volume":"164","author":"Schneider HJ","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schneider HJ, Friedrich N, Klotsche J, et al.. Prediction of incident diabetes mellitus by baseline IGF1 levels. Eur J Endocrinol. 2011, 164:223-9. 10.1530\/EJE-10-0963","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-08-0201","article-title":"Relationships between serum IGF1 levels, blood pressure, and glucose tolerance: an observational, exploratory study in 404 subjects","volume":"159","author":"Colao A","year":"2008","unstructured":"Colao A, Di Somma C, Cascella T, et al.. Relationships between serum IGF1 levels, blood pressure, and glucose tolerance: an observational, exploratory study in 404 subjects. Eur J Endocrinol. 2008, 159:389-97. 10.1530\/EJE-08-0201","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40842-024-00202-8","article-title":"The impact of insulin resistance and glycaemic control on insulin-like growth factor-1 in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study","volume":"10","author":"AbdlWhab HM","year":"2024","unstructured":"AbdlWhab HM, Al-Saffar A, Mahdi OA, Alameri RB. The impact of insulin resistance and glycaemic control on insulin-like growth factor-1 in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol. 2024, 10:36. 10.1186\/s40842-024-00202-8","journal-title":"Clin Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc1002.105187","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor-alpha regulates insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 expression in vascular smooth muscle","volume":"105","author":"Anwar A","year":"2002","unstructured":"Anwar A, Zahid AA, Scheidegger KJ, Brink M, Delafontaine P. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha regulates insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 expression in vascular smooth muscle. Circulation. 2002, 105:1220-5. 10.1161\/hc1002.105187","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.831910","article-title":"TNF-\u03b1 (G-308A) polymorphism, circulating levels of TNF-\u03b1 and IGF-1: risk factors for ischemic stroke-an updated meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Duan R","year":"2022","unstructured":"Duan R, Wang N, Shang Y, Li H, Liu Q, Li L, Zhao X. TNF-\u03b1 (G-308A) polymorphism, circulating levels of TNF-\u03b1 and IGF-1: risk factors for ischemic stroke-an updated meta-analysis. Front Aging Neurosci. 2022, 14:831910. 10.3389\/fnagi.2022.831910","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-0553","article-title":"Reciprocal association of plasma IGF-1 and interleukin-6 levels with cardiometabolic risk factors in nondiabetic subjects","volume":"31","author":"Succurro E","year":"2008","unstructured":"Succurro E, Andreozzi F, Sciacqua A, Hribal ML, Perticone F, Sesti G. Reciprocal association of plasma IGF-1 and interleukin-6 levels with cardiometabolic risk factors in nondiabetic subjects. Diabetes Care. 2008, 31:1886-8. 10.2337\/dc08-0553","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.00286","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3): unraveling the role in mediating IGF-independent effects within the cell","volume":"8","author":"Varma Shrivastav S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Varma Shrivastav S, Bhardwaj A, Pathak KA, Shrivastav A. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3): unraveling the role in mediating IGF-independent effects within the cell. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020, 8:286. 10.3389\/fcell.2020.00286","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-015-0762-z","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-1 deficiency and metabolic syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Aguirre GA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aguirre GA, De Ita JR, de la Garza RG, Castilla-Cortazar I. Insulin-like growth factor-1 deficiency and metabolic syndrome. J Transl Med. 2016, 14:3. 10.1186\/s12967-015-0762-z","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.056","article-title":"Positive correlation between serum IGF-1 and HDL-C in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"118","author":"Song X","year":"2016","unstructured":"Song X, Teng J, Wang A, Li X, Wang J, Liu Y. Positive correlation between serum IGF-1 and HDL-C in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2016, 118:44-9. 10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.04.056","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coemr.2018.11.001","article-title":"IGF-I and the endocrinology of aging","volume":"5","author":"Janssen JA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Janssen JA. IGF-I and the endocrinology of aging. Curr Opin Endocr Metab Res. 2019, 5:1-6. 10.1016\/j.coemr.2018.11.001","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocr Metab Res"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"Study of insulin resistance in relation to serum IGF-I levels in subjects with different degrees of glucose tolerance","volume":"28","author":"Martha S","year":"2008","unstructured":"Martha S, Pantam N, Thungathurthi S, Rao VL, Devarakonda K. Study of insulin resistance in relation to serum IGF-I levels in subjects with different degrees of glucose tolerance. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries. 2008, 28:54-9.","journal-title":"Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/431482-evaluation-of-serum-insulin-like-growth-factor-1-igf-1-among-controlled-and-uncontrolled-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-in-a-geriatric-population-from-north-india","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T04:10:17Z","timestamp":1763007017000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/431482-evaluation-of-serum-insulin-like-growth-factor-1-igf-1-among-controlled-and-uncontrolled-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-in-a-geriatric-population-from-north-india"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"references-count":30,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.96716","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]}}}