{"status":"ok","message-type":"work-list","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"facets":{},"total-results":312211,"items":[{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T14:07:09Z","timestamp":1771164429425,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Libyan Academy for Postgraduate Studies, Misrata Branch","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]],"date-time":"2021-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627603200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["jar"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u061b \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f .\r\n\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638\u0647 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 - \u061b \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0647 .\r\n\u00a0\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 : \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u061b \u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647 \u061b \u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u061b \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f .<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.65540\/jar.v19i.329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T13:49:13Z","timestamp":1771163353000},"page":"244-235","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u0645\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0650\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a"],"prefix":"10.65540","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a","family":"\u0639\u064a\u0628\u0644\u0648","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"55048","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"6441","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 : \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u062f\u064a \u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 : \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a \u060c \u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u060c 1378 \u0647\u0640 ."},{"key":"6442","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062e\u0633\u064a : \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062e\u0633\u064a : \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 : \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 ( 1372 \u0647\u0640 ) ."},{"key":"6443","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a : \u0644\u0632\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a \u060c \u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u060c 1995 \u0645 ."},{"key":"6444","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 : \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0634\u064a : \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 ."},{"key":"6445","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 : \u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646 : \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a \u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 : \u062f . \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0628 \u060c \u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1400 \u0647 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 ."},{"key":"6446","unstructured":"\u2013 \u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0629 : \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627 : \u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u060c \u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1962 \u0645 ."},{"key":"6447","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 : \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a : \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 : \u062f . \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u062a\u0648 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1400 \u0647 \u0640 ."},{"key":"6448","unstructured":"\u2013 \u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 : \u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0634\u0627\u0647 \u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a \u060c \u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1330 \u0647"},{"key":"6449","unstructured":"\u2013 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 : \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0643\u064a : \u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u060c \u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1331 \u0647 ."},{"key":"6450","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0629 : \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a \u060c \u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 ."},{"key":"6451","unstructured":"\u2013 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 : \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 : \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1441 \u0647 2019 \u0645 ."},{"key":"6452","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 : \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0646 : \u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 : \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a \u060c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0631 ."},{"key":"6453","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 : \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a : \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 : \u062f . \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1410 \u0647 \u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 ."},{"key":"6454","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a : \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0641\u0627\u062c\u064a \u060c \u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1376 \u0647 ."},{"key":"6455","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 : \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 : \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1375 \u0647 \u060c \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a ."},{"key":"6456","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0629 : \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u060c \u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u060c \u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u060c 1324 \u0647 ."},{"key":"6457","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 : \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a : \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0630\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0635\u0641\u0649 \u060c \u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0631 1324 \u0647 ."},{"key":"6458","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0632\u062f\u0648\u064a : \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a : \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631 : \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1394 \u0647 ."},{"key":"6459","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 : \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 : \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a ."},{"key":"6460","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0628 : \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u062d\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 1393 \u0647 \u060c \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 ."},{"key":"6461","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0635\u0641\u0649 : \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a : \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0631 1324\u0647 ."},{"key":"6462","unstructured":"- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a . \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 . \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f : \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u062c\u0627 ."},{"key":"6463","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0629 : \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f : \u062f . \u0632\u0644\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0634 \u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u060c 1433 \u0647 2012 \u0645 ."},{"key":"6464","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 : \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 : \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a \u060c \u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a \u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 : \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646 ."},{"key":"6465","unstructured":": \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a : \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a : \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u062f \u060c \u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u060c"},{"key":"6466","unstructured":"\u0647 2015 \u0645 ."},{"key":"6467","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 : \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0631\u0642\u0646\u062f\u064a :\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0631\u0642\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a \u060c\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062f . \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u0643\u064a \u0637 . \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 1404 \u0647 ."},{"key":"6468","unstructured":"\u2013 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 : \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646 : \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 : \u062f \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a ."}],"container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/lam-journal.ly\/index.php\/jar\/article\/download\/329\/234","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/lam-journal.ly\/index.php\/jar\/article\/download\/329\/234","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T13:49:14Z","timestamp":1771163354000},"score":63.960854,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/lam-journal.ly\/index.php\/jar\/article\/view\/329"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]]},"references-count":28,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.65540\/jar.v19i.329","ISSN":["3106-0765"],"issn-type":[{"value":"3106-0765","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T23:32:12Z","timestamp":1648855932503},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"AL- HIKMA Scientific Research Center","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"DOI":"10.34277\/1461-000-011-008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,2]],"date-time":"2019-10-02T07:31:37Z","timestamp":1570001497000},"page":"121","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0646"],"prefix":"10.34277","author":[{"given":"\u0628\u0627\u064a","family":"\u0628\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062f","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"20309","container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,2]],"date-time":"2019-10-02T07:31:52Z","timestamp":1570001512000},"score":55.615692,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/Record\/945022"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"references-count":0,"alternative-id":["945022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34277\/1461-000-011-008","published":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:55:41Z","timestamp":1753894541036,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"The Islamic University (Dar Almandumah)","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"DOI":"10.51837\/0827-000-069-003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,29]],"date-time":"2025-06-29T13:49:23Z","timestamp":1751204963000},"page":"53","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646"],"prefix":"10.51837","author":[{"given":"\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a","family":"\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0648\u064a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f","family":"\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"29355","container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,29]],"date-time":"2025-06-29T13:51:38Z","timestamp":1751205098000},"score":49.797066,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/search.mandumah.com\/Record\/1342621"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":0,"alternative-id":["1342621"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.51837\/0827-000-069-003","published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,12]],"date-time":"2025-01-12T05:08:13Z","timestamp":1736658493623,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Egyptian Knowledge Bank","issue":"0","content-domain":{"domain":["sjrse.journals.ekb.eg"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"DOI":"10.21608\/sjrse.2025.313119.1042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,11]],"date-time":"2025-01-11T09:17:56Z","timestamp":1736587076000},"page":"0-0","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645"],"prefix":"10.21608","volume":"0","author":[{"given":"\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f","family":"\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"9060","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"container-title":["\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629"],"language":"ar","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/sjrse.journals.ekb.eg\/article_403890_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,11]],"date-time":"2025-01-11T09:44:39Z","timestamp":1736588679000},"score":47.59247,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sjrse.journals.ekb.eg\/article_403890.html"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"0","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/sjrse.2025.313119.1042","ISSN":["2812-6068"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2812-6068","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T12:52:44Z","timestamp":1782305564468,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Egyptian Knowledge Bank","issue":"0","content-domain":{"domain":["mksq.journals.ekb.eg"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u06a9\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0646\u0637\u0627"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"DOI":"10.21608\/mksq.2026.503957.1300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T12:25:46Z","timestamp":1782303946000},"page":"0-0","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a"],"prefix":"10.21608","volume":"0","author":[{"given":"\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0621","family":"\u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"9060","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u06a9\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0646\u0637\u0627"],"language":"ar","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/mksq.journals.ekb.eg\/article_512124_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T12:27:34Z","timestamp":1782304054000},"score":46.4377,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/mksq.journals.ekb.eg\/article_512124.html"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"0","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/mksq.2026.503957.1300","ISSN":["2636-2686"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2636-2686","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]}}],"items-per-page":5,"query":{"start-index":0,"search-terms":null}}}