{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T01:16:30Z","timestamp":1775092590451,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Association of Psychiatric Pharmacists (AAPP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fentanyl, a synthetic opioid, is frequently found as a contaminant in illicit substances, significantly increasing overdose risk. A growing trend toward intentional fentanyl use further complicates the opioid crisis. This study aimed to identify patterns of local fentanyl use and contamination and evaluate harm-reduction interventions provided by psychiatric teams to patients at high risk of opioid overdose.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This observational study combined prospective surveys with retrospective chart review. Adults with a positive fentanyl urine drug screen within 6 months of a psychiatric hospitalization or emergency department encounter were eligible. Participants completed a 10-question survey on substance use patterns, fentanyl risk awareness, and willingness to engage with harm-reduction tools. Electronic health records were reviewed upon patient discharge for demographic and clinical data, including prescribed harm reduction interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighteen participants completed the survey; 77.8% were male with a mean age of 41 years. Intentional fentanyl use was reported by 77.8% of participants. Commonly codetected substances included amphetamines (44.4%), cannabinoids (38.9%), cocaine (33.3%), and other opioids (27.8%). Whereas more than 90% recognized the overdose risk from fentanyl, nearly half did not perceive themselves to be at personal risk. Most participants were discharged with naloxone (88.9%) and\/or prescribed medication for opioid use disorder. Willingness to use fentanyl test strips was high (72.2%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings of this study underscore the need for the increased availability of harm-reduction strategies, including fentanyl detection tools and tailored education, to address gaps in overdose risk perception and enhance patient safety.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.9740\/mhc.2026.04.043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T22:06:33Z","timestamp":1775081193000},"page":"43-48","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Survey of local patterns of fentanyl exposure and harm reduction strategies in the Southeastern United States"],"prefix":"10.9740","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6014-2152","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kaitlyn E.","family":"Tenn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"(Corresponding author) Postgraduate Year Two Psychiatric Pharmacy Resident, Medical University of South Carolina Health, Charleston, South Carolina, kaitlyn.tenn@gmail.com"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4221-0252","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sophie","family":"Robert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Medical University of South Carolina Health, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7216-3739","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Brianne","family":"Mosley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Medical University of South Carolina Health, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8906-9332","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christine","family":"Rarrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inpatient Pharmacy Clinical Manager, Medical University of South Carolina Health, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4719","reference":[{"key":"i2168-9709-16-2-43-b01","article-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","author":"Ramos-Matos","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ramos-Matos CF,\nBistas KG,\nLopez-Ojeda W. Fentanyl. [Updated 2023 May 29]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK459275\/"},{"key":"i2168-9709-16-2-43-b02","article-title":"Facts about fentanyl","author":"United States Drug Enforcement Administration","year":"2021","unstructured":"United States Drug Enforcement Administration. Facts about fentanyl. [published 2021 Apr 29]. Available from: https:\/\/www.dea.gov\/resources\/facts-about-fentanyl"},{"key":"i2168-9709-16-2-43-b03","article-title":"Overdose deaths decline, fentanyl threat looms","author":"Murray","year":"2024","unstructured":"Murray E. Overdose deaths decline, fentanyl threat looms. [published 2024]. 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