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World Health Organization (WHO). Rubella. Available at <https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/rubella>. Accessed April 27, 2023."},{"key":"2","unstructured":"2. National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis and Infectious Diseases Control Division, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Rubella and congenital rubella syndrome. Available at <https:\/\/www.niid.go.jp\/niid\/ja\/rubella-m-111\/rubella-iasrtpc\/9866-487t.html>. Accessed April 27, 2023. Japanese."},{"key":"3","unstructured":"3. National Institute of Infectious Diseases. Rubella outbreak trend survey. Available at <https:\/\/www.niid.go.jp\/niid\/ja\/hassei\/3086-rubella-sokuhou-rireki.html>. Accessed April 27, 2023. Japanese."},{"key":"4","unstructured":"4. City of Yokohama: Yokohama City outbreak trends survey of infectious diseases. Available at <https:\/\/www.city.yokohama.lg.jp\/kurashi\/kenko-iryo\/eiken\/kansen-center\/kansensho\/surveillance.html#zensu>. Accessed April 27, 2023. Japanese."},{"key":"5","unstructured":"5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Rubella; 2021. In: Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases. 2021. Available at <https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vaccines\/pubs\/pinkbook\/rubella.html>. Accessed April 27, 2023."},{"key":"6","unstructured":"6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Elimination of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome-United States, 1969\u20132004. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2005;54:279-282."},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Yamamoto K, Suzuki M, Ujiie M, et al. Catch-up immunization for adolescents and young adults during pre-travel consultation in Japan. PLoS One. 2021;16:e0258357.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0258357"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. Urabe CT, Tanaka G, Oshima T, et al. Comparing catch-up vaccination programs based on analysis of 2012\u201313 rubella outbreak in Kawasaki City, Japan. 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Prevention of measles, rubella, congenital rubella syndrome, and mumps, 2013: summary recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep. 2013;62:1\u201334. Erratum in: MMWR Recomm Rep. 2015;64:259."},{"key":"13","unstructured":"13. Itakura A, Satoh S, Aoki S, et al. CQ605: how to diagnose rubella in pregnant women and what to do for the newborn? In: Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG), and Japan Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (JAOG), editors. Guidelines for Obstetrical Practice in Japan. 2020th ed. Tokyo: Kyorinsha; 2020. p. 304-307. Japanese."},{"key":"14","unstructured":"14. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Laboratory support for surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases. In: Manual for the Surveillance of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases. 2021. Available at <https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vaccines\/pubs\/surv-manual\/chpt22-lab-support.html>. Accessed April 27, 2023."},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"15. Okuda M, Yamanaka M, Takahashi T, et al. Positive rates for rubella antibody in pregnant women and benefit of post-partum vaccination in a Japanese perinatal center. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2008;34:168-173.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2007.00689.x"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. De Santis M, Cavaliere AF, Straface G, et al. Rubella infection in pregnancy. Reprod Toxicol. 2006;21:390-398.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2005.01.014"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Cradock-Watson JE, Bourne MS, Vandervelde EM. IgG, IgA, and IgM responses in acute rubella were determined by the immunofluorescent technique. J Hyg (Lond). 1972;70:473-485.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400063063"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"18. Hanaoka M, Hisano M, Watanabe N, et al. Changes in the prevalence of the measles, rubella, varicella-zoster, and mumps virus antibody titers in Japanese pregnant women. Vaccine. 2013;31:2343-2347.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.03.012"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19. Kumakura S, Shibata H, Isobe T, et al. Comparison of hemagglutination inhibition assay and enzyme immunoassay for determination of mumps and rubella immune status in health care personnel. J Clin Lab Anal. 2013;27:418-421.","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.21621"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20. Vauloup-Fellous C. Standardization of rubella immunoassays. J Clin Virol. 2018;102:34-38.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2018.02.006"},{"key":"21","unstructured":"21. Japan Ministry of Health, Labour and welfare. Guideline for the prevention of specific infectious diseases related to rubella. Available at <https:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/file\/06-Seisakujouhou-10900000-Kenkoukyoku\/0000186690.pdf>. Accessed February 5, 2023. Japanese."},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22. Banatvala JE, Best JM, O'Shea S, et al. Persistence of rubella antibodies after vaccination: detection after experimental challenge. Rev Infect Dis. 1985;7 Suppl 1:S86-S90.","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/7.Supplement_1.S86"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23. Almeida JD, Griffith AH. Viral infections and rheumatic factor. Lancet. 1980;2:1361-1362.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)92419-8"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24. Thomas HI, Morgan-Capner P, Roberts A, et al. Persistent rubella-specific IgM reactivity in the absence of recent primary rubella and rubella re-infection. J Med Virol. 1992;36:188-192.","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890360308"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25. Thomas HI, Morgan-Capner P, Enders G, et al. Persistence of specific IgM and low avidity specific IgG1 following primary rubella. 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Accessed May 18, 2023. 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