{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T01:06:18Z","timestamp":1771463178426,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"International College of Surgeons","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Reports on the outcomes of emergency and elective femoral hernia surgery are scarce. Most studies do not distinguish femoral hernia from other types of groin hernia; studies of femoral hernia alone are few in number. The main objective of the present study was to identify factors affecting morbidity of femoral hernia patients. We retrospectively analyzed data on 80 patients who underwent femoral hernia surgery between June 2009 and June 2013. Patients who did and did not experience morbidity were compared in terms of age, sex, hernia location, the presence of any comorbid disease, the type of anesthesia employed, the operative technique used, the type of surgical intervention, and performance of small bowel resection. Forty-three patients (53.8%) underwent emergency surgery because of incarceration. Of these, 18 (41.9%) experienced strangulation and underwent resection. Postoperative complications developed in 11 patients (13.8%). Upon multiple logistic regression analysis, visceral organ resection (of the small bowel and\/or omentum) was the only independent predictor of significant morbidity (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05; odds ratio [OR]: 14.010, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.001\u2013196.143). When diagnosed, femoral hernias should be electively repaired as soon as possible. The cumulative probability of strangulation rises over time. A requirement for bowel resection seems to significantly increase morbidity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.9738\/intsurg-d-14-00036.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,18]],"date-time":"2015-03-18T22:39:23Z","timestamp":1426718363000},"page":"455-460","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Visceral Organ Resection During Femoral Hernia Surgery Is a Predictor of Morbidity"],"prefix":"10.9738","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Bulent","family":"Calik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Izmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kerem","family":"Karaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Izmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Recep","family":"Atci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Izmir Buca Seyfi Demirsoy State Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ozhan","family":"Cetindag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Izmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Levent","family":"Ugurlu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Izmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cengiz","family":"Aydin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Izmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gokhan","family":"Akbulut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Izmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4721","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b01","series-title":"Hernia","first-page":"271","article-title":"The modified Nyhus-Condon femoral hernia repair","volume":"14","author":"Babar\n              M,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Babar\n              M, \n            \n              Myers\n              E, \n            \n              Matingal\n              J, \n            \n              Hurley\n              MJ. \n          \n          The modified Nyhus-Condon femoral hernia repair. Hernia2010;14(3):271\u2013275"},{"issue":"6","key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b02","series-title":"Hernia","first-page":"509","article-title":"Outcomes of emergency and elective femoral hernia surgery in four district general hospitals: a 4-year study","volume":"11","author":"Suppiah\n              A,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Suppiah\n              A, \n            \n              Gatt\n              M, \n            \n              Barandiaran\n              J, \n            \n              Heng\n              MS, \n            \n              Perry\n              EP. \n          \n          Outcomes of emergency and elective femoral hernia surgery in four district general hospitals: a 4-year study. Hernia2007;11(6):509\u2013512"},{"issue":"5","key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b03","series-title":"Surg Clin North Am","first-page":"1189","article-title":"Femoral hernia repair","volume":"83","author":"Hachisuka\n              T.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hachisuka\n              T. \n          \n          Femoral hernia repair. Surg Clin North Am2003;83(5):1189\u20131205"},{"issue":"3","key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b04","series-title":"Am J Surg","first-page":"353","article-title":"Femoral hernia. Review of 2,105 repairs in a 17 year period","volume":"150","author":"Glassow\n              F.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Glassow\n              F. \n          \n          Femoral hernia. Review of 2,105 repairs in a 17 year period. Am J Surg1985;150(3):353\u2013356"},{"issue":"9288","key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b05","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1124","article-title":"Danish Hernia Database Collaboration. Quality assessment of 26,304 herniorrhaphies in Denmark: a prospective nationwide study","volume":"358","author":"Bay-Nielsen\n              M,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bay-Nielsen\n              M, \n            \n              Kehlet\n              H, \n            \n              Strand\n              L, \n            \n              Malmstr\u00f8m\n              J, \n            \n              Andersen\n              FH, \n            \n              Wara\n              P\n            \n            et al\n          . Danish Hernia Database Collaboration. Quality assessment of 26,304 herniorrhaphies in Denmark: a prospective nationwide study. Lancet2001;358(9288):1124\u20131128"},{"issue":"4","key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b06","series-title":"Ann Surg","first-page":"672","article-title":"Emergency femoral hernia repair: a study based on a national register","volume":"249","author":"Dahlstrand\n              U,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dahlstrand\n              U, \n            \n              Wollert\n              S, \n            \n              Nordin\n              P, \n            \n              Sandblom\n              G, \n            \n              Gunnarsson\n              U. \n          \n          Emergency femoral hernia repair: a study based on a national register. 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Cochrane Database Syst Rev2002:CD002197"},{"key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b15","series-title":"Hernia","first-page":"1","article-title":"Crucial steps in the evolution of the preperitoneal approaches to the groin: an historical review","volume":"15","author":"Read\n              RC.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Read\n              RC. \n          \n          Crucial steps in the evolution of the preperitoneal approaches to the groin: an historical review. Hernia2011;15:1\u20135."},{"key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b16","series-title":"Hernia","first-page":"73","article-title":"Repair of femoral hernias with plug technique","volume":"2","author":"Robbins\n              AW,","year":"1998","unstructured":"Robbins\n              AW, \n            \n              Rutkow\n              IM. \n          \n          Repair of femoral hernias with plug technique. 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Hernia2011;15(3):297\u2013300"},{"issue":"4","key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b19","series-title":"Hernia","first-page":"405","article-title":"Prognostic factors of postoperative morbidity and mortality in strangulated groin hernia","volume":"16","author":"Romain\n              B,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Romain\n              B, \n            \n              Chemaly\n              R, \n            \n              Meyer\n              N, \n            \n              Brigand\n              C, \n            \n              Steinmetz\n              JP, \n            \n              Rohr\n              S. \n          \n          Prognostic factors of postoperative morbidity and mortality in strangulated groin hernia. Hernia2012;16(4):405\u2013410"},{"issue":"5","key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b20","series-title":"Hernia","first-page":"489","article-title":"Risk factors related with unfavorable outcomes in groin hernia repairs","volume":"14","author":"Akinci\n              M,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Akinci\n              M, \n            \n              Erg\u00fcl\n              Z, \n            \n              Kulah\n              B, \n            \n              Yilmaz\n              KB, \n            \n              Kulaco\u011flu\n              H. \n          \n          Risk factors related with unfavorable outcomes in groin hernia repairs. Hernia2010;14(5):489\u2013493"},{"issue":"2","key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b21","series-title":"Am J Surg","first-page":"101","article-title":"Presentation and outcome of incarcerated external hernias in adults","volume":"181","author":"Kulah\n              B,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kulah\n              B, \n            \n              Kulacoglu\n              IH, \n            \n              Oruc\n              MT, \n            \n              Duzgun\n              AP, \n            \n              Moran\n              M, \n            \n              Ozmen\n              MM\n            \n            et al\n          . Presentation and outcome of incarcerated external hernias in adults. Am J Surg2001;181(2):101\u2013104"},{"issue":"5","key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b22","series-title":"Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg","first-page":"389","article-title":"Incarcerated abdominal wall hernia surgery: relationship between risk factors and morbidity and mortality rates (a single center emergency surgery experience)","volume":"18","author":"Ozkan\n              E,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ozkan\n              E, \n            \n              Y\u0131ld\u0131z\n              MK, \n            \n              Cak\u0131r\n              T, \n            \n              Dulundu\n              E, \n            \n              Eri\u015f\n              C, \n            \n              Fersaho\u011flu\n              MM\n            \n            et al\n          . Incarcerated abdominal wall hernia surgery: relationship between risk factors and morbidity and mortality rates (a single center emergency surgery experience). Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg2012;18(5):389\u2013396"},{"issue":"5","key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b23","series-title":"Langenbecks Arch Surg","first-page":"551","article-title":"Risk of death after emergency repair of abdominal wall hernias. Still waiting for improvement","volume":"395","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Serrano\n              MA,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Serrano\n              MA, \n            \n              Pereira\n              JA, \n            \n              Sancho\n              JJ, \n            \n              L\u00f3pez-Cano\n              M, \n            \n              Bombuy\n              E, \n            \n              Hidalgo\n              J. \n          \n          Risk of death after emergency repair of abdominal wall hernias. Still waiting for improvement. Langenbecks Arch Surg2010;395(5):551\u2013556"},{"issue":"4","key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b24","series-title":"Hernia","first-page":"341","article-title":"Factors affecting morbidity and mortality in incarcerated abdominal wall hernias","volume":"11","author":"Derici\n              H,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Derici\n              H, \n            \n              Unalp\n              HR, \n            \n              Bozdag\n              AD, \n            \n              Nazli\n              O, \n            \n              Tansug\n              T, \n            \n              Kamer\n              E. \n          \n          Factors affecting morbidity and mortality in incarcerated abdominal wall hernias. Hernia2007;11(4):341\u2013346"},{"issue":"6","key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b25","series-title":"World J Surg","first-page":"741","article-title":"Risk and outcome of bowel resection in patients with incarcerated groin hernias: retrospective study","volume":"27","author":"Kurt\n              N,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kurt\n              N, \n            \n              Oncel\n              M, \n            \n              Ozkan\n              Z, \n            \n              Bingul\n              S. \n          \n          Risk and outcome of bowel resection in patients with incarcerated groin hernias: retrospective study. World J Surg2003;27(6):741\u2013743"},{"issue":"1","key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b26","series-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl","first-page":"47","article-title":"Emergency presentation of abdominal hernias: outcome and reasons for delay in treatment - a prospective study","volume":"89","author":"Davies\n              M,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Davies\n              M, \n            \n              Davies\n              C, \n            \n              Morris-Stiff\n              G, \n            \n              Shute\n              K. \n          \n          Emergency presentation of abdominal hernias: outcome and reasons for delay in treatment - a prospective study. Ann R Coll Surg Engl2007;89(1):47\u201350"},{"issue":"2","key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b27","series-title":"Am J Surg","first-page":"188","article-title":"Improved outcomes of incarcerated femoral hernia: a multivariate analysis of predictive factors of bowel ischemia and potential impact on postoperative complications","volume":"205","author":"Alhambra-Rodriguez de Guzm\u00e1n\n              C,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Alhambra-Rodriguez de Guzm\u00e1n\n              C, \n            \n              Picazo-Yeste\n              J, \n            \n              Ten\u00edas-Burillo\n              JM, \n            \n              Moreno-Sanz\n              C. \n          \n          Improved outcomes of incarcerated femoral hernia: a multivariate analysis of predictive factors of bowel ischemia and potential impact on postoperative complications. Am J Surg2013;205(2):188\u2013193"},{"issue":"3","key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b28","series-title":"Hernia","first-page":"259","article-title":"Risk factors for bowel resection and outcome in patients with incarcerated groin hernias","volume":"14","author":"Ge\n              BJ,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ge\n              BJ, \n            \n              Huang\n              Q, \n            \n              Liu\n              LM, \n            \n              Bian\n              HP, \n            \n              Fan\n              YZ. \n          \n          Risk factors for bowel resection and outcome in patients with incarcerated groin hernias. Hernia2010;14(3):259\u2013264"},{"issue":"3","key":"i0020-8868-100-3-455-b29","series-title":"Hernia","first-page":"251","article-title":"Is surgical repair of an asymptomatic groin hernia appropriate? A review","volume":"15","author":"van den Heuvel\n              B,","year":"2011","unstructured":"van den Heuvel\n              B, \n            \n              Dwars\n              BJ, \n            \n              Klassen\n              DR, \n            \n              Bonjer\n              HJ. \n          \n          Is surgical repair of an asymptomatic groin hernia appropriate? A review. 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