{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T02:58:46Z","timestamp":1777517926355,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]],"date-time":"2015-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81200086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81200086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Ultrasound Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>We hypothesized that left ventricular (LV) remodeling might be exaggerated by an impaired coronary flow reserve in mice with chronic severe aortic regurgitation, and carvedilol, a \u03b2\u2010adrenoceptor blocker, could regress the course.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Severe aortic regurgitation was induced by retrograde puncture of the aortic valve leaflets under sonographic guidance in 12\u2010week\u2010old male C57BL\/6J mice. Four weeks after regurgitation, the mice were treated with carvedilol (30 mg\/kg\/d) or not treated (control). Before and 4 weeks after carvedilol treatment, the coronary flow reserve and LV structure and function were evaluated by echocardiography. Cardiomyocytes and fibrosis were validated by histologic analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Four\u2010week aortic regurgitation caused a decreased LV ejection fraction and an increased LV end\u2010systolic volume index. Regurgitation also impaired the coronary flow reserve due to an increase in the basal coronary peak diastolic velocity and velocity\u2010time integral combined with the absence of substantial changes in the hyperemic coronary peak diastolic velocity and velocity\u2010time integral. Four more weeks of regurgitation further deteriorated LV remodeling and coronary perfusion in the control group. In contrast, the carvedilol\u2010treated group showed attenuated LV remodeling and a higher coronary flow reserve by decreasing the basal peak diastolic velocity and velocity\u2010time integral without substantial changes in the hyperemic peak diastolic velocity and velocity\u2010time integral. The coronary flow reserve and its pretreatment versus posttreatment difference were positively correlated with the pretreatment versus posttreatment LV ejection fraction and end\u2010systolic volume index differences. In the carvedilol\u2010treated group, subendocardial fibrosis was significantly reduced (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05), and the cardiomyocyte cross\u2010sectional area tended to be smaller.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title><jats:p>In mice with chronic severe aortic regurgitation, carvedilol therapy significantly improves the impaired coronary flow reserve and sufficiently attenuates adverse LV remodeling. Sustained coronary flow reserve impairment indicates progressive LV remodeling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.34.3.483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,26]],"date-time":"2015-02-26T09:48:36Z","timestamp":1424944116000},"page":"483-493","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Characterization of Coronary Flow Reserve and Left Ventricular Remodeling in a Mouse Model of Chronic Aortic Regurgitation With Carvedilol 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