{"status":"ok","message-type":"work-list","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"facets":{},"total-results":43,"items":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/rcs.70226","title":["Issue Information"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"container-title":["The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery"],"abstract":"<jats:p>No abstract is available for this article.<\/jats:p>","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rcs.70226","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},{"DOI":"10.1007\/s11370-026-00749-8","title":["Kitchen robotic manipulation utilizing foundation models"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"container-title":["Intelligent Service Robotics"],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3611-0298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myung-Hwan","family":"Jeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5590-1792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sankalp","family":"Yamsani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9575-2835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joohyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11370-026-00749-8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},{"DOI":"10.1002\/adrr.70159","title":["Flexible Sensors for Robotics Tactile Perception: A Review"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"container-title":["Advanced Robotics Research"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Touch links perception to control by turning contact into actionable force. It provides pressure and friction cues that help robots regulate grip and execute precise manipulation, especially in unstructured environments. As robots move into open, real\u2010world settings, rigid tactile sensors struggle with surface conformity. Flexible tactile sensors, with skin\u2010like softness and conformal contact, are emerging as a foundation for next\u2010generation robotic touch. This review provides a systematic survey of high\u2010impact advances in flexible tactile sensing for robotics, covering sensing mechanisms, structural design strategies, tactile decoding methods, and robotics\u2010oriented applications. We first analyze the characteristics, limitations, and robotic task suitability of different tactile sensing mechanisms, followed by a discussion of structural designs and integration approaches that enhance sensor performance. We then examine mechanics\u2010based reconstruction and intelligent decoding algorithms, including machine learning\u2010based tactile recognition and Transformer\u2010based tactile representation. Subsequently, we highlight frontier embodied intelligence applications enabled by flexible tactile sensing technologies. In addition, we identify four major research gaps and outline four priority directions for future development. This review aims to offer a robotics\u2010oriented, comprehensive technical reference for researchers in flexible tactile sensing and to promote substantive progress in robotic tactile perception.<\/jats:p>","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Laboratory for Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9647-8604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Flexible Electronics Technology of THU Tsinghua University  Jiaxing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1213-5792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yihao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Laboratory for Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Institute of Flexible Electronics Technology of THU Tsinghua University  Jiaxing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9242-8474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xue","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Laboratory for Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Institute of Flexible Electronics Technology of THU Tsinghua University  Jiaxing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adrr.70159","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]}},{"DOI":"10.3390\/robotics15090165","title":["Robust Adaptive Koopman MPC Under Structured and Stochastic Uncertainty for Soft Continuum Robots"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"container-title":["Robotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Soft continuum robots exhibit highly nonlinear and configuration-dependent dynamics, making accurate trajectory tracking challenging under model uncertainty and external disturbances. This paper presents an adaptive Koopman-based model predictive control (MPC) framework for a tendon-driven soft continuum robot and evaluates its performance through comprehensive closed-loop simulations. A lifted linear Koopman model is identified from experimentally collected robot data and incorporated into an MPC formulation to provide computationally efficient prediction while capturing dominant nonlinear behavior. To compensate for plant\u2013model mismatch and time-varying uncertainties, an online Recursive Least Squares (RLS) adaptation mechanism is integrated into the Koopman\u2013MPC framework, enabling continuous model refinement during closed-loop operation without repeated offline retraining. The proposed controller is evaluated through comprehensive closed-loop simulations on circular, triangular, helical, and figure-eight trajectories under stochastic disturbances and structured parametric bias conditions using a Koopman model identified from experimentally collected robot data. Results demonstrate consistent improvements in tracking performance compared with fixed Koopman MPC while maintaining real-time computational feasibility. Under structured parametric bias, the proposed controller reduces the mean tracking error from 9.30 mm to 1.36 mm during circular trajectory tracking and achieves sub-millimeter accuracy in several operating conditions. These findings highlight the potential of online Koopman model adaptation for predictive control of soft continuum robots operating under uncertainty.<\/jats:p>","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7266-2861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechatronics and Robotics Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Burg El-Arab 21934, Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Industrial Electronics and Control Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf 32952, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayman A.","family":"Nada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechatronics and Robotics Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Burg El-Arab 21934, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Ishii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haitham","family":"El-Hussieny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechatronics and Robotics Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Burg El-Arab 21934, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/robotics15090165","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]}},{"DOI":"10.1080\/01691864.2026.2720992","title":["Clothing the robot, building trust: personalization co-design effects in child\u2013robot interaction"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"container-title":["Advanced Robotics"],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7788-8726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Gioumatzidou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Macedonia","place":["Thessaloniki, Greece"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1251-571X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna-Maria","family":"Velentza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Macedonia","place":["Thessaloniki, Greece"]},{"name":"Univ Brest-Bretagne INP","place":["Brest, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9736-0203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evangelia","family":"Alepaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Macedonia","place":["Thessaloniki, Greece"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8838-8091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Fachantidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Macedonia","place":["Thessaloniki, Greece"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01691864.2026.2720992","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]}},{"DOI":"10.1002\/rob.70328","title":["Visual Point\u2010Line and Inertial Measurement Unit Fusion\u2010Based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping Algorithm for Robotic Grinding of Wind Turbine Blades"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"container-title":["Journal of Field Robotics"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Various drawbacks exist in traditional visual SLAM methods for wind turbine blade polishing scenarios. Insufficient feature extraction, unstable matching, and reduced positioning accuracy are easily produced. These issues are triggered by weak textures, strong reflections, and illumination fluctuations. A point\u2010line fused visual\u2010inertial positioning method named EPL\u2010VINS is therefore proposed. FAST feature points and EDLines feature lines are adopted in the visual front end of this method. An adaptive threshold feature detection strategy and a texture complexity\u2010based feature distribution optimization mechanism are put forward, so that the capability of effective feature extraction is strengthened and the spatial distribution of features is optimized. At the back end, a tightly coupled optimization framework based on sliding window is constructed. Marginal prior information, IMU pre\u2010integration residuals, visual point\u2010line feature residuals, and loop closure constraints are all integrated into the optimized objective function to realize the joint estimation of visual and inertial information. Meanwhile, the LM optimization algorithm is improved by the dynamic update strategy of damping factors, and the convergence speed and numerical stability of back\u2010end nonlinear optimization are enhanced. On the public EuRoC data set, an average positioning accuracy improvement of 22.3% is achieved by EPL\u2010VINS compared with VINS\u2010Mono. Higher positioning accuracy and environmental adaptability are also exhibited by EPL\u2010VINS in actual factory scenarios for wind turbine blade polishing. High\u2010precision robot positioning is realized by the proposed method in complex industrial environments.<\/jats:p>","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering University of Engineering Science Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7837-8685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liwen","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering University of Engineering Science Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jintao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering University of Engineering Science Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0684-4292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weiwei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering University of Engineering Science Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rob.70328","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]}},{"DOI":"10.3390\/robotics15090164","title":["Beyond Odometry Accuracy: How Encoder Resolution and IMU Fusion Affect Particle Filter Localization in Differential-Drive Robots"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"container-title":["Robotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Encoder resolution and sensor fusion architecture directly influence odometric drift in autonomous mobile robots (AMRs), yet their interaction with particle filter localization remains insufficiently characterized. This study evaluates four encoder resolutions (90, 512, 1024, and 4096 PPR) in wheel-odometry-only (System A) and EKF-based IMU-fused (System B) configurations across multiple navigation scenarios using ROS AMCL localization. Increasing resolution significantly reduced drift, with 512 PPR achieving most of the improvement observed at 4096 PPR and diminishing returns beyond 1024 PPR. IMU fusion consistently improved odometry accuracy and reduced variance, although its benefit depended on trajectory complexity rather than encoder resolution alone. However, improved odometry did not uniformly translate into improved localization. In several cases, the IMU-fused system exhibited reduced AMCL stability despite lower odometric drift. These results demonstrate that encoder selection and sensor fusion must be considered alongside particle filter parameterization, highlighting the importance of estimator compatibility in ROS-based AMR localization architectures.<\/jats:p>","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4757-5736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lim","family":"Yun Ler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Advanced Robotics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, Melaka 75450, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9022-2958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thangavel","family":"Bhuvaneswari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Advanced Robotics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, Melaka 75450, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1681-3420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min Thu","family":"Soe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Advanced Robotics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, Melaka 75450, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad bin","family":"Hishamuddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Robotics and Sensing Technologies, TM Research and Development Sdn Bhd, Cyberjaya 63000, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/robotics15090164","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]}},{"DOI":"10.1080\/01691864.2026.2718600","title":["Rapport-building dialogue strategy enhanced with proactivity, personalization, and aizuchi backchannels, and its automatic evaluation in HRI"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"container-title":["Advanced Robotics"],"author":[{"given":"Muhammad Yeza","family":"Baihaqi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","place":["Ikoma, Japan"]},{"name":"RIKEN","place":["Kyoto, Japan"]},{"name":"Institute of Science Tokyo","place":["Tokyo, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angel","family":"Garc\u00eda Contreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","place":["Ikoma, Japan"]},{"name":"RIKEN","place":["Kyoto, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seiya","family":"Kawano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RIKEN","place":["Kyoto, Japan"]},{"name":"Kyoto Institute of Technology","place":["Kyoto, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichiro","family":"Yoshino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","place":["Ikoma, Japan"]},{"name":"RIKEN","place":["Kyoto, Japan"]},{"name":"Institute of Science Tokyo","place":["Tokyo, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01691864.2026.2718600","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]}},{"DOI":"10.3390\/robotics15090166","title":["A Hybrid Verification Method for an Actuated Lower-Limb Exoskeleton Based on Mathematical and Simulation Analyses"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"container-title":["Robotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study proposes a hybrid method for pre-design verification of the geometric and biomechanical compatibility of experimentally recorded gait trajectories with a lower-limb exoskeleton. The method integrates joint-space kinematic analysis, CAD-based self-collision detection in a Unity digital twin, anatomical hip and knee constraints, and experimentally recorded gait trajectories. Gait data were obtained from 30 healthy participants at 12 treadmill speeds ranging from 0.5 to 6.0 km\/h using multicamera markerless motion capture. Of 54,481 evaluated configurations, 21,450 remained after self-collision detection and 4080 after anatomical filtering, corresponding to 7.49% of the initial discretized domain. The mean proportion of experimental trajectory points excluded because of mechanical self-collisions increased from 2.70% at 0.5 km\/h to 30.49% at 6.0 km\/h. Walking speed had a significant and large overall effect (\u03c7F2(11)=242.38, p&lt;0.001, Kendall\u2019s W=0.734), and the median participant-specific Spearman coefficient was \u03c1=0.920. The proposed framework provides a quantitative pre-screening tool for identifying critical gait configurations before powered prototype testing and can support mechanical redesign and definition of controller constraints.<\/jats:p>","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3450-5213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artem","family":"Obukhov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of VR Simulators, Tambov State Technical University, Tambov 392000, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2471-1480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikita","family":"Mayorov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of VR Simulators, Tambov State Technical University, Tambov 392000, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1304-9490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniil","family":"Teselkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of VR Simulators, Tambov State Technical University, Tambov 392000, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6243-837X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denis","family":"Dedov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of VR Simulators, Tambov State Technical University, Tambov 392000, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7197-8776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxim","family":"Shiltsyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of VR Simulators, Tambov State Technical University, Tambov 392000, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/robotics15090166","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]}},{"DOI":"10.1080\/01691864.2026.2721029","title":["Should robots say sorry differently to humans? A multidimensional study of apology across task, severity, emotion, and nonverbal behavior in indonesia"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"container-title":["Advanced Robotics"],"author":[{"given":"Muhammad Yeza","family":"Baihaqi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","place":["Ikoma, Japan"]},{"name":"RIKEN","place":["Kyoto, Japan"]},{"name":"Institute of Science Tokyo","place":["Meguro-ku, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angel","family":"Garc\u00eda Contreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","place":["Ikoma, Japan"]},{"name":"RIKEN","place":["Kyoto, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichiro","family":"Yoshino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","place":["Ikoma, Japan"]},{"name":"RIKEN","place":["Kyoto, Japan"]},{"name":"Institute of Science Tokyo","place":["Meguro-ku, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01691864.2026.2721029","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]}},{"DOI":"10.1002\/rob.70341","title":["Reinforcement Learning\u2010Enhanced Path\u2010Planning Method for Orchard Robots"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"container-title":["Journal of Field Robotics"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Path planning for orchard robots is one of the most fundamental technologies of smart agriculture. Introducing reinforcement learning (RL) into path planning has become a promising approach at the frontier of robotics research, addressing the problem that existing methods primarily focus on the optimal path at the immediate moment, lack a holistic perspective, and fail to achieve optimal overall performance. However, the sim\u2010to\u2010real issue presents a critical challenge for implementing RL in orchard robots. To solve this issue, an RL\u2010enhanced path\u2010planning method is proposed for orchard robots. The proposed method avoids directly using RL to generate a path, thereby eliminating the primary source of the sim\u2010to\u2010real problem in RL. In the proposed method, multiple candidate paths are computed using a B\u00e9zier curve and are physically navigable for robots, leveraging LiDAR to dynamically update the environmental map. Meanwhile, a comprehensive reward function is designed for RL to achieve optimal path planning. Subsequently, RL is employed to select the optimal path among multiple candidate paths, thereby avoiding the sim\u2010to\u2010real problem in complex orchard environments. Finally, validation tests are carried out in both simulation and field environments. The experimental results show that the proposed method effectively addresses the sim\u2010to\u2010real challenges of RL and achieves optimal path planning.<\/jats:p>","author":[{"given":"Wenbin","family":"Tian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibo","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Du","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxing","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7845-7294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruidong","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of System Science Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zixuan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering Beihang University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering Beihang University Beijing China"},{"name":"Hangzhou International Innovation Institute Beihang University Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rob.70341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]}},{"DOI":"10.1002\/rob.70340","title":["Vision\u2010Language\u2010Action Models for Embodied Artificial Intelligence: A Comprehensive Survey"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"container-title":["Journal of Field Robotics"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Embodied artificial intelligence (Embodied AI) aims to develop agents that can perceive, reason, and act through continuous interaction with physical world. To achieve this goal, agents must not only understand visual scenes and language instructions, but also transform multimodal information into executable actions. This requirement calls for models that can integrate perception, semantic reasoning, and action generation within a unified decision\u2010making framework. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have provided important technical foundations for this integration, leading to emergence of vision\u2010language\u2010action (VLA) models as a central paradigm for embodied systems. Although existing surveys have reviewed Embodied AI from perspectives such as robotic systems, simulation environments and task settings, few have systematically analyzed action\u2010generation mechanisms of VLA models. This limitation makes it difficult to distinguish VLA architectures. To address this gap, we provide a comprehensive review of VLA models for Embodied AI from an action\u2010generation perspective. We first formulate VLA models as embodied decision\u2010making systems that map visual observations and language instructions to action sequences through interaction with dynamic environments. Building on this formulation, we review historical evolution of VLA models. Furthermore, we propose an action\u2010generation\u2010centered taxonomy that categorizes VLA models into three paradigms: direct policy learning, generative action modeling, and reasoning\u2010guided modeling. For each paradigm, we analyze representative methods, action\u2010generation mechanisms, advantages and limitations, thereby providing a coherent framework for comparing diverse VLA architectures. Beyond model architectures, we summarize key resources and benchmarking settings and discuss recent applications. Finally, we identify major challenges and future directions. By organizing VLA models around the central problem of action generation, we aim to provide a structured technical map for future research toward more general, reliable, and physically grounded Embodied AI.<\/jats:p>","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7629-7662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ning","family":"Xiong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin China"},{"name":"College of Artificial Intelligence Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingle","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Information Security Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin China"},{"name":"Guangxi Academy of Artificial Intelligence Nanning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Information Security Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Information Security Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanlei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin China"},{"name":"College of Artificial Intelligence Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Artificial Intelligence Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jucheng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Information Security Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin China"},{"name":"Guangxi Academy of Artificial Intelligence Nanning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rob.70340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]}},{"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Robot\u2010assisted spine surgery (RASS) has expanded beyond technical accuracy towards interprofessional, perioperative, and AI\u2010driven implementation, yet this interdisciplinary evolution has not been systematically characterised.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analysed 327 Web of Science Core Collection publications (2006\u20132026) at the intersection of RASS and perioperative, collaborative, or educational research. Analyses included co\u2010authorship networks, keyword co\u2010occurrence, co\u2010citation mapping, bibliographic coupling, citation\u2010burst detection, Callon strategic mapping, and dual\u2010map overlays, performed in VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Bibliometrix. Ethical approval was not required as only de\u2010identified bibliographic records were analysed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Publications grew at a compound annual rate of 17.28% over the complete years 2006\u20132025 (log\u2010linear model of annual output,\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.8762), peaking at 62 publications in 2025; the partial year 2026 (indexed only to the 4 February 2026 search date) was excluded from all growth\u2010rate and trendline modelling. The United States (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0137) and China (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a057) dominated output. Dual\u2010map analysis indicated citation flows into the (broad) Health\/Nursing\/Medicine domain. Keyword bursts identified artificial intelligence (strength\u00a0=\u00a03.13), deep learning (2.01), and augmented reality (1.75) as the most recent (2023\u20132025) research frontiers. Rehabilitation robotics remained bibliographically isolated from the surgical core.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The published literature on RASS shows a measurable thematic shift from procedural\u2010accuracy validation towards perioperative\u2010implementation and intelligent\u2010integration topics; whether this bibliometric shift reflects a corresponding change in clinical practice cannot be determined from publication data. These patterns nonetheless motivate investment in cross\u2010disciplinary consortia, AI\u2010competency frameworks, and attention to implementation equity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/rcs.70229","title":["From Clinical Technique to Interprofessional Implementation and Intelligent Integration: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Interdisciplinary Expansion of Robot\u2010Assisted Spine Surgery"],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6780-8277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoping","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhongshan Xiaolan People's Hospital (The Fifth People's Hospital of Zhongshan) Xiaolan Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College  Zhongshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6186-021X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingdi","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhongshan Xiaolan People's Hospital (The Fifth People's Hospital of Zhongshan) Xiaolan Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College  Zhongshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qifei","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhongshan Xiaolan People's Hospital (The Fifth People's Hospital of Zhongshan) Xiaolan Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College  Zhongshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youhui","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhongshan Xiaolan People's Hospital (The Fifth People's Hospital of Zhongshan) Xiaolan Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College  Zhongshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"container-title":["The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rcs.70229"},{"DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aek7970","title":["From acrobatics to generality: Humanoid robots at an inflection point"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"container-title":["Science Robotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This special issue examines what it takes to move humanoids beyond task-specific demonstrations toward dependable generality.<\/jats:p>","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6130-6589","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hae-Won","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hae-Won Park is a professor of mechanical engineering at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scirobotics.aek7970","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]}},{"DOI":"10.1002\/rob.70333","title":["Design and Optimization of a Deep Sea Bionic Robot Fish Based on Phase Change Actuator"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"container-title":["Journal of Field Robotics"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this study, a bionic fin drive system suitable for deep\u2010sea environments is proposed. The system heats the phase change material (PCM) through the heat\u2010conducting medium and converts the expansion generated during the phase change process into hydraulic energy. Finally, the tail fin swing and pectoral fin expansion are realized through a novel motion conversion device, which offers the advantages of simple structure and low cost. In addition, the effects of the heat transfer medium and the thickness of the fish body outside the phase change actuator (PCA) on the output performance of the fin PCA were analyzed. The flexible adjustment of the tail fin's swinging characteristics can be realized by adjusting the voltage and duty cycle applied to the PCA heating sheet. A bionic fish prototype equipped with a phase\u2010change drive system has been successfully fabricated. The experimental results indicate that the robot can swim straight at a speed of 36\u2009mm\/s and complete a quick turn with a radius of 3.2 BL. Through the simulation of deep\u2010sea environment experiments, the robot can still achieve flexible underwater movement under water pressure of up to 110\u2009MPa without bulky pressure\u2010resistant devices. These excellent performances demonstrate the reliable movement ability of the bionic robotic fish in the extreme deep\u2010sea environment.<\/jats:p>","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7401-004X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gangda","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Dalian Maritime University Dalian Liaoning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dayong","family":"Ning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Dalian Maritime University Dalian Liaoning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhilei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Dalian Maritime University Dalian Liaoning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengrui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Dalian Maritime University Dalian Liaoning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Dalian Maritime University Dalian Liaoning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dejin","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Dalian Maritime University Dalian Liaoning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6737-5105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lincong","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Dalian Maritime University Dalian Liaoning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaoyi","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Dalian Maritime University Dalian Liaoning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/rob.70333","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]}},{"DOI":"10.1177\/29776481261481024","title":["Preface: Robotics and Design for Augmented Humanity"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"container-title":["Design for Augmented Humanity"],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2465-8822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Childs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/29776481261481024","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},{"DOI":"10.53365\/nrfhh.577","title":["Pedagogical Experimental Work on the Effectiveness of Teaching Physics based on Mobile Applications and Robotics Elements"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"container-title":["Natural Resources for Human Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This article presents pedagogical experiments and their results in connection with increasing the efficiency of teaching physics in higher military education based on mobile applications and robotics elements. The main achievements and scientific innovations of the study are the increase in the efficiency of teaching physics in higher military education based on mobile applications and elements of robotics in the development of the implementation methodology, the increase in the efficiency of teaching physics in higher military educational institutions. education based on elements of mobile applications and robotics, the improvement of the content of physics based on integration, aimed at forming professional knowledge of specialists, as well as the increase in the efficiency of teaching physics in higher military education using mobile applications and robotics due to the improvement. Based on elements of higher military educational institutions, the mechanism for implementing the methodology based on practical issues and experimental developments, aimed at developing independent educational skills of cadets and students, is reflected in the improvement of information and optimization of didactic support.<\/jats:p>","author":[{"family":"Nasriddinov Dadakhon Komiljonovich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53365\/nrfhh.577","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]}},{"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Motion planning and control for robotic manipulation of deformable linear objects (DLOs) necessitate computationally efficient and sufficiently accurate estimation of the DLO shape. Ideally, such an estimation should be able to reconstruct the deformation field from the pose of the terminal ends of the DLO only, which is particularly relevant for dual-arm manipulation. Numerical shooting and collocation methods accurately solve the associated boundary value problem, but are not applicable in time-critical conditions. In this article, a highly efficient algorithm is introduced for shape reconstruction of DLOs undergoing large deformations. The method yields an explicit analytic representation of the displacement field. DLOs are modeled as Kirchhoff rods since shear and compression can be neglected for the majority of relevant objects. The method is derived from a third-order approximation of the exact solution. Assuming homogeneous material and constant cross section, the shape estimation problem is reduced to a purely kinematic problem, which does not need material parameters. Unlike other approaches that minimize the overall elastic potential and respectively solve the corresponding variational boundary value problem, the presented method derives from minimizing the terminal strains. The solution method shows an excellent accuracy while being highly efficient at the same time. The result is equally relevant for continuum robots.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4072558","title":["Real-Time Analytic Shape Reconstruction of Deformable Linear Objects Modeled as Kirchhoff Rods in Static Equilibrium"],"author":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/052r2xn60","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Johannes Kepler University Institute of Robotics, , Altenberger Str. 69, ,","place":["4040 Linz, Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"container-title":["Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.4072558"},{"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Minimizing induced mechanical vibrations represents a challenging and critical issue in robotics, as they can degrade motion accuracy, reduce achievable performance, and accelerate mechanical wear. This article addresses the problem of minimum-jerk trajectory planning for redundant robotic manipulators by introducing an optimization approach that simultaneously exploits the structural redundancy of the robotic system and the functional redundancy of the assigned task. Unlike conventional redundancy-based approaches that typically rely on either kinematic redundancy alone or task redundancy properties, the proposed strategy leverages both types of redundancy to optimally plan the robot motion for the purpose of minimizing the end-effector jerk and, consequently, achieving smoother trajectories. In more detail, both the position of a selected redundant joint of the robot and one or more angles of the end-effector orientation are considered as optimization variables for each of the prescribed waypoints of the given path. The proposed strategy is verified on a robotic manipulator with seven degrees-of-freedom executing a pick-and-place operation. Extensive simulations and experimental tests demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in reducing the end-effector jerk by more than 90% compared to a reference case.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4072578","title":["Minimum-Jerk Trajectory Planning in Robotic Manipulators With Kinematic Redundancy"],"author":[{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Scalera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05ht0mh31","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Udine Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture, , ,","place":["Udine, Italy, 33100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuliano","family":"Fabris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05ht0mh31","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Udine Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture, , ,","place":["Udine, Italy, 33100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Boscariol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Padova Department of Management and Engineering, , ,","place":["Vicenza, Italy, 36100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Gasparetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05ht0mh31","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Udine Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture, , ,","place":["Udine, Italy, 33100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"container-title":["Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.4072578"},{"DOI":"10.1080\/08956308.2026.2705136","title":["When AI Leaves the Screen\u2014The New Era of Robotics"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"container-title":["Research-Technology Management"],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6749-8129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guy W.","family":"Bate","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08956308.2026.2705136","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]}}],"items-per-page":20,"query":{"start-index":0,"search-terms":"robotics"}}}