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When there is Tafarud in a Hadith, the scholars scrutinize it with great concern to detect whether Tafarud is incidental or the Ravi has committed some mistake. The status of the Hadith is established on the basis of Tafarud. There is no specific rule or formula for it, rather every Tafarud is decided permanently on the basis of circumstances. In this paper I have mentioned Imam Tabrani way of Tafarud. I have explained different forms of Tafarud in his book Al Mujam-ul- Awsat. I have also explained with example that Tafarud is accepted sometimes wile rejected at others.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.37556\/al-idah.037.02.0547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]],"date-time":"2020-02-15T16:36:56Z","timestamp":1581784616000},"page":"229-244","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b  \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637"],"prefix":"10.37556","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Noorul","family":"Haq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dr. Fath ur Rahman","family":"Gorashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24435","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,12]]},"container-title":["Al-Idah | Shaykh Zayed Islamic Centre, University of Peshawar"],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/al-idah.szic.pk\/index.php\/al-idah\/article\/download\/547\/440","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/al-idah.szic.pk\/index.php\/al-idah\/article\/download\/547\/440","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]],"date-time":"2020-02-15T16:36:57Z","timestamp":1581784617000},"score":66.14085,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/al-idah.szic.pk\/index.php\/al-idah\/article\/view\/547"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,12]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"- 2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37556\/al-idah.037.02.0547","ISSN":["2664-3375","2075-0307"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2664-3375","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2075-0307","type":"print"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,12]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T12:40:07Z","timestamp":1752064807474,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Abhat","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.52840\/1965-012-001-001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T12:18:34Z","timestamp":1752063514000},"page":"1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631:, \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0629"],"prefix":"10.52840","author":[{"given":"\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f","family":"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"30771","container-title":["\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T12:18:35Z","timestamp":1752063515000},"score":58.107704,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/Record\/1561516"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":0,"alternative-id":["1561516"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.52840\/1965-012-001-001","published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T00:32:49Z","timestamp":1709166769133},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National University of Modern Languages","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Al Basirah"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Idraj(\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c)\u00a0 \u00a0is a specific term in the field of Hadith which means Text Inclusion. It has different kinds with varying effects (Ilal) on Hadith's understanding, and it may also have effects on Hadith's authenticity. This research explains some types of Inclusion and authenticity of Hadith's chains. The topic of this research is \"Kinds of inclusive (Idraj) text in \u201cAl-Mujamul Awsat\". Inclusive text has many types.\u00a0 Some of them are: scholar\u2019s words, explanations or understanding Included into Hadith, Inclusion Hadith al Muquf into Hadith Al Marfh, Inclusion words that originally are not from Hadith, and lastly, Inclusion of Idraj Hadith into another Hadith. These kinds may or may not affect authenticity of Hadith and their understanding. The research is practical in its nature. We have taken some Hadiths from \u201cAl-Mujamul Awsat\u201d that are relative to the topic Idraj, and taken all chains of relative Hadith and compared their authenticity through textual comparison.\u00a0 Takhreej of such types of hadith has also been done. After that, its Illat have been studied too. Researcher\u2019s opinion follows at the end of every Hadith.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.52015\/albasirah.v12i02.189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T05:42:37Z","timestamp":1709098957000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629)"],"prefix":"10.52015","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Abdul Samee","family":"Jessar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prof. Dr. Fateh-Ur-Rehman","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"18108","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,31]]},"container-title":["Al Basirah"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/albasirah.numl.edu.pk\/index.php\/alb\/article\/download\/189\/69","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/albasirah.numl.edu.pk\/index.php\/alb\/article\/download\/189\/69","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T05:42:37Z","timestamp":1709098957000},"score":55.862453,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/albasirah.numl.edu.pk\/index.php\/alb\/article\/view\/189"}},"subtitle":["Idraj and Its Types in the Light of Mujam al-Awsat (An Aapplied and Sample Study)"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,31]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"02","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.52015\/albasirah.v12i02.189","ISSN":["2520-7334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2520-7334","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,31]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T10:26:13Z","timestamp":1775125573605,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ibn Alarabi Center for Culture and Publishing","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["benkjournal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0647\u061b \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a (\u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0640\u0645) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632\u0627 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\u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627.\nThe study came to demonstrate the importance of the science of Waqf and Ibtida with what Allah Almighty has facilitated us to stand on from the legal texts, prophetic hadiths, and the traces of the predecessors of this nation, which demonstrated the great value of this science and the urgent need that drives us to stand on it, know it, and care for it. Scholars continue to draw from this inexhaustible source, so it is rare for an interpretation to be devoid of discussing these rulings and readings. The importance of the topic stems from its connection, as it relates to the origins of the Islamic religion, and the basis for the establishment and revival of the legal sciences; I mean: the Holy Qur\u2019an. If the honor of each science is in the honor of its subject, then the subject of this study is the Book of Allah Almighty, so Waqf and Ibtida gain their importance and status from their connection to the words of Allah Almighty, as the subject of the science of Waqf and Ibtida is the Holy Qur\u2019an in terms of the correct performance of its recitation. Learning how to stop and start is something that has been transmitted from the predecessors, from the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings of God be upon him) to this day. The researcher proceeded in editing this study based on a set of elements that he considered appropriate for the study subject, relying on the inductive and analytical method. The researcher reached a set of results, the most important of which is that the science of stopping and starting is clear in that it originally came to make things easier for Muslims. The scholars also made frequent recitation a legitimate basis for the science of stopping and starting, to be referred to, relied upon, and judged by.\n\u00a0<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.56989\/benkj.v4i9.1206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T20:49:22Z","timestamp":1729889362000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629"],"prefix":"10.56989","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"\u0641\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621","family":"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644\u064a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"36535","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"13615","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 911\u0647\u0640) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: 1394\u0647\u0640\/ 1974 \u0645."},{"key":"13616","unstructured":"\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1423\u0647\/ 2002\u0645."},{"key":"13617","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0639 (\u0637 \u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a) \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a \u2013 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1357\u0647\u0640 - 1938\u0645."},{"key":"13618","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0634\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 794\u0647\u0640) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1376\u0647\u0640\/ 1957\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647."},{"key":"13619","unstructured":"\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 489\u0647\u0640) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u064a\u0627\u0633\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0646 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1418\u0647\u0640- 1997\u0645."},{"key":"13620","unstructured":"\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0631\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 310\u0647\u0640) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1420\u0647\u0640 - 2000\u0645."},{"key":"13621","unstructured":"\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641: \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629."},{"key":"13622","unstructured":"\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0635\u0641\u0648\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c\u062f\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 1424\u0647\u0640 - 2003\u0645."},{"key":"13623","unstructured":"\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1424\u0647\u0640 - 2003\u0645."},{"key":"13624","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u064e\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0632\u0650\u0649\u0651\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062f \u0637. \u062f \u062a."},{"key":"13625","unstructured":"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 395\u0647\u0640)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 1399\u0647\u0640\/ 1979\u0645."},{"key":"13626","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 444\u0647\u0640)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 1422\u0647\u0640\/ 2001\u0645."},{"key":"13627","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649: 833\u0647\u0640)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0639 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 1380\u0647\u0640)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649."},{"key":"13628","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 (\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644) \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 1421\u0647\u0640 - 2000\u0645."}],"container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.benkjournal.com\/article\/download\/1206\/929","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.benkjournal.com\/article\/download\/1206\/929","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T20:49:24Z","timestamp":1729889364000},"score":55.76578,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.benkjournal.com\/article\/view\/1206"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56989\/benkj.v4i9.1206","ISSN":["2789-3359","2789-7834"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2789-3359","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2789-7834","type":"print"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]}}],"items-per-page":5,"query":{"start-index":0,"search-terms":null}}}