{"status":"ok","message-type":"work-list","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"facets":{},"total-results":319616,"items":[{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T11:35:03Z","timestamp":1774697703845,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Mesned Ilahiyat Arastirmalari Dergisi","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p xml:lang=\"ar\">\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 (\u0641\u0650\u0643\u0631\u064f\u0647\u064f)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0650\u0643\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0632\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0623\u0643\u0651\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0639. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u062a\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u062d\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u063a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0647\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0622\u062e\u0631. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0630\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064f\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u064f\u0644\u0642 \u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0649 \u0622\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0631\u0630\u064a\u0644.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.51605\/mesned.1265621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T12:14:28Z","timestamp":1687781668000},"page":"42-59","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0646\u0647"],"prefix":"10.51605","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3333-6382","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Asmaa","family":"Al Bogha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayburt  \u00dcniversitesi"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"29024","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"\u00c2curr\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Bekr Muhammed b. H\u00fcseyn b. Abdill\u00e2h. A\u1e2bl\u00e2\u1e33u ehli\u2019l-\u1e32ur\u02be\u00e2n. Bayrut: D\u00e2r\u00fc\u2019l-k\u00fct\u00fcbi\u2019l-ilmiyye, 1424-2003."},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"Ahmed b. Hanbel, Eb\u00fb Abdill\u00e2h Ahmed b. Muhammed b. Hanbel e\u015f-\u015eeyb\u00e2n\u00ee. el-M\u00fcsned. 45 cilt. Beyrut: M\u00fcesseset\u00fc\u2019r-Ris\u00e2le, 1421\/2001."},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"\u00c2l\u00fbs\u00ee, Eyser F\u00e2ik el-Hasen\u00ee. el-Ahlak fi\u2019l-kitabi ve\u2019s-s\u00fcnne. el-Enb\u00e2r: y.y., ts."},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Ayd\u0131nl\u0131, Abdullah. \u201cD\u00e2rim\u00ee Abdullah b. Abdurrahman\u201d. T\u00fcrkiye Diyanet Vakf\u0131 \u0130sl\u00e2m Ansiklopedisi. 8\/494-495. \u0130stanbul: TDV Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1993."},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"Beyhak\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Bekr Ahmed b. el-H\u00fcseyn b. Al\u00ee. \u015eu\u02bfab\u00fc\u2019l-\u00eem\u00e2n. 14 cilt. Riyad: Mektebet\u00fc'r-R\u00fc\u015fd, 1423\/2003."},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Ebu Abdullah Muhammed b. \u0130smail. Sah\u00eeh\u00fc'l-Buh\u00e2r\u00ee. thk. Mustafa el-Bu\u011f\u00e2. 7 cilt. Beyrut, D\u00e2r \u0130bn Kes\u00eer, 1407\/1987."},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"\u00c7a\u011fr\u0131c\u0131, Mustafa. \u201cHev\u00e2\u201d. T\u00fcrkiye Diyanet Vakf\u0131 \u0130sl\u00e2m Ansiklopedisi. 17\/274-276. \u0130stanbul: TDV Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1998."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dan\u0131\u015fman, Nafiz. \"Cahiliyye Kelimesinin Mana ve Men\u015fei\". Ankara \u00dcniversitesi \u0130lahiyat Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi 5\/1-4 (1956), 192-197.","DOI":"10.1501\/Ilhfak_0000000262"},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"D\u00e2rim\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Muhammed Abdullah b. Abdirrahm\u00e2n. es-S\u00fcnen. 2 cilt. b.y.: y.y., 1436\/2015."},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"D\u00f6nmez, \u0130brahim Kafi. \u201cNiyet\u201d. T\u00fcrkiye Diyanet Vakf\u0131 \u0130sl\u00e2m Ansiklopedisi. 33\/169-172. \u0130stanbul: TDV Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2007."},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, S\u00fcleyman b. el-E\u015f\u2018as es-Sicist\u00e2n\u00ee. es-S\u00fcnen. 4 cilt. Bayrut: el-Mektebet\u00fc'l-Asriyye, ts."},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"Erul, B\u00fcnyamin. \u201cHz. Peygamber\u2019in Risalet \u00d6ncesi Hayat\u0131na Farkl\u0131 Bir Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u201d. Diyanet \u0130lm\u00ee Dergi, Peygamberimiz Hz. Muhammed (SAV) \u00f6zel say\u0131s\u0131 (2000), 33-66."},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"Esed, Mu\u1e25ammed. el-\u0130sl\u00e2mu a\u02bfl\u00e2 m\u00fcftera\u1e33i\u2019\u1e6d-\u1e6duru\u1e33. Bayrut: D\u00e2r\u00fc\u2019l-ilm li\u2019l-Mel\u00e2y\u00een, 1407\/1987."},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Fayda, Mustafa. \u201cMuhammed\u201d. T\u00fcrkiye Diyanet Vakf\u0131 \u0130sl\u00e2m Ansiklopedisi. 30\/406-421. Ankara: TDV Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2020."},{"key":"ref15","unstructured":"G\u00f6rmez, Mehmet. \u201cAhl\u00e2k ve Hadis\u201d. \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n Anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131nda S\u00fcnnetin Yeri ve De\u011feri. 577-586. Ankara: TDV Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2003."},{"key":"ref16","unstructured":"Habenneke, Abdurrahm\u00e2n Hasan Meyd\u00e2n\u00ee. el-A\u1e2bl\u00e2\u1e33u\u2019l-isl\u00e2miyyetu ve ususuh\u00e2. \u015eam: D\u00e2ru'l-K\u00e2lem, 1420\/1999."},{"key":"ref17","unstructured":"Hat\u00eeb el-Ba\u011fd\u00e2d\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Bekr Ahmed b. Al\u00ee b. S\u00e2bit. el-C\u00e2mi\u02bf li-a\u1e2bl\u00e2\u1e33\u0131\u2019r-r\u00e2v\u00ee ve \u00e2d\u00e2bi\u2019s-s\u00e2mi\u02bf. Riyad: Mektebet\u00fc\u2019l-Ma\u02bf\u00e2rif, ts."},{"key":"ref18","unstructured":"Hat\u00eeb, Ebu Bekir Ahmed b. Al\u00ee b. S\u00e2bit el-Ba\u011fd\u00e2d\u00ee. T\u00e2r\u00ee\u1e2bu Ba\u011fd\u00e2d. 16 cilt. Beyrut: D\u00e2ru\u2019l-Garbi\u2019l-\u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee, 1422\/2002."},{"key":"ref19","unstructured":"\u1e24\u00fcseyn, \u0130m\u00e2d Ali Abdussemi\u02bf. \u201cA\u1e2bl\u00e2kiyy\u00e2tu mihnetu\u2019t-tedr\u00eesi f\u00ee t\u00fcras\u0331i\u2019l-mu\u1e25addis\u0331\u00een\u201d. el-Mecelletu'l \u0130lmiyyetu li-K\u00fclliyyeti'l-\u00c2d\u00e2b Asyut \u00dcniversitesi 25\/81 (2022), 119\/198."},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"\u0130bn Abdilberr, Eb\u00fb \u00d6mer Y\u00fbsuf b. Abdill\u00e2h en-Nemer\u00ee. C\u00e2mi\u02bfu bey\u00e2ni\u2019l-\u02bfilm. 2 cilt. Suudi Arabistan: D\u00e2r\u00fc \u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l-Cevz\u00ee, 1414\/1994."},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"\u0130bn Hacer el-Askal\u00e2n\u00ee, Eb\u00fc\u2019l-Fazl Ahmed b. Al\u00ee. Fet\u1e25u\u2019l-b\u00e2r\u00ee bi-\u015fer\u1e25i \u1e62a\u1e25\u00ee\u1e25i\u2019l-Bu\u1e2b\u00e2r\u00ee. 13 cilt. Beyrut: D\u00e2ru\u2019l-Marife, 1379\/1959."},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"\u0130bn Hacer el-Askal\u00e2n\u00ee, Eb\u00fc\u2019l-Fazl Ahmed b. Al\u00ee. Teh\u1e95\u00eeb\u00fc\u2019t-Teh\u1e95\u00eeb. 12 cilt. Hindistan: Matbaat\u00fc D\u00e2iret\u00fc\u2019l-ma\u00e2rifi\u2019n-niz\u00e2miyye, 1326\/1908."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"\u0130bn Kayyim el-Cevziyye, Eb\u00fb Abdill\u00e2h Muhammed b. Eb\u00ee Bekr. \u0130\u02bfl\u00e2m\u00fc\u2019l-muva\u1e33\u1e33\u0131\u02bf\u00een \u02bfan rabbi\u2019l-\u02bf\u00e2lem\u00een. 4 cilt. Beyrut: D\u00e2r\u00fc\u2019l-k\u00fct\u00fcbi\u2019l-ilmiyye, 1411\/1991."},{"key":"ref24","unstructured":"\u0130bn Kayyim el-Cevziyye, Eb\u00fb Abdill\u00e2h Muhammed b. Eb\u00ee Bekr. Med\u00e2ric\u00fc\u2019s-s\u00e2lik\u00een beyne men\u00e2zili \u201ciyy\u00e2ke na\u02bfb\u00fcd\u00fc ve iyy\u00e2ke neste\u02bf\u00een\u201d. Bayrut: D\u00e2ru'l-Kit\u00e2bi'l-Arab\u00ee, 1416\/1996."},{"key":"ref25","unstructured":"\u0130bn M\u00e2ce, Muhammed b. Yez\u00eed el-Kazv\u00een\u00ee. S\u00fcnen \u0130bn M\u00e2ce. 2 cilt. M\u0131s\u0131r: D\u00e2ru \u0130hy\u00e2i\u2019l-K\u00fct\u00fcbi\u2019l-Arabiyye, ts."},{"key":"ref26","unstructured":"\u0130bn Teymiyye, Eb\u00fc\u2019l-Abb\u00e2s Ahmed b. Abdilhal\u00eem el-Harr\u00e2n\u00ee. Mecm\u00fb\u02bfi fet\u00e2v\u00e2. 35 cilt. Suudi Arabistan: Mecma\u02bfu'l-Melik Fehd li-T\u0131b\u00e2ati'l-Mushafi'\u015f-\u015eerif, 1416\/1995."},{"key":"ref27","unstructured":"\u0130bn Teymiyye, Eb\u00fc\u2019l-Abb\u00e2s Ahmed b. Abdilhal\u00eem el-Harr\u00e2n\u00ee. Minh\u00e2c\u00fc\u2019s-s\u00fcnneti\u2019n-nebeviyye. 9 cilt. Suudi Arabistan: Camiat\u00fc`l-\u0130mam Muhammed b. Su\u00fbd el-\u0130sl\u00e2miyye, 1406\/1986."},{"key":"ref28","unstructured":"\u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l-Med\u00een\u00ee, Eb\u00fc\u2019l-Hasen Al\u00ee b. Abdill\u00e2h b. Ca\u2018fer b. Nec\u00eeh es-Sa\u2018d\u00ee. \u02bf\u0130lel\u00fc \u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l-Med\u00een\u00ee. Bayrut: el-Mektebi\u2019l-\u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee,1440\/1980."},{"key":"ref29","unstructured":"\u0130bn\u00fc\u2019\u1e63-\u1e62al\u00e2\u1e25, Eb\u00fb Amr Tak\u0131yy\u00fcdd\u00een Osm\u00e2n b. Sal\u00e2hidd\u00een Abdirrahm\u00e2n. Mu\u1e33addimet\u00fc \u0130bni\u2019\u1e63-\u1e62al\u00e2\u1e25.  thk. N\u00fbreddin Itr. Beyrut: D\u00e2r\u00fc\u2019l-fikr, 1406\/1986."},{"key":"ref30","unstructured":"Kaht\u00e2n\u00ee, Sa\u00eed b. Ali b. Vehf. el-A\u1e2bla\u1e33u fi\u2019l-isl\u00e2mi f\u00ee \u017cavi\u2019l-kit\u00e2bi ve\u2019s-s\u00fcnneti ve \u00e2s\u0331\u00e2ri\u2019s-\u1e63a\u1e25\u00e2be. Riyad: Mektebet\u00fc Melik Fehd el-Vataniyye, 1436."},{"key":"ref31","unstructured":"Kar\u2019u\u015f, Keyd\u00ee v.d.  el-A\u1e2bla\u1e33 fi\u2019l-isl\u00e2m.  Amman: D\u00e2ru\u2019l-Minh\u00e2c, 1422\/2001."},{"key":"ref32","unstructured":"Kavakl\u0131o\u011flu, Mahmut. \u201cHadis Edebiyat\u0131nda Kitabu\u2019l-Edeblerle \u0130lgili Bir De\u011ferlendirme\u201c. EKEV Akademi Dergisi 3\/2 (2001), 149-174."},{"key":"ref33","unstructured":"Mahmud, Abd\u00fclmecid. el-\u0130ttic\u00e2h\u00e2t\u00fc\u2019l-f\u0131\u1e33h\u0131yye i\u02bfnde e\u1e63\u1e25\u0101bi\u2019l-\u1e25ad\u00ees fi\u2019l-\u1e33arni\u2019 s\u0331- s\u0331\u00e2lis\u0331i\u2019l-hicr\u00ee. M\u0131s\u0131r: Mektebet\u00fc\u2019l-Hanci, 1399\/1979."},{"key":"ref34","unstructured":"Mel\u00eeh\u00ee, Ya\u1e33ub. el-A\u1e2bla\u1e33u fi\u2019l-isl\u00e2mi mea mu\u1e33areneti bi\u2019d-dey\u00e2n\u00e2ti\u2019s-sem\u00e2viyyeti ve\u2019l-a\u1e2bla\u1e33i\u2019l-va\u1e0d\u2019iyye. M\u00fcesseset\u00fc\u2019s\u0331-s\u0331e\u1e33\u0101f\u00e2ti\u2019l-c\u00e2mii\u02bfyye, 1405\/1985."},{"key":"ref35","unstructured":"M\u00fcslim, Eb\u00fc\u2019l-H\u00fcseyn M\u00fcslim b. el-Hacc\u00e2c en-Nis\u00e2b\u00fbr\u00ee. \u1e62a\u1e25\u00ee\u1e25u M\u00fcslim. thk. Muhammed Fu\u00e2d Abd\u00fclb\u00e2k\u00ee. 5 cilt. Beyrut: D\u00e2ru \u0130hy\u00e2i't-t\u00fcr\u00e2si'l-Arab\u00ee, ts."},{"key":"ref36","unstructured":"Seyf, Ahmed Muhammed Nur. Min \u00e2d\u00e2bi\u2019l-mu\u1e25addis\u0331\u00een fi\u2019t-terbiyeti ve\u2019t-ta\u2018l\u00eemi. Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri: D\u00e2r\u00fc\u2019l-Bu\u1e25\u00fbs\u0331 lid-Dir\u0101setil \u0130sl\u00e2miyye ve \u0130hy\u00e2i't-t\u00fcr\u00e2s, 1423\/2003."},{"key":"ref37","unstructured":"S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, Eb\u00fc\u2019l-Fazl Cel\u00e2l\u00fcdd\u00een Abdurrahm\u00e2n b. Eb\u00ee Bekr. Tedr\u00eeb\u00fc\u2019r-r\u00e2v\u00ee f\u00ee \u015fer\u1e25i Ta\u1e33r\u00eebi\u2019n-Nev\u00e2v\u00ee. Riy\u00e2d: D\u00e2ru Taybe, ts."},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"\u015e\u00e2m\u00ee, R\u0131z\u0131\u1e33 Yusuf Ali. \u201cCuh\u00fbdu\u2019l-mu\u1e25addis\u0331\u00een f\u00ee te\u2019sisi ilmi\u2019l-a\u1e2bla\u1e33 fi\u2019l-\u0130sl\u00e2m\u201d, Mecellet\u00fc K\u00fclliyyeti D\u00e2ri\u2019l-ul\u00fbm 2\/2 (1999), 151-183."},{"key":"ref39","unstructured":"Teft\u00e2z\u00e2n\u00ee, Eb\u00fc\u2019l-Vef\u00e2 Muhammed el-Guneym\u00ee. Med\u1e2bal ile\u2019t-ta\u1e63avvufi\u2019l-\u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee. Kahire: D\u00e2ru's\u0331-S\u0331e\u1e33\u0101f\u00e2t, ts."},{"key":"ref40","unstructured":"Tirmiz\u00ee, Eb\u00fb \u00ces\u00e2 Muhammed b. \u00ces\u00e2. S\u00fcnen\u00fc\u2019t-Tirmiz\u00ee. 6 cilt. Beyrut: D\u00e2ru\u2019l-garbi\u2019l-\u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee, 1418\/1998."},{"key":"ref41","unstructured":"Toprak, Sermin. Had\u00ees Literat\u00fcr\u00fcnde Kit\u00e2b\u00fc\u2019l-Ahl\u00e2klar. \u0130zmir: Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl \u00dcniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Y\u00fcksek lisans Tezi, 2006."},{"key":"ref42","unstructured":"T\u00fcl\u00fcc\u00fc, S\u00fcleyman. \"Cahiliyye Kelimesinin Mana ve Men\u015fei\". Atat\u00fcrk \u00dcniversitesi \u0130lahiyat Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi 0\/4 (1980), 279-285."},{"key":"ref43","unstructured":"Yal\u00e7\u0131n, Mikdat. et-Terbiyet\u00fc\u2019l-a\u1e2bla\u1e33iyyet\u00fc\u2019l-\u0130sl\u00e2miyye. Riyad: D\u00e2r\u00fc \u00c2lemi'l-K\u00fct\u00fcb, 1423\/2002."},{"key":"ref44","unstructured":"Yemen\u00ee, H\u00fcseyin b. Mans\u00fbrbill\u00e2h el-K\u00e2s\u0131m b. Mu\u1e25ammed. \u00c2d\u00e2bu\u2019l-ulem\u00e2 ve\u2019l m\u00fctea\u02bfllim\u00een. b.y: y.y, ts."},{"key":"ref45","unstructured":"Zeheb\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Abdill\u00e2h \u015eems\u00fcdd\u00een Muhammed b. Ahmed b. Osm\u00e2n. Siyeru a\u02bfl\u00e2mi\u2019n-n\u00fcbel\u00e2\u02be. 18 cilt. Kahire: D\u00e2ru\u2019l-Hadis, 1427\/2006."}],"container-title":["Mesned \u0130lahiyat Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Dergisi"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T22:42:21Z","timestamp":1732315341000},"score":97.81368,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/dergipark.org.tr\/tr\/doi\/10.51605\/mesned.1265621"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.51605\/mesned.1265621","ISSN":["2667-7075"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2667-7075","type":"print"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T00:22:50Z","timestamp":1718929370403},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Academic Publication Council - Kuwait University","issue":"104","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JSIS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0635 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0628\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a \u060c\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0628\u0649\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u061b \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634. \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0638\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0643\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0641\u0638. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0638\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34120\/jsis.v31i104.2291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]],"date-time":"2024-06-20T06:17:49Z","timestamp":1718864269000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0646\u0647"],"prefix":"10.34120","volume":"31","author":[{"family":"\u0639\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"20047","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]]},"container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.ku.edu.kw\/jsis\/index.php\/jsis\/article\/download\/2291\/1731","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.ku.edu.kw\/jsis\/index.php\/jsis\/article\/download\/2291\/1731","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]],"date-time":"2024-06-20T06:17:49Z","timestamp":1718864269000},"score":50.04599,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.ku.edu.kw\/jsis\/index.php\/jsis\/article\/view\/2291"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"104","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34120\/jsis.v31i104.2291","ISSN":["2960-1479","1029-8908"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2960-1479","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1029-8908","type":"print"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T17:46:52Z","timestamp":1648835212440},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research","issue":"0","content-domain":{"domain":["jfask.journals.ekb.eg"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u06a9\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0628 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"DOI":"10.21608\/jfask.2022.117413.1009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T20:10:31Z","timestamp":1646943031000},"page":"0-0","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.21608\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a"],"prefix":"10.21608","volume":"0","author":[{"given":"\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645","family":"\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0628","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"9060","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u06a9\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0628 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633"],"language":"ar","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jfask.journals.ekb.eg\/article_221725_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T20:23:07Z","timestamp":1646943787000},"score":48.394962,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jfask.journals.ekb.eg\/article_221725.html"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"0","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/jfask.2022.117413.1009","ISSN":["2537-1010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2537-1010","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,4]],"date-time":"2022-04-04T21:50:10Z","timestamp":1649109010303},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research","issue":"0","content-domain":{"domain":["jfask.journals.ekb.eg"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u06a9\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0628 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"DOI":"10.21608\/jfask.2022.123860.1018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T20:10:31Z","timestamp":1646943031000},"page":"0-0","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.21608\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a"],"prefix":"10.21608","volume":"0","author":[{"given":"\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645","family":"\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0628","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"9060","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u06a9\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0628 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633"],"language":"ar","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jfask.journals.ekb.eg\/article_221724_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T20:23:05Z","timestamp":1646943785000},"score":47.60572,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jfask.journals.ekb.eg\/article_221724.html"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"0","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/jfask.2022.123860.1018","ISSN":["2537-1010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2537-1010","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T23:50:13Z","timestamp":1782345013170,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Alasmarya Islamic University","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,31]],"date-time":"2015-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451520000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JHS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0642\u062f \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u2013 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645 \u2013 \u062d\u0638\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u061b\u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062d\u0638\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0634\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633 . \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a \u061b\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\" \u0641\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u061b\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u2013\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645-\u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0630\u0648 \u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u061b\u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \"\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u061b\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u061b \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \" \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u061b\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u061b\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\" \u0627\u0644\u064a \" \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631 \" \u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.59743\/jhs.v27i.57","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T23:35:04Z","timestamp":1782344104000},"page":"151-141","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645"],"prefix":"10.59743","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"\u0623. \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u062c","family":"\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"37477","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"832","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 ."},{"key":"833","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u2013 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645 \u2013 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u061b\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645 \u061b\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u061b \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u061b\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 -1421\u0647- 2000 \u0645 ."},{"key":"834","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u2013 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633\u064a-\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c1.\u062f. \u062a."},{"key":"835","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u2013 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645 \u2013 \u062f. \u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u2013\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u061b\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 1425\u0647 -2004 \u0645 ."},{"key":"836","unstructured":"\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645 \u062c2 \u061b\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 .\u062f. \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u2013\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0631 \u062c4 \u061b\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 1987 \u0645 ."},{"key":"837","unstructured":"\u0637\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629-\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a \u2013\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u061b\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 ."},{"key":"838","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0644 \u2013 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645 \u2013\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u2013\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062c3 \u061b \u062c4 1317\u0645 ."},{"key":"839","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 .\u062f. \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u061b\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u2013\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 ."},{"key":"840","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 .(\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 )\u061b\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u061b\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u061b\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u061b \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u061b1984\u0645."},{"key":"841","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u061b\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u061b\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 ."},{"key":"842","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 : \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u061b \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u061b\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u061b\u062c12 \u061b1993 \u0645"},{"key":"843","unstructured":"\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641 \u061b\u062f. \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u061b\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u061b2007"}],"container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asmarya.edu.ly\/jhs\/index.php\/jhs\/article\/download\/57\/30","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asmarya.edu.ly\/jhs\/index.php\/jhs\/article\/download\/57\/30","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T23:35:11Z","timestamp":1782344111000},"score":45.204224,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asmarya.edu.ly\/jhs\/index.php\/jhs\/article\/view\/57"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,31]]},"references-count":12,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59743\/jhs.v27i.57","ISSN":["3136-0750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"3136-0750","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,31]]}}],"items-per-page":5,"query":{"start-index":0,"search-terms":null}}}