{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T14:10:07Z","timestamp":1758895807909,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Brighthall","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To describe the clinical use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and screening tools (STs) for low back pain (LBP) in clinics of chiropractic teaching institutions in the United States.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A descriptive analysis was completed with data collection achieved between June 2018 and March 2019. PROMs\/STs were classified as disability\/functional measures, pain measures, psychosocial measures, and other measures. Frequencies of use of PROM\/ST instruments were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Representatives from 18 of 19 chiropractic institutions (94.75%) provided a description of PROM\/ST use for LBP in their teaching clinics. Seventeen institutions (94.4%) reported the routine clinical use of PROMs\/STs for LBP. Disability\/functional measures were the most common type of instruments used, followed by pain measures, psychosocial measures, and others. The 4 most common individual PROMs\/STs reported were (1) Oswestry Disability Index, (2) a variation of a pain rating scale, (3) Keele STarT Back Tool, and (4) Patient Specific Functional Scale. Six out of 18 (33%) institutions reported the use of a PROM\/ST specifically designed to focus on psychosocial influences.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Most chiropractic institution teaching clinics in the United States reported the clinical use of PROMs\/STs for patients presenting with LBP. This mirrors trends in chiropractic literature of increasing use of PROMs\/STs. A minority of institutions described the clinical use of a PROM\/ST specifically designed to detect psychosocial influences.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7899\/jce-19-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,28]],"date-time":"2020-07-28T15:44:50Z","timestamp":1595951090000},"page":"144-148","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A descriptive analysis of clinical application of patient-reported outcome measures and screening tools for low back pain patients in US chiropractic teaching institutions"],"prefix":"10.7899","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Jesse C.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jordan A.","family":"Gliedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine A.","family":"Pohlman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4650","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021031217400344700_i1042-5055-35-1-144-b01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clark\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Horton\n              R.\n            \n          \n          Low back pain: a major global challenge.\n\t\t\t\t\tLancet.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t391(10137):\n\t\t\t\t\t2302.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30725-6"},{"key":"2021031217400344700_i1042-5055-35-1-144-b02","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hartvigsen\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Hancock\n              MJ,\n            \n            \n              Kongsted\n              A,\n            \n            et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention.\n\t\t\t\t\tLancet.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t391(10137):\n\t\t\t\t\t2356\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t2367.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30480-X"},{"key":"2021031217400344700_i1042-5055-35-1-144-b03","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Global Burden of Disease, Injury, Incidence, Prevalence Collaborators.\n\t\t\t\t\tGlobal, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990\u20132015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015.Lancet.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t388(10053):\n\t\t\t\t\t1545\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1602.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31678-6"},{"key":"2021031217400344700_i1042-5055-35-1-144-b04","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Freburger\n              JK,\n            \n            \n              Holmes\n              GM,\n            \n            \n              Agans\n              RP,\n            \n            et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          The rising prevalence of chronic low back pain.\n\t\t\t\t\tArch Intern Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t169(3):\n\t\t\t\t\t251\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t258.","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2008.543"},{"key":"2021031217400344700_i1042-5055-35-1-144-b05","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qaseem\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Wilt\n              TJ,\n            \n            \n              McLean\n              RM,\n            \n            \n              Forciea\n              MA;\n            \n          \n          Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians. 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