{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T23:51:26Z","timestamp":1746489086156},"reference-count":4,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]],"date-time":"2013-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375315200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Ultrasound Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to construct an anatomically correct phantom for visualization of anal sphincter complex structures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>To make an endoanal ultrasound phantom, we experimented with a variety of commercially available materials to simulate hyperechoic, hypoechoic, and isoechoic tissue consistency. We created external anal sphincter muscle and the levator plate using stand\u2010alone density gel and microbubbles to simulate the echogenicity of the muscles. A mold was created in a container, the muscles were inserted, and the mold was filled with high\u2010density clear gel and allowed to fill. Once finished, the container was sealed tightly and stored for later use. To evaluate the accuracy of the model, 6 ultrasound imaging raters from different disciplines were included. The raters were administered a 6\u2010item Internet\u2010based interactive test using 2\u2010dimensional images obtained from scanning the phantom. Rater agreement was determined. The Fleiss \u03bastatistic was calculated to determine inter\u2010rater reliability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The raters identified the structures in 32 (89%) of 36 test questions. There was good to excellent agreement among the readers. Agreement rates for visualization of the external anal sphincter, perineal body, and internal anal sphincter were 67%, 83%, and 100%, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>An endoanal phantom can be constructed as a simulator for endoanal sonography.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.32.8.1393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,25]],"date-time":"2013-07-25T17:24:23Z","timestamp":1374773063000},"page":"1393-1396","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Development of an In\u2010house Endoanal Ultrasound Teaching Phantom"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"S. Abbas","family":"Shobeiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ghazaleh","family":"Rostaminia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hediyeh","family":"Shobeiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-009-0976-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.1715"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"182","article-title":"PelvicSim: a computational-experimental system for biomechanical evaluation of female pelvic floor organ disorders and associated minimally invasive interventions","volume":"119","author":"Haridas B","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2010.07.005"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.7863%2Fultra.32.8.1393","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.7863%2Fultra.32.8.1393","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.7863\/ultra.32.8.1393","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T11:31:07Z","timestamp":1700652667000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.7863\/ultra.32.8.1393"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"references-count":4,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.7863\/ultra.32.8.1393"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7863\/ultra.32.8.1393","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-4297","1550-9613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-4297","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-9613","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-11-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-01-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-08-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}