{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T10:07:52Z","timestamp":1789207672428,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Brighthall","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Chiropr Educ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study explored chiropractic students\u2019 self-reported understanding and attitudes regarding motivational interviewing (MI), and examined the relationship between students\u2019 patient-centered communication (PCC)-related attitudes and beliefs and intent to use MI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An explanatory sequential mixed methods study was conducted with full-time chiropractic students enrolled across 7 North American doctor of chiropractic degree programs. Eligible students completed an online survey; descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to examine the relationship between PCC-related attitudes and beliefs and intent to use MI. Following the survey, students were invited to participate in virtual interviews; qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 426 survey respondents (7% response rate), most reported completing PCC-related coursework (75.85%). While 69.73% reported understanding MI principles, only 13.51% felt proficient in its use. Over half (53.25%) intended to use MI, yet many endorsed beliefs misaligned with MI principles. The mean PCC-related attitudes and beliefs score was 143.39 (SD 18.42). Higher PCC-related attitudes and beliefs was significantly associated with greater odds of intent to use MI (odds ratio 1.03 [1.01\u20131.04],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001). Qualitative data responses reflected positivity toward MI, inconsistent exposure and training in MI, and student viewpoints that may be inconsistent with the spirit of MI.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study contributes toward the understanding of North American chiropractic students\u2019 understanding of MI and its relationship with PCC-related attitudes and beliefs. Further research is needed to investigate how MI is introduced, taught, and longitudinally supported within chiropractic education programs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7899\/jce-25-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T17:31:20Z","timestamp":1787765480000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring motivational interviewing in chiropractic education: A mixed methods study of chiropractic students in North America"],"prefix":"10.7899","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4316-6815","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aubrianna L.","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6700-3383","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daphne","family":"To","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9945-801X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Suzanne","family":"Lady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Western States, Portland, Oregon, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5214-1011","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Karin","family":"Hammerich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9980-4246","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zakary T.","family":"Monier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parker University, Dallas, Texas, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8328-2458","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kara D.","family":"Burnham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Western States, Portland, Oregon, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4723-2428","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Melissa","family":"Kolb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern Health Sciences University, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9344-4537","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jordan A.","family":"Gliedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4650","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"i2374-250X-40-00-000-b01","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"2791","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for the management of non-specific low back pain in primary care: an updated overview","volume":"27","author":"Oliveira","year":"2018","unstructured":"Oliveira CB,Maher CG,Pinto RZ, et al. 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