{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T11:56:11Z","timestamp":1765886171074,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.99363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T11:45:40Z","timestamp":1765885540000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Biomechanical Evolution in Longitudinal Analysis of Lumbar Stress Injuries in Fast Bowlers: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"C","family":"Arun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sai Aditya","family":"Raman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nimishaanth","family":"SS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thiagarajan","family":"KA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arumugam","family":"Sivaraman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2020.1770407","article-title":"Optimising the front foot contact phase of the cricket fast bowling action","volume":"38","author":"Felton PJ","year":"2020","unstructured":"Felton PJ, Yeadon MR, King MA. Optimising the front foot contact phase of the cricket fast bowling action. J Sports Sci. 2020, 38:2054-62. 10.1080\/02640414.2020.1770407","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2012.736628","article-title":"The influence of cricket fast bowlers' front leg technique on peak ground reaction forces","volume":"31","author":"Worthington P","year":"2013","unstructured":"Worthington P, King M, Ranson C. The influence of cricket fast bowlers' front leg technique on peak ground reaction forces. J Sports Sci. 2013, 31:434-41. 10.1080\/02640414.2012.736628","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640410701501671","article-title":"The relationship between bowling action classification and three-dimensional lower trunk motion in fast bowlers in cricket","volume":"26","author":"Ranson CA","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ranson CA, Burnett AF, King M, Patel N, O'Sullivan PB. The relationship between bowling action classification and three-dimensional lower trunk motion in fast bowlers in cricket. J Sports Sci. 2008, 26:267-76. 10.1080\/02640410701501671","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640410903348665","article-title":"Movement patterns in cricket vary by both position and game format","volume":"28","author":"Petersen CJ","year":"2010","unstructured":"Petersen CJ, Pyne D, Dawson B, Portus M, Kellett A. Movement patterns in cricket vary by both position and game format. J Sports Sci. 2010, 28:45-52. 10.1080\/02640410903348665","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.36.4.270","article-title":"Injuries in Australian cricket at first class level 1995\/1996 to 2000\/2001","volume":"36","author":"Orchard J","year":"2002","unstructured":"Orchard J, James T, Alcott E, Carter S, Farhart P. Injuries in Australian cricket at first class level 1995\/1996 to 2000\/2001. Br J Sports Med. 2002, 36:270-4. 10.1136\/bjsm.36.4.270","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2006.05.001","article-title":"Injuries to elite male cricketers in Australia over a 10-year period","volume":"9","author":"Orchard JW","year":"2006","unstructured":"Orchard JW, James T, Portus MR. Injuries to elite male cricketers in Australia over a 10-year period. J Sci Med Sport. 2006, 9:459-67. 10.1016\/j.jsams.2006.05.001","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OAJSM.S117497","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of elite male cricket injuries using updated consensus definitions","volume":"7","author":"Orchard JW","year":"2016","unstructured":"Orchard JW, Kountouris A, Sims K. Incidence and prevalence of elite male cricket injuries using updated consensus definitions. Open Access J Sports Med. 2016, 7:187-94. 10.2147\/OAJSM.S117497","journal-title":"Open Access J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091337","article-title":"Injury in elite New Zealand cricketers 2002-2008: descriptive epidemiology","volume":"48","author":"Frost WL","year":"2014","unstructured":"Frost WL, Chalmers DJ. Injury in elite New Zealand cricketers 2002-2008: descriptive epidemiology. Br J Sports Med. 2014, 48:1002-7. 10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091337","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2002.000275","article-title":"Is risk of fast bowling injury in cricketers greatest in those who bowl most? A cohort of young English fast bowlers","volume":"38","author":"Gregory P","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gregory P, Batt M, Wallace W. Is risk of fast bowling injury in cricketers greatest in those who bowl most? A cohort of young English fast bowlers. Br J Sports Med. 2004, 38:125-8. 10.1136\/bjsm.2002.000275","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2011.01.002","article-title":"Lumbar vertebral stress injuries in fast bowlers: a review of prevalence and risk factors","volume":"13","author":"Johnson M","year":"2012","unstructured":"Johnson M, Ferreira M, Hush J. Lumbar vertebral stress injuries in fast bowlers: a review of prevalence and risk factors. Phys Ther Sport. 2012, 13:45-52. 10.1016\/j.ptsp.2011.01.002","journal-title":"Phys Ther Sport"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2005.018341","article-title":"Understanding injury mechanisms: a key component of preventing injuries in sport","volume":"39","author":"Bahr R","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bahr R, Krosshaug T. Understanding injury mechanisms: a key component of preventing injuries in sport. Br J Sports Med. 2005, 39:324-9. 10.1136\/bjsm.2005.018341","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-199407000-00004","article-title":"Assessing causation in sport injury: a multifactorial model","volume":"4","author":"Meeuwisse WH","year":"1994","unstructured":"Meeuwisse WH. Assessing causation in sport injury: a multifactorial model. Clin J Sport Med. 1994, 4:166-70. 10.1097\/00042752-199407000-00004","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2015.1086014","article-title":"Lumbar spinal loading during bowling in cricket: a kinetic analysis using a musculoskeletal modelling approach","volume":"34","author":"Zhang Y","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Ma Y, Liu G. Lumbar spinal loading during bowling in cricket: a kinetic analysis using a musculoskeletal modelling approach. J Sports Sci. 2016, 34:1030-5. 10.1080\/02640414.2015.1086014","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page MJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al.. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021, 372:n71. 10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10028-1637","article-title":"Comparative study on injury prevalence and incidence among elite female cricketers: \u201cthe English vs the Indians\u201d","volume":"57","author":"Bansal HK","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bansal HK, Nimishaanth SS. Comparative study on injury prevalence and incidence among elite female cricketers: \u201cthe English vs the Indians\u201d. J Postgrad Med Educ Res. 2023, 57:181-5. 10.5005\/jp-journals-10028-1637","journal-title":"J Postgrad Med Educ Res"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2022.2065929","article-title":"Bone health and asymmetry in elite female cricketers","volume":"23","author":"Alway P","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alway P, Wedatilake T, Peirce N, Warren A, King M, Brooke-Wavell K. Bone health and asymmetry in elite female cricketers. Eur J Sport Sci. 2023, 23:667-75. 10.1080\/17461391.2022.2065929","journal-title":"Eur J Sport Sci"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2023.2200520","article-title":"Cricket fast bowling: the relationship between range of motion and key performance and injury technique characteristics","volume":"41","author":"Felton PJ","year":"2023","unstructured":"Felton PJ, McCaig S, King MA. Cricket fast bowling: the relationship between range of motion and key performance and injury technique characteristics. J Sports Sci. 2023, 41:112-20. 10.1080\/02640414.2023.2200520","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2022-001481","article-title":"Lumbar spine bone mineral adaptation: cricket fast bowlers versus controls","volume":"9","author":"Keylock L","year":"2023","unstructured":"Keylock L, Alway P, Johnson W, Crabtree N, King M, Peirce N, Brooke-Wavell K. Lumbar spine bone mineral adaptation: cricket fast bowlers versus controls. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2023, 9:e001481. 10.1136\/bmjsem-2022-001481","journal-title":"BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"Quantifying injuries among New Zealand cricket fast bowlers: a 12-month retrospective injury surveillance","volume":"48","author":"Walter SI","year":"2022","unstructured":"Walter SI, Petersen CA, Basu AR. Quantifying injuries among New Zealand cricket fast bowlers: a 12-month retrospective injury surveillance. N Z J Sports Med. 2022, 48:46-51.","journal-title":"N Z J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2022.2080161","article-title":"Lumbar bone stress injuries and risk factors in adolescent cricket fast bowlers","volume":"40","author":"Keylock L","year":"2022","unstructured":"Keylock L, Alway P, Felton P, McCaig S, Brooke-Wavell K, King M, Peirce N. Lumbar bone stress injuries and risk factors in adolescent cricket fast bowlers. J Sports Sci. 2022, 40:1336-42. 10.1080\/02640414.2022.2080161","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2021.09.079","article-title":"Characteristics of elite cricket fast bowlers who do and do not sustain a lumbar bone stress injury: multifactorial analysis over 4 years","volume":"24","author":"Lucente A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lucente A, Saw A, Sims K, Saw R, Kountouris A, Crowther R. Characteristics of elite cricket fast bowlers who do and do not sustain a lumbar bone stress injury: multifactorial analysis over 4 years. J Sci Med Sport. 2021, 24:S29-30. 10.1016\/j.jsams.2021.09.079","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2021-001168","article-title":"Injury incidence within male elite New Zealand cricket from the early T20 era: 2009-2015","volume":"7","author":"Dovbysh T","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dovbysh T, Reid D, Shackel D. Injury incidence within male elite New Zealand cricket from the early T20 era: 2009-2015. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2021, 7:e001168. 10.1136\/bmjsem-2021-001168","journal-title":"BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002512","article-title":"Cricket fast bowling technique and lumbar bone stress injury","volume":"53","author":"Alway P","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alway P, Felton P, Brooke-Wavell K, Peirce N, King M. Cricket fast bowling technique and lumbar bone stress injury. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2021, 53:581-9. 10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002512","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36905\/jses.2021.02.01","article-title":"Multiple risk factors associated with lumbar bone stress injury in youth cricket fast bowlers","volume":"5","author":"Sims K","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sims K, Saw R, Saw AE, Kountouris A, Orchard JW. Multiple risk factors associated with lumbar bone stress injury in youth cricket fast bowlers. J Sport Exerc Sci. 2021, 5:92-100. 10.36905\/jses.2021.02.01","journal-title":"J Sport Exerc Sci"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Movement variability in the spinal kinematics of fast bowlers","volume":"38","author":"Perrett C","year":"2020","unstructured":"Perrett C, Bussey MD. Movement variability in the spinal kinematics of fast bowlers. ISBS Proc Arch. 2020, 38:284.","journal-title":"ISBS Proc Arch"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10028-1410","article-title":"Noninvasive method of force estimation of lower limb muscles in cricket fast bowlers: can this be an application to minimize potential injury?","volume":"54","author":"Badhyal S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Badhyal S, Kaur H, Tiwari AK, Dhillon S, Thiagarajan KA, Arumugam S, Dhillon MS. Noninvasive method of force estimation of lower limb muscles in cricket fast bowlers: can this be an application to minimize potential injury?. J Postgrad Med Educ Res. 2020, 54:236-40. 10.5005\/jp-journals-10028-1410","journal-title":"J Postgrad Med Educ Res"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47203\/IJCH.2020.v32i03.023","article-title":"Epidemiology of annual musculoskeletal injuries among male cricket players in India","volume":"32","author":"Rao MR","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rao MR, Srinivasan TM, Itagi RK. Epidemiology of annual musculoskeletal injuries among male cricket players in India. Indian J Community Health. 2020, 32:590-3. 10.47203\/IJCH.2020.v32i03.023","journal-title":"Indian J Community Health"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2020.03.009","article-title":"Injuries in England and Wales elite men's domestic cricket: a nine season review from 2010 to 2018","volume":"23","author":"Goggins L","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goggins L, Peirce N, Ranson C, et al.. Injuries in England and Wales elite men's domestic cricket: a nine season review from 2010 to 2018. J Sci Med Sport. 2020, 23:836-40. 10.1016\/j.jsams.2020.03.009","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2020.1741972","article-title":"A biomechanical comparison of conventional classifications of bowling action-types in junior fast bowlers","volume":"38","author":"Schaefer A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schaefer A, Ferdinands RE, O'Dwyer N, Edwards S. A biomechanical comparison of conventional classifications of bowling action-types in junior fast bowlers. J Sports Sci. 2020, 38:1085-95. 10.1080\/02640414.2020.1741972","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"Does cricket fast bowling lumbar spine kinematics contribute to lumbar bone stress injury?","volume":"38","author":"Alway P","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alway P, Felton P, Peirce N, Kerslake R, Brooke-Wavell K, King M. Does cricket fast bowling lumbar spine kinematics contribute to lumbar bone stress injury?. ISBS Proc Arch. 2020, 38:740.","journal-title":"ISBS Proc Arch"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2019.01.018","article-title":"Injury profiles in elite women's T20 cricket","volume":"22","author":"Warren A","year":"2019","unstructured":"Warren A, Dale S, McCaig S, Ranson C. Injury profiles in elite women's T20 cricket. J Sci Med Sport. 2019, 22:775-9. 10.1016\/j.jsams.2019.01.018","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2018.11.025","article-title":"Match injuries in Sri Lankan junior cricket: a prospective, longitudinal study","volume":"22","author":"Gamage PJ","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gamage PJ, Fortington LV, Kountouris A, Finch CF. Match injuries in Sri Lankan junior cricket: a prospective, longitudinal study. J Sci Med Sport. 2019, 22:647-52. 10.1016\/j.jsams.2018.11.025","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2019-000529","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of lumbar stress fracture in English County Cricket fast bowlers, association with bowling workload and seasonal variation","volume":"5","author":"Alway P","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alway P, Brooke-Wavell K, Langley B, King M, Peirce N. Incidence and prevalence of lumbar stress fracture in English County Cricket fast bowlers, association with bowling workload and seasonal variation. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2019, 5:e000529. 10.1136\/bmjsem-2019-000529","journal-title":"BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/asjsm.58016","article-title":"Are Indian cricket fast bowlers at risk of injury? A 3D biomechanical investigation","volume":"9","author":"Krishna SA","year":"2018","unstructured":"Krishna SA, Alwar T, Sayed A, Mb G, Sivaraman A. Are Indian cricket fast bowlers at risk of injury? A 3D biomechanical investigation. Asian J Sports Med. 2018, 9:e5760. 10.5812\/asjsm.58016","journal-title":"Asian J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2017.1330548","article-title":"Consistency of kinematic and kinetic patterns during a prolonged spell of cricket fast bowling: an exploratory laboratory study","volume":"36","author":"Schaefer A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schaefer A, O'dwyer N, Ferdinands RE, Edwards S. Consistency of kinematic and kinetic patterns during a prolonged spell of cricket fast bowling: an exploratory laboratory study. J Sports Sci. 2018, 36:679-90. 10.1080\/02640414.2017.1330548","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"Prevalence of musculoskeletal problems in cricket players","volume":"7","author":"Sathya P","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sathya P, Parekh RN. Prevalence of musculoskeletal problems in cricket players. Int J Health Sci Res. 2017, 7:210-5.","journal-title":"Int J Health Sci Res"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2015.02.011","article-title":"Lumbar load in adolescent fast bowlers: a prospective injury study","volume":"19","author":"Bayne H","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bayne H, Elliott B, Campbell A, Alderson J. Lumbar load in adolescent fast bowlers: a prospective injury study. J Sci Med Sport. 2016, 19:117-22. 10.1016\/j.jsams.2015.02.011","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2014.11.183","article-title":"Different tissue type categories of overuse injuries to cricket fast bowlers have different severity and incidence, which varies with age","volume":"27","author":"Blanch P","year":"2015","unstructured":"Blanch P, Orchard J, Kountouris A, Sims K, Beakley D. Different tissue type categories of overuse injuries to cricket fast bowlers have different severity and incidence, which varies with age. S Afr J Sports. 2015, 27:108-13. 10.1016\/j.jsams.2014.11.183","journal-title":"S Afr J Sports"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2014-093683","article-title":"Cricket fast bowling workload patterns as risk factors for tendon, muscle, bone and joint injuries","volume":"49","author":"Orchard JW","year":"2015","unstructured":"Orchard JW, Blanch P, Paoloni J, Kountouris A, Sims K, Orchard JJ, Brukner P. Cricket fast bowling workload patterns as risk factors for tendon, muscle, bone and joint injuries. Br J Sports Med. 2015, 49:1064-8. 10.1136\/bjsports-2014-093683","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091783","article-title":"International cricket injury surveillance: a report of five teams competing in the ICC Cricket World Cup 2011","volume":"47","author":"Ranson C","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ranson C, Hurley R, Rugless L, Mansingh A, Cole J. International cricket injury surveillance: a report of five teams competing in the ICC Cricket World Cup 2011. Br J Sports Med. 2013, 47:637-43. 10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091783","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.29.3.354","article-title":"Kinetic sensitivity of a new lumbo-pelvic model to variation in segment parameter input","volume":"29","author":"Crewe H","year":"2013","unstructured":"Crewe H, Campbell A, Elliott B, Alderson J. Kinetic sensitivity of a new lumbo-pelvic model to variation in segment parameter input. J Appl Biomech. 2013, 29:354-9. 10.1123\/jab.29.3.354","journal-title":"J Appl Biomech"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2012.762601","article-title":"Lumbo-pelvic loading during fast bowling in adolescent cricketers: the influence of bowling speed and technique","volume":"31","author":"Crewe H","year":"2013","unstructured":"Crewe H, Campbell A, Elliott B, Alderson J. Lumbo-pelvic loading during fast bowling in adolescent cricketers: the influence of bowling speed and technique. J Sports Sci. 2013, 31:1082-90. 10.1080\/02640414.2012.762601","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17159\/2078-516X\/2012\/v24i1a360","article-title":"A 3-year investigation into the incidence and nature of cricket injuries in elite South African schoolboy cricketers","volume":"24","author":"Stretch RA","year":"2012","unstructured":"Stretch RA, Trella C. A 3-year investigation into the incidence and nature of cricket injuries in elite South African schoolboy cricketers. S Afr J Sports Med. 2012, 24:10-4. 10.17159\/2078-516X\/2012\/v24i1a360","journal-title":"S Afr J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"The relationship between shoulder counter-rotation and lumbar mechanics during fast bowling","author":"Crewe H","year":"2011","unstructured":"Crewe H, Campbell A, Elliott B, Alderson J. The relationship between shoulder counter-rotation and lumbar mechanics during fast bowling. ISBS Proc Arch. 2011, 4776.","journal-title":"ISBS Proc Arch"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17159\/2078-516X\/2011\/v23i2a350","article-title":"Injury patterns of South African international cricket players over a two-season period","volume":"23","author":"Stretch RA","year":"2011","unstructured":"Stretch RA, Raffan RP. Injury patterns of South African international cricket players over a two-season period. S Afr J Sports Med. 2011, 23:45-9. 10.17159\/2078-516X\/2011\/v23i2a350","journal-title":"S Afr J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.26.1.52","article-title":"Three-dimensional trunk kinematics and low back pain in elite female fast bowlers","volume":"26","author":"Stuelcken MC","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stuelcken MC, Ferdinands RE, Sinclair PJ. Three-dimensional trunk kinematics and low back pain in elite female fast bowlers. J Appl Biomech. 2010, 26:52-61. 10.1123\/jab.26.1.52","journal-title":"J Appl Biomech"},{"key":"ref47","article-title":"Lumbar kinematics and kinetics of young Australian fast bowlers","author":"Ferdinands RE","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ferdinands RE, Stuelcken M, Sinclair PJ, Greene A, Smith R. Lumbar kinematics and kinetics of young Australian fast bowlers. Proc 28th Int Conf Biomech Sports. 2010, 1-4.","journal-title":"Proc 28th Int Conf Biomech Sports"},{"key":"ref48","article-title":"The velocity dependence of techniques commonly linked with lower back injury in cricket fast bowling","author":"Middleton K","year":"2009","unstructured":"Middleton K, Chauhan P, Elliott B, Alderson J. The velocity dependence of techniques commonly linked with lower back injury in cricket fast bowling. ISBS Proc Arch. 2009, 3382.","journal-title":"ISBS Proc Arch"},{"key":"ref49","article-title":"Acute lumbar stress injury, trunk kinematics, lumbar MRI and paraspinal muscle morphology in fast bowlers in cricket","author":"Ranson C","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ranson C, Burnett A, King M, O\u2019Sullivan P, Cornish R, Batt M. Acute lumbar stress injury, trunk kinematics, lumbar MRI and paraspinal muscle morphology in fast bowlers in cricket. ISBS Proc Arch. 2008, 2037.","journal-title":"ISBS Proc Arch"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/436109-biomechanical-evolution-in-longitudinal-analysis-of-lumbar-stress-injuries-in-fast-bowlers-a-systematic-review","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T11:45:41Z","timestamp":1765885541000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/436109-biomechanical-evolution-in-longitudinal-analysis-of-lumbar-stress-injuries-in-fast-bowlers-a-systematic-review"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"references-count":49,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.99363","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]}}}