{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T18:06:35Z","timestamp":1789841195646,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.98816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T18:41:26Z","timestamp":1765305686000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Long-Term Stability and Safety of Orthognathic-Orthodontic Correction for Skeletal Anterior Open Bite: A Systematic Review and Evidence Appraisal"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Abdulrahman H","family":"Obeisi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meshari M","family":"Alanazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzan B","family":"Natto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hatim A","family":"Alsalmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asma A","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raghad  A","family":"Alotaibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah A","family":"Aljari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soltan B","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahad B","family":"Alamri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulaziz F","family":"Mohammed Alghamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hattan S","family":"Katib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2024.04.001","article-title":"Strategic treatment planning for anterior open bite: a comprehensive approach","volume":"19","author":"Hsu JY","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hsu JY, Cheng JH, Feng SW, Lai PC, Yoshida N, Chiang PC. Strategic treatment planning for anterior open bite: a comprehensive approach. J Dent Sci. 2024, 19:1328-37. 10.1016\/j.jds.2024.04.001","journal-title":"J Dent Sci"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40368-021-00683-6","article-title":"Prevalence of anterior open bite in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Avrella MT","year":"2022","unstructured":"Avrella MT, Zimmermann DR, Andriani JS, Santos PS, Barasuol JC. Prevalence of anterior open bite in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2022, 23:355-64. 10.1007\/s40368-021-00683-6","journal-title":"Eur Arch Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Contemporary Orthodontics","author":"Proffit WR","year":"2018","unstructured":"Proffit WR, Fields HW.  Contemporary Orthodontics. Mosby (Elsevier), St. Louis, MO; 2018."},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"A cephalometric comparison of Black open-bite subjects and Black normals","volume":"73","author":"Beane RA","year":"2003","unstructured":"Beane RA, Reimann G, Phillips C, Tulloch C. A cephalometric comparison of Black open-bite subjects and Black normals. Angle Orthod. 2003, 73:294-300.","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/denu.2011.38.8.522","article-title":"Anterior open bite: aetiology and management","volume":"38","author":"Sandler PJ","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sandler PJ, Madahar AK, Murray A. Anterior open bite: aetiology and management. Dent Update. 2011, 38:522-4, 527-8, 531-2. 10.12968\/denu.2011.38.8.522","journal-title":"Dent Update"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/030316-188.1","article-title":"Nonsurgical treatment of skeletal anterior open bite in adult patients: posterior build-ups","volume":"87","author":"Vela-Hern\u00e1ndez A","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vela-Hern\u00e1ndez A, L\u00f3pez-Garc\u00eda R, Garc\u00eda-Sanz V, Paredes-Gallardo V, Lasagabaster-Latorre F. Nonsurgical treatment of skeletal anterior open bite in adult patients: posterior build-ups. Angle Orthod. 2017, 87:33-40. 10.2319\/030316-188.1","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.62398","article-title":"Influence of anterior open bite on oral health-related quality of life. A systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Rodriguez-Huaringa JE","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Huaringa JE, Vargas-Mori GX, Arriola-Guill\u00e9n LE. Influence of anterior open bite on oral health-related quality of life. A systematic review. J Clin Exp Dent. 2025, 17:e87-95. 10.4317\/jced.62398","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Dent"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.73846","article-title":"Evaluation of satisfaction levels following orthognathic treatment in adult patients: a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Almasri AM","year":"2024","unstructured":"Almasri AM, Hajeer MY, Sultan K, Aljabban O, Zakaria AS, Alhaffar JB. Evaluation of satisfaction levels following orthognathic treatment in adult patients: a systematic review. Cureus. 2024, 16:e73846. 10.7759\/cureus.73846","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjab011","article-title":"Vertical stability of different orthognathic treatments for correcting skeletal anterior open bite: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"44","author":"Wang M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang M, Zhang B, Li L, Zhai M, Wang Z, Wei F. Vertical stability of different orthognathic treatments for correcting skeletal anterior open bite: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Orthod. 2022, 44:1-10. 10.1093\/ejo\/cjab011","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.56285","article-title":"Management strategies for open bite relapse: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Alam MK","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alam MK, Alayyash A. Management strategies for open bite relapse: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cureus. 2024, 16:e56285. 10.7759\/cureus.56285","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page MJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al.. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021, 372:n71. 10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4919","article-title":"ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions","volume":"355","author":"Sterne JA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sterne JA, Hern\u00e1n MA, Reeves BC, et al.. ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. BMJ. 2016, 355:i4919. 10.1136\/bmj.i4919","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD","article-title":"GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations","volume":"336","author":"Guyatt GH","year":"2008","unstructured":"Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, Kunz R, Falck-Ytter Y, Alonso-Coello P, Sch\u00fcnemann HJ. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ. 2008, 336:924-6. 10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2010.03.021","article-title":"Long-term stability of surgical-orthodontic open-bite correction","volume":"138","author":"Maia FA","year":"2010","unstructured":"Maia FA, Janson G, Barros SE, Maia NG, Chiqueto K, Nakamura AY. Long-term stability of surgical-orthodontic open-bite correction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010, 138:254.e1-10; discussion 254-6. 10.1016\/j.ajodo.2010.03.021","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjq194","article-title":"Long-term stability of anterior open bite closure corrected by surgical-orthodontic treatment","volume":"34","author":"Teittinen M","year":"2012","unstructured":"Teittinen M, Tuovinen V, Tammela L, Sch\u00e4tzle M, Peltom\u00e4ki T. Long-term stability of anterior open bite closure corrected by surgical-orthodontic treatment. Eur J Orthod. 2012, 34:238-43. 10.1093\/ejo\/cjq194","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/123121-959.1","article-title":"Combined orthodontic and surgical open bite correction: principles for success. Part 2","volume":"92","author":"Arnett GW","year":"2022","unstructured":"Arnett GW, D'Agostino A, Grendene E, McLaughlin RP, Trevisiol L. Combined orthodontic and surgical open bite correction: principles for success. Part 2. Angle Orthod. 2022, 92:431-45. 10.2319\/123121-959.1","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-022-04615-6","article-title":"Posttreatment stability of an anterior open-bite by molar intrusion compared with 2-jaw surgery - a retrospective study","volume":"26","author":"Chang PE","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chang PE, Kim JY, Jung HD, Park JJ, Choi YJ. Posttreatment stability of an anterior open-bite by molar intrusion compared with 2-jaw surgery - a retrospective study. Clin Oral Investig. 2022, 26:6607-16. 10.1007\/s00784-022-04615-6","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2013.08.013","article-title":"Relapse of skeletal class III with anterior open bite after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery depending on maxillary posterior impaction and mandibular counterclockwise rotation","volume":"42","author":"Kor HS","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kor HS, Yang HJ, Hwang SJ. Relapse of skeletal class III with anterior open bite after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery depending on maxillary posterior impaction and mandibular counterclockwise rotation. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2014, 42:e230-8. 10.1016\/j.jcms.2013.08.013","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.scs.0000248658.38158.d2","article-title":"Long-term skeletal stability after surgical correction in class III open-bite patients: a retrospective study on 40 patients treated with mono- or bimaxillary surgery","volume":"18","author":"Iannetti G","year":"2007","unstructured":"Iannetti G, Fadda MT, Marianetti TM, Terenzi V, Cassoni A. Long-term skeletal stability after surgical correction in class III open-bite patients: a retrospective study on 40 patients treated with mono- or bimaxillary surgery. J Craniofac Surg. 2007, 18:350-4. 10.1097\/01.scs.0000248658.38158.d2","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.05.018","article-title":"A comparison of class II open bite correction by maxillary or mandibular surgery","volume":"157","author":"Torgersbr\u00e5ten N","year":"2020","unstructured":"Torgersbr\u00e5ten N, Stenvik A, Espeland L. A comparison of class II open bite correction by maxillary or mandibular surgery. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2020, 157:631-40. 10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.05.018","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.05.049","article-title":"Three-year stability of open-bite correction by 1-piece maxillary osteotomy","volume":"134","author":"Espeland L","year":"2008","unstructured":"Espeland L, Dowling PA, Mobarak KA, Stenvik A. Three-year stability of open-bite correction by 1-piece maxillary osteotomy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008, 134:60-6. 10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.05.049","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2012.07.012","article-title":"Long-term stability of anterior open-bite closure with bilateral sagittal split osteotomy","volume":"142","author":"Fontes AM","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fontes AM, Joondeph DR, Bloomquist DS, Greenlee GM, Wallen TR, Huang GJ. Long-term stability of anterior open-bite closure with bilateral sagittal split osteotomy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012, 142:792-800. 10.1016\/j.ajodo.2012.07.012","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2023.06.024","article-title":"Surgical vs nonsurgical treatments in patients with anterior open-bite have similar effects in occlusal function: a\u00a02-year follow-up study","volume":"165","author":"Lee J","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lee J, Choi YJ, Park JH, Chung CJ, Lee JH, Kim KH. Surgical vs nonsurgical treatments in patients with anterior open-bite have similar effects in occlusal function: a\u00a02-year follow-up study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2024, 165:38-45. 10.1016\/j.ajodo.2023.06.024","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663-019-01300-2","article-title":"Comparison of postoperative stability between BSSRO and Le Fort 1 osteotomy with BSSRO in skeletal class III malocclusion with severe open bite","volume":"19","author":"Ooi K","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ooi K, Inoue N, Matsushita K, Yamaguchi HO, Mikoya T, Kawashiri S, Tei K. Comparison of postoperative stability between BSSRO and Le Fort 1 osteotomy with BSSRO in skeletal class III malocclusion with severe open bite. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2020, 19:591-5. 10.1007\/s12663-019-01300-2","journal-title":"J Maxillofac Oral Surg"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-007-0632-2","article-title":"Stability following combined orthodontic-surgical treatment for skeletal anterior open bite - a cephalometric 15-year follow-up study","volume":"68","author":"Ding Y","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ding Y, Xu TM, Lohrmann B, Gellrich NC, Schwestka-Polly R. Stability following combined orthodontic-surgical treatment for skeletal anterior open bite - a cephalometric 15-year follow-up study. J Orofac Orthop. 2007, 68:245-56. 10.1007\/s00056-007-0632-2","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663-021-01642-w","article-title":"The stability of anterior open bite closure after bimaxillary osteotomy","volume":"22","author":"Ellabban I","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ellabban I, Germain S, Jenkins G, Paterson A. The stability of anterior open bite closure after bimaxillary osteotomy. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2023, 22:893-9. 10.1007\/s12663-021-01642-w","journal-title":"J Maxillofac Oral Surg"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2010.05.020","article-title":"Evaluation of skeletal stability after surgical-orthodontic correction of skeletal open bite with mandibular counterclockwise rotation using modified inverted L osteotomy","volume":"69","author":"Aymach Z","year":"2011","unstructured":"Aymach Z, Nei H, Kawamura H, Van Sickels J. Evaluation of skeletal stability after surgical-orthodontic correction of skeletal open bite with mandibular counterclockwise rotation using modified inverted L osteotomy. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011, 69:853-60. 10.1016\/j.joms.2010.05.020","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2009.07.105","article-title":"Stability of open bite correction with sagittal split osteotomy and closing rotation of the mandible","volume":"68","author":"Stansbury CD","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stansbury CD, Evans CA, Miloro M, BeGole EA, Morris DE. Stability of open bite correction with sagittal split osteotomy and closing rotation of the mandible. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010, 68:149-59. 10.1016\/j.joms.2009.07.105","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2010.02.028","article-title":"Success rate of anterior open-bite orthodontic-orthognathic surgical treatment","volume":"138","author":"Jensen U","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jensen U, Ruf S. Success rate of anterior open-bite orthodontic-orthognathic surgical treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010, 138:716-9. 10.1016\/j.ajodo.2010.02.028","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2008.06.091","article-title":"Enhanced effect of combined treatment with corticotomy and skeletal anchorage in open bite correction","volume":"67","author":"Akay MC","year":"2009","unstructured":"Akay MC, Aras A, G\u00fcnbay T, Akyal\u00e7in S, Koyuncue BO. Enhanced effect of combined treatment with corticotomy and skeletal anchorage in open bite correction. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009, 67:563-9. 10.1016\/j.joms.2008.06.091","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12861","article-title":"Surgical and camouflage orthodontic treatment of anterior open bite: comparison of profile attractiveness","volume":"28","author":"Nogueira CQ","year":"2025","unstructured":"Nogueira CQ, Cotrin P, Freitas DS, Prado de Souza JE, Valarelli FP, Freitas KM, de Freitas MR. Surgical and camouflage orthodontic treatment of anterior open bite: comparison of profile attractiveness. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2025, 28:187-95. 10.1111\/ocr.12861","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-009-9912-3","article-title":"Combined treatment of open bite - long-term evaluation and relapse factors","volume":"70","author":"Wriedt S","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wriedt S, Buhl V, Al-Nawas B, Wehrbein H. Combined treatment of open bite - long-term evaluation and relapse factors. J Orofac Orthop. 2009, 70:318-26. 10.1007\/s00056-009-9912-3","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.11.046","article-title":"Treatment of severe anterior open bite with skeletal anchorage in adults: comparison with orthognathic surgery outcomes","volume":"132","author":"Kuroda S","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kuroda S, Sakai Y, Tamamura N, Deguchi T, Takano-Yamamoto T. Treatment of severe anterior open bite with skeletal anchorage in adults: comparison with orthognathic surgery outcomes. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007, 132:599-605. 10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.11.046","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref34","article-title":"A new three-dimensional method of assessing facial volumetric changes after orthognathic treatment","volume":"42","author":"Siebert J","year":"2005","unstructured":"Siebert J, Ayoub A, Millett D, Mao Z, Hajeer M. A new three-dimensional method of assessing facial volumetric changes after orthognathic treatment. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2005, 42:113-20.","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2004.05.006","article-title":"Three-dimensional assessment of facial soft-tissue asymmetry before and after orthognathic surgery","volume":"42","author":"Hajeer MY","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hajeer MY, Ayoub AF, Millett DT. Three-dimensional assessment of facial soft-tissue asymmetry before and after orthognathic surgery. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2004, 42:396-404. 10.1016\/j.bjoms.2004.05.006","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.73477","article-title":"Accuracy of 3D virtual surgical planning compared to the traditional two-dimensional method in orthognathic surgery: a literature review","volume":"16","author":"Shalabi MM","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shalabi MM, Darwich KM, Kheshfeh MN, Hajeer MY. Accuracy of 3D virtual surgical planning compared to the traditional two-dimensional method in orthognathic surgery: a literature review. Cureus. 2024, 16:e73477. 10.7759\/cureus.73477","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_77_25","article-title":"Evaluation of the risks of facial nerve damage in orthognathic surgery","volume":"17","author":"Alam MK","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alam MK, Hajeer MY, Alghafli MA, Alazmi FM, Almansour AM, Noor NF, Sajedeen M. Evaluation of the risks of facial nerve damage in orthognathic surgery. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2025, 17:S1252-4. 10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_77_25","journal-title":"J Pharm Bioallied Sci"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/441323-long-term-stability-and-safety-of-orthognathic-orthodontic-correction-for-skeletal-anterior-open-bite-a-systematic-review-and-evidence-appraisal","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T18:41:27Z","timestamp":1765305687000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/441323-long-term-stability-and-safety-of-orthognathic-orthodontic-correction-for-skeletal-anterior-open-bite-a-systematic-review-and-evidence-appraisal"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"references-count":37,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.98816","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]}}}