{"status":"ok","message-type":"work-list","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"facets":{},"total-results":310305,"items":[{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T04:08:45Z","timestamp":1751342925054,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Biskra University","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.37136\/1003-024-001-004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T13:01:35Z","timestamp":1751288495000},"page":"58","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a"],"prefix":"10.37136","author":[{"given":"\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641","family":"\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d","family":"\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"23349","container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T13:04:38Z","timestamp":1751288678000},"score":136.00993,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/Record\/1521225"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":0,"alternative-id":["1521225"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37136\/1003-024-001-004","published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T17:57:00Z","timestamp":1648749420796},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Islamic University of Gaza","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IUGJIS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0640 \"\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064f\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629)\" \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064f\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0634\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645.\n\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0635\u062d \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a -\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a\u0646- \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u2013\u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645-\u060c \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0634\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.33976\/iugjis.30.1\/2022\/26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T08:32:46Z","timestamp":1643099566000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629)"],"prefix":"10.33976","volume":"30","member":"19873","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 - \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 - \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b)"],"language":"ar","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T08:32:47Z","timestamp":1643099567000},"score":63.26454,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.iugaza.edu.ps\/index.php\/IUGJIS\/article\/view\/9041"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33976\/iugjis.30.1\/2022\/26","archive":["Internet Archive","LOCKSS"],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T08:14:50Z","timestamp":1772698490362,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"University of Baghdad - College of Arts","issue":"92","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723161600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JSHA"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\u062d\u0641\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064f\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0647\u0651\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629\u064b \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629\r\n\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645, \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639, \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0633\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0646, \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0647.\r\n\u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064f\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062f\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0645\u0650 \u0648\u062c\u064e\u0648\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u0642\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0645\u0650 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0650 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0650 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u0650.\r\n\u0648\u0636\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064f\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064e \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064f\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.\r\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064f\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u064e\u0641\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064f\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064f\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062c.\r\n\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064f\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062d\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.\r\n\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0646\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064f\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0641\u0638\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u062a\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0650 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0641\u0638\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635.\r\n\u0634\u064e\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062f\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064f\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u063a\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0632\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u062d\u0630\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629.\r\n\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0648\u062e\u064f\u0644\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u0644\u0648 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0637\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 .<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.65074\/dvq6vk27","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T07:30:08Z","timestamp":1772695808000},"page":"267-300","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629"],"prefix":"10.65074","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"\u0634\u0630\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a","family":"\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"16981","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]},"container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jcoart.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php\/2075-3047\/article\/download\/989\/643","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jcoart.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php\/2075-3047\/article\/download\/989\/643","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T07:30:09Z","timestamp":1772695809000},"score":53.16721,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jcoart.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php\/2075-3047\/article\/view\/989"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"92","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.65074\/dvq6vk27","ISSN":["2075-3047"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-3047","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]],"date-time":"2022-04-05T16:39:38Z","timestamp":1649176778316},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Emir Abdelkader University of Islamic Sciences Review","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.37138\/1425-035-001-005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]],"date-time":"2022-03-28T12:04:31Z","timestamp":1648469071000},"page":"203","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631:, \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f"],"prefix":"10.37138","author":[{"given":"\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f","family":"\u0648\u0644\u064a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"23352","container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]],"date-time":"2022-03-28T12:04:39Z","timestamp":1648469079000},"score":51.994854,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/Record\/1195114"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":0,"alternative-id":["1195114"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37138\/1425-035-001-005","published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,22]],"date-time":"2023-04-22T04:46:29Z","timestamp":1682138789608},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Emir Abdelkader University for Islamic Sciences constantin","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]],"date-time":"2021-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624752000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["emirj"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u064f\u0643\u0650\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641\u061b \u0648\u0633\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0643\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627\u061b \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.37138\/emirj.v35i1.771","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]],"date-time":"2023-03-09T19:34:48Z","timestamp":1678390488000},"page":"203-263","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f"],"prefix":"10.37138","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631","family":"\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0644\u064a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"23352","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]]},"container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629"],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz\/ojs\/index.php\/Emirj\/article\/download\/771\/520","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,22]],"date-time":"2023-04-22T02:06:16Z","timestamp":1682129176000},"score":51.640118,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz\/ojs\/index.php\/Emirj\/article\/view\/771"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37138\/emirj.v35i1.771","ISSN":["2588-204X","1112-4040"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2588-204X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1112-4040","type":"print"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]]}}],"items-per-page":5,"query":{"start-index":0,"search-terms":null}}}