{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T11:34:11Z","timestamp":1766489651425,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.99916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T11:30:46Z","timestamp":1766489446000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bite to Brain: Unwitnessed Pediatric Neurotoxic Envenomation Mimicking Brain Death"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Pawan K","family":"Ghanghoriya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaunak","family":"Rangarh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jayas","family":"Jagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Lazarus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arvinder","family":"Wander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Snakebite envenoming. (2023). Accessed. November 3, 2025: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/snakebite-envenoming."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.54076","article-title":"Trends in snakebite deaths in India from 2000 to 2019 in a nationally representative mortality study","volume":"9","author":"Suraweera W","year":"2020","unstructured":"Suraweera W, Warrell D, Whitaker R, et al.. Trends in snakebite deaths in India from 2000 to 2019 in a nationally representative mortality study. Elife. 2020, 9:e54076. 10.7554\/eLife.54076","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12245-024-00796-x","article-title":"Clinical and demographic profiling of snakebite envenomation in a tertiary care centre in northern India","volume":"18","author":"Sasidharan P","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sasidharan P, Kaeley N, Mahala P, et al.. Clinical and demographic profiling of snakebite envenomation in a tertiary care centre in northern India. Int J Emerg Med. 2025, 18:50. 10.1186\/s12245-024-00796-x","journal-title":"Int J Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2700.115343","article-title":"Demographic, epidemiologic and clinical profile of snake bite cases, presented to Emergency Medicine department, Ahmedabad, Gujarat","volume":"6","author":"Jarwani B","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jarwani B, Jadav P, Madaiya M. Demographic, epidemiologic and clinical profile of snake bite cases, presented to Emergency Medicine department, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. J Emerg Trauma Shock. 2013, 6:199-202. 10.4103\/0974-2700.115343","journal-title":"J Emerg Trauma Shock"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4103\/1755-6783.140224","article-title":"Empirical use of anti-snake venom in the early morning neuroparalysis","volume":"6","author":"Kshirsagar VY","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kshirsagar VY, Ahmed M, Colaco SM. Empirical use of anti-snake venom in the early morning neuroparalysis. Ann Trop Med Public Health. 2013, 6:627-31.","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Public Health"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"Unwitnessed snake bite in children - a challenge in diagnosis and management: a case report","volume":"25","author":"Yee LS","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yee LS, Abu Bakar NZ, Abidin IZ. Unwitnessed snake bite in children - a challenge in diagnosis and management: a case report. Malays J Paediatr Child Health. 2019, 25:23-26.","journal-title":"Malays J Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Management of undiagnosed case of snakebite patient with respiratory failure in ICU","volume":"8","author":"Chatrath V","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chatrath V, Khetarpal R, Bala A, Kamboj A, Gupta M. Management of undiagnosed case of snakebite patient with respiratory failure in ICU. GMC Patiala Journal of Research and Medical. 2025, 8:39-40.","journal-title":"GMC Patiala Journal of Research and Medical"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.78.919.276","article-title":"Common krait (Bungarus caeruleus) bite in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka: a prospective clinical study, 1996-98","volume":"78","author":"Kularatne SA","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kularatne SA. Common krait (Bungarus caeruleus) bite in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka: a prospective clinical study, 1996-98. Postgrad Med J. 2002, 78:276-80. 10.1136\/pmj.78.919.276","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X20946047","article-title":"Delayed antivenom for life-threatening tiger snake bite: lessons learnt","volume":"48","author":"Tibballs J","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tibballs J, Padula AM, Winkel KD, Jackson HD. Delayed antivenom for life-threatening tiger snake bite: lessons learnt. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2020, 48:399-403. 10.1177\/0310057X20946047","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Early morning neuroparalytic syndrome - a diagnostic dilemma. A case report","volume":"9","author":"Sahoo B","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sahoo B, Mishra R, Jain MK, Behera JR, Rup AR, Das AK, Patnaik S. Early morning neuroparalytic syndrome - a diagnostic dilemma. A case report. J Pediat Crit Care. 2022, 9:142-143.","journal-title":"J Pediat Crit Care"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10071-24917","article-title":"Biomarkers in snakebite: will this be a reality in near future?","volume":"29","author":"Daga MK","year":"2025","unstructured":"Daga MK, Kumar N, Singh H. Biomarkers in snakebite: will this be a reality in near future?. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2025, 29:104-5. 10.5005\/jp-journals-10071-24917","journal-title":"Indian J Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0049475514521802","article-title":"Premonitory signs and symptoms of envenoming by common krait (Bungarus caeruleus)","volume":"44","author":"Bawaskar HS","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bawaskar HS, Bawaskar PH, Bawaskar PH. Premonitory signs and symptoms of envenoming by common krait (Bungarus caeruleus). Trop Doct. 2014, 44:82-5. 10.1177\/0049475514521802","journal-title":"Trop Doct"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins15010049","article-title":"Neuromuscular weakness and paralysis produced by snakebite envenoming: mechanisms and proposed standards for clinical assessment","volume":"15","author":"Bickler PE","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bickler PE, Abouyannis M, Bhalla A, Lewin MR. Neuromuscular weakness and paralysis produced by snakebite envenoming: mechanisms and proposed standards for clinical assessment. Toxins (Basel). 2023, 15:49. 10.3390\/toxins15010049","journal-title":"Toxins (Basel)"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmz084","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcomes of early morning neuroparalytic syndrome following snake bite-a retrospective study","volume":"66","author":"Samprathi M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Samprathi M, Gupta V, Jayashree M, Bansal A, Baranwal A, Nallasamy K. Epidemiology and outcomes of early morning neuroparalytic syndrome following snake bite-a retrospective study. J Trop Pediatr. 2020, 66:435-40. 10.1093\/tropej\/fmz084","journal-title":"J Trop Pediatr"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Two cases of early morning neuroparalytic syndrome (EMNS) in the tropics - masquerading as brain death","volume":"66","author":"Anadure RK","year":"2018","unstructured":"Anadure RK, Narayanan CS, Hande V, Singhal A, Varadaraj G. Two cases of early morning neuroparalytic syndrome (EMNS) in the tropics - masquerading as brain death. J Assoc Physicians India. 2018, 66:92-5.","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"key":"ref16","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Guidelines for the management of snakebites, 2nd edition. (2016). https.\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789290225300."},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"STANDARD TREATMENT GUIDELINES. Management of Snake Bite. Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India","author":"Ministry of Health & Family Welfare","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. Standard Treatment Guidelines. Management of Snake Bite. Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, New Delhi, India; 2016. https:\/\/nhm.gov.in\/images\/pdf\/guidelines\/nrhm-guidelines\/stg\/Snakebite_Full.pdf."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2010.01.002","article-title":"Role of neostigmine and polyvalent antivenom in Indian common krait (Bungarus caeruleus) bite","volume":"3","author":"Anil A","year":"2010","unstructured":"Anil A, Singh S, Bhalla A, Sharma N, Agarwal R, Simpson ID. Role of neostigmine and polyvalent antivenom in Indian common krait (Bungarus caeruleus) bite. J Infect Public Health. 2010, 3:83-7. 10.1016\/j.jiph.2010.01.002","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-020-03602-7","article-title":"Neurotoxic snake envenomation: neostigmine-induced paradoxical weakness","volume":"88","author":"Karthika IK","year":"2021","unstructured":"Karthika IK, Satapathy AK. Neurotoxic snake envenomation: neostigmine-induced paradoxical weakness. Indian J Pediatr. 2021, 88:406. 10.1007\/s12098-020-03602-7","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1652_21","article-title":"Dramatic neuromuscular paralysis following occult snakebites. An awareness for the primary care physician","volume":"11","author":"Mehta V","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mehta V, Kumar R, Prabhakar R, Sharma CB, Thomas A. Dramatic neuromuscular paralysis following occult snakebites. An awareness for the primary care physician. J Family Med Prim Care. 2022, 11:386-9. 10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1652_21","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/446701-bite-to-brain-unwitnessed-pediatric-neurotoxic-envenomation-mimicking-brain-death","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T11:30:48Z","timestamp":1766489448000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/446701-bite-to-brain-unwitnessed-pediatric-neurotoxic-envenomation-mimicking-brain-death"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"references-count":20,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.99916","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]}}}