{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T04:53:56Z","timestamp":1788929636124,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"International College of Surgeons","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n        <jats:p>Spinal tuberculosis is the most common manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. However, there have been few reports on the topic of drug-resistant spinal tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of treatment with a combination of surgery and individual chemotherapy guided by drug susceptibility testing for drug-resistant spinal tuberculosis. We retrospectively analyzed 19 patients with drug-resistant spinal tuberculosis. After surgery, individual chemotherapy was tailored for each patient according to his or her drug resistance profile and previous history of chemotherapy. The patients were followed up clinically and radiologically for an average period of 36 months. Among 19 drug-resistant spinal tuberculosis cases, 16 were multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), and 3 were non\u2013MDR-TB. The patients with MDR-TB and non\u2013MDR-TB had undergone previous chemotherapy for an average of 12.50 \u00b1 2.00 months (0\u201355 months) and 5.50 \u00b1 1.20 months (0\u201360 months), respectively. A total of 16 patients underwent open operations, and the other 3 had percutaneous drainage and local chemotherapy. Patients received individual chemotherapy for an average of 24 months postoperatively. All patients had been cured at the final follow-up. Drug-resistant spinal tuberculosis is mainly acquired through previous irregular chemotherapy and the spread of drug-resistant strains. Treatment with a combination of surgery and individual chemotherapy is feasible in the treatment of severe complications and the prevention of acquired drug resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.9738\/intsurg-d-12-00004.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,23]],"date-time":"2013-05-23T14:58:28Z","timestamp":1369321108000},"page":"175-180","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Drug Susceptibility Testing Guided Treatment for Drug-Resistant Spinal Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Analysis of 19 Patients"],"prefix":"10.9738","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Lan","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine, Lanzhou General Hospital, Lanzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Jian-Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine, Lanzhou General Hospital, Lanzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Xue-Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine, Lanzhou General Hospital, Lanzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ge","family":"Bao-Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine, Lanzhou General Hospital, Lanzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4721","reference":[{"issue":"22","key":"i0020-8868-98-2-175-b01","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"E806","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis of the spine\u2013is it the beginning of the end?: a study of twenty-five culture proven multidrug-resistant tuberculosis spine patients","volume":"34","author":"Pawar\n              UM,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pawar\n              UM, \n            \n              Kundnani\n              V, \n            \n              Agashe\n              V, \n            \n              Nene\n              A, \n            \n              Nene\n              A. \n          \n          Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis of the spine\u2013is it the beginning of the end?: a study of twenty-five culture proven multidrug-resistant tuberculosis spine patients. Spine (Phila Pa 1976)2009;34(22):E806\u2013E810"},{"issue":"4","key":"i0020-8868-98-2-175-b02","series-title":"J Child Orthop","first-page":"319","article-title":"Skeletal tuberculosis in children in the Western world: 18 new cases with a review of the literature","volume":"3","author":"Hosalkar\n              HS,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hosalkar\n              HS, \n            \n              Agrawal\n              N, \n            \n              Reddy\n              S, \n            \n              Sehgal\n              K, \n            \n              Fox\n              EJ, \n            \n              Hill\n              RA. \n          \n          Skeletal tuberculosis in children in the Western world: 18 new cases with a review of the literature. J Child Orthop2009;3(4):319\u2013324"},{"issue":"6","key":"i0020-8868-98-2-175-b03","series-title":"Int Orthop","first-page":"1307","article-title":"Epidemiological survey of idiopathic scoliosis and sequence alignment analysis of multiple candidate genes","volume":"36","author":"Yang\n              T,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yang\n              T, \n            \n              Jia\n              Q, \n            \n              Guo\n              H, \n            \n              Xu\n              J, \n            \n              Bai\n              Y, \n            \n              Yang\n              K\n            \n            et al\n          . Epidemiological survey of idiopathic scoliosis and sequence alignment analysis of multiple candidate genes. Int Orthop2012;36(6):1307\u20131314"},{"issue":"20","key":"i0020-8868-98-2-175-b04","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"1849","article-title":"Changes in radiographic and clinical outcomes with primary treatment adult spinal deformity surgeries from two years to three to five years follow up","volume":"35","author":"Bridwell\n              KH,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bridwell\n              KH, \n            \n              Baldus\n              C, \n            \n              Berven\n              S, \n            \n              Edwards\n              C\n              2nd, \n            \n              Glassman\n              S, \n            \n              Hamill\n              C\n            \n            et al\n          . Changes in radiographic and clinical outcomes with primary treatment adult spinal deformity surgeries from two years to three to five years follow up. Spine2010;35(20):1849\u20131854"},{"issue":"2","key":"i0020-8868-98-2-175-b05","series-title":"Int Surg","first-page":"512","article-title":"Debridement and bone grafting with internal fixation via anterior approach for treatment of cervicothoracic tuberculosis","volume":"97","author":"Xu\n              L,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xu\n              L, \n            \n              Xue-Mei\n              L, \n            \n              Bao-feng\n              G. \n          \n          Debridement and bone grafting with internal fixation via anterior approach for treatment of cervicothoracic tuberculosis. Int Surg2012;97(2):512\u2013516"},{"issue":"5","key":"i0020-8868-98-2-175-b06","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"946","article-title":"Craniovertebral junction tuberculosis: a new comprehensive therapeutic strategy","volume":"63","author":"Teegala\n              R,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Teegala\n              R, \n            \n              Kumar\n              P, \n            \n              Kale\n              SS, \n            \n              Sharma\n              BS. \n          \n          Craniovertebral junction tuberculosis: a new comprehensive therapeutic strategy. Neurosurgery2008;63(5):946\u2013955"},{"issue":"5","key":"i0020-8868-98-2-175-b07","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"440","article-title":"Spinal tuberculosis: a review","volume":"34","author":"Garg\n              RK,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Garg\n              RK, \n            \n              Somvanshi\n              DS. \n          \n          Spinal tuberculosis: a review. J Spinal Cord Med2011;34(5):440\u2013454"},{"issue":"2","key":"i0020-8868-98-2-175-b08","series-title":"Int Orthop","first-page":"353","article-title":"Surgical correction of kyphotic deformity in spinal tuberculosis","volume":"36","author":"Issack\n              PS,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Issack\n              PS, \n            \n              Boachie-Adjei\n              O. \n          \n          Surgical correction of kyphotic deformity in spinal tuberculosis. Int Orthop2012;36(2):353\u2013357"},{"issue":"2","key":"i0020-8868-98-2-175-b09","series-title":"Int Orthop","first-page":"285","article-title":"Instrumented stabilization in spinal tuberculosis","volume":"36","author":"Jain\n              AK,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jain\n              AK, \n            \n              Jain\n              S. \n          \n          Instrumented stabilization in spinal tuberculosis. Int Orthop2012;36(2):285\u2013292"},{"issue":"11","key":"i0020-8868-98-2-175-b10","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br","first-page":"1477","article-title":"Simultaneous anterior decompression and posterior instrumentation of the tuberculous spine using an anterolateral extrapleural approach","volume":"90","author":"Jain\n              AK,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jain\n              AK, \n            \n              Dhammi\n              IK, \n            \n              Prashad\n              B, \n            \n              Sinha\n              S, \n            \n              Mishra\n              P. \n          \n          Simultaneous anterior decompression and posterior instrumentation of the tuberculous spine using an anterolateral extrapleural approach. J Bone Joint Surg Br2008;90(11):1477\u20131481"}],"container-title":["International Surgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/international-surgery.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/insu\/98\/2\/article-p175.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/international-surgery\/article-pdf\/98\/2\/175\/2214879\/intsurg-d-12-00004_1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/international-surgery.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/insu\/98\/2\/article-p175.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/international-surgery.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/insu\/98\/2\/article-p175.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T18:59:38Z","timestamp":1751482778000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/international-surgery.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/insu\/98\/2\/article-p175.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9738\/intsurg-d-12-00004.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-8868","2520-2456"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-8868","type":"print"},{"value":"2520-2456","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}}}