{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:36:28Z","timestamp":1792798588877,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1499,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"DOI":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,18]],"date-time":"2020-03-18T12:15:36Z","timestamp":1584533736000},"page":"146-150","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Heart failure and acute renal dysfunction in the cardiorenal syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Rajinder S","family":"Chahal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chukwuma A","family":"Chukwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul R","family":"Kalra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip A","family":"Kalra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32520-5","article-title":"Temporal trends and patterns in heart failure incidence: a population-based study of 4 million individuals","volume":"391","author":"Conrad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2017-312183","article-title":"Routes to diagnosis of heart failure: observational study using linked data in England","volume":"104","author":"Bottle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e003529","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.003529","article-title":"Thirty years of evidence on the efficacy of drug treatments for chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction","volume":"10","author":"Burnett","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1409077","article-title":"Angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure","volume":"371","author":"McMurray","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1908655","article-title":"Angiotensin\u2013neprilysin inhibition in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"381","author":"Solomon","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib6","series-title":"National heart failure audit: 2016\/17 summary report","author":"National Cardiac Audit Programme.","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.2.203","article-title":"Renal function, neurohormonal activation and survival in patients with chronic heart failure","volume":"102","author":"Hillege","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv010","article-title":"The kidney in heart failure: an update","volume":"36","author":"Damman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.07.031","article-title":"Incidence, predictors at admission, and impact of worsening renal function among patients hospitalized with heart failure","volume":"43","author":"Forman","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-008-0033-1","article-title":"The cardiorenal connection in heart failure","volume":"10","author":"Rastogi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Cardiol Rep"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2007.03.011","article-title":"High prevalence of renal dysfunction and its impact on outcome in 118,465 patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure: a report from the ADHERE database","volume":"13","author":"Heywood","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.580506","article-title":"Renal function as a predictor of outcome in a broad spectrum of patients with heart failure","volume":"113","author":"Hillege","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht386","article-title":"Renal impairment, worsening renal function, and outcome in patients with heart failure: an updated meta-analysis","volume":"35","author":"Damman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2018.07.019","article-title":"Worsening renal function during decongestion among patients hospitalized for heart failure: Findings from the Evaluation Study of Congestive Heart Failure and Pulmonary Artery Catheterization Effectiveness (ESCAPE) trial","volume":"204","author":"Fudim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib15","series-title":"Oxford textbook of clinical nephrology","author":"Turner","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s11897-004-0020-9","article-title":"Cardiorenal syndrome in decompensated heart failure: prognostic and therapeutic implications","volume":"1","author":"Boerrigter","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Heart Fail Rep"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib17","first-page":"251","article-title":"Cardiorenal syndrome: Pathophysiology","volume":"37","author":"Kumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cardiol Clin"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.01.077","article-title":"Cardiorenal syndrome type 1: pathophysiological crosstalk leading to combined heart and kidney dysfunction in the setting of acutely decompensated heart failure","volume":"60","author":"Ronco","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.08.072","article-title":"Cardiorenal interactions: insights from the ESCAPE trial","volume":"51","author":"Nohria","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib20","first-page":"267","article-title":"Treatment of cardiorenal syndrome","volume":"37","author":"Rubinstein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cardiol Clin"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2012.279","article-title":"Cardiorenal syndrome: Pathophysiology and potential targets for clinical management","volume":"9","author":"Hatamizadeh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e840","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000664","article-title":"Cardiorenal syndrome: Classification, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment strategies: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"139","author":"Rangaswami","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.79.931.268","article-title":"Mechanisms and management of diuretic resistance in congestive heart failure","volume":"79","author":"De Bruyne","year":"2003","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.114.001957","volume":"8","author":"Lala","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.07.073","article-title":"Ultrafiltration versus intravenous diuretics for patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure","volume":"49","author":"Costanzo","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-011-9295-6","article-title":"ACE inhibitor therapy for heart failure in patients with impaired renal function: a review of the literature","volume":"18","author":"Valika","year":"2013","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2296","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1210357","article-title":"Ultrafiltration in decompensated heart failure with cardiorenal syndrome","volume":"367","author":"Bart","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-010-2113-0","article-title":"Clinical presentation, management and outcomes in the Acute Heart Failure Global Survey of Standard Treatment (ALARM-HF)","volume":"37","author":"Follath","year":"2011","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2004.08.005","article-title":"Characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized for heart failure in the United States: rationale, design, and preliminary observations from the first 100,000 cases in the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE)","volume":"149","author":"Adams","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejheart.2007.05.010","article-title":"Decreased cardiac output, venous congestion and the association with renal impairment in patients with cardiac dysfunction","volume":"9","author":"Damman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.05.068","article-title":"Importance of venous congestion for worsening of renal function in advanced decompensated heart failure","volume":"53","author":"Mullens","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.118.005552","article-title":"Renal effects of intensive volume removal in heart failure patients with pre-existing worsening renal function","volume":"12","author":"Rao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib33","series-title":"Acute kidney injury: prevention, detection and management. Clinical guideline [CG169].","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib34","series-title":"Chronic kidney disease in adults: assessment and management. Clinical guideline [CG182].","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib35","series-title":"Chronic heart failure in adults: diagnosis and management. NICE guideline [NG106].","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw128","article-title":"2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The task force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)","volume":"37","author":"Ponikowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2018-314158","article-title":"Change in renal function associated with drug treatment in heart failure: national guidance","volume":"105","author":"Clark","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib38","first-page":"810","article-title":"Multidisciplinary strategies for the management of heart failure patients at high risk for admission A systematic review of randomized trials","volume":"44","author":"Finlay","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.11.1358","article-title":"Comprehensive discharge planning with post discharge support for older patients with congestive heart failure: a meta-analysis","volume":"291","author":"Phillips","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422_bib40","series-title":"Heart failure nurse services in England: Executive summary","author":"British Heart Foundation","year":"2008"}],"container-title":["Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1470211824036820?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1470211824036820?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T06:39:29Z","timestamp":1761460769000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1470211824036820"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1470211824036820"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422","relation":{},"ISSN":["1470-2118"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1470-2118","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Heart failure and acute renal dysfunction in the cardiorenal syndrome","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7861\/clinmed.2019-0422","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"simple-article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 Royal College of Physicians 2020. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}