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(1984\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631."},{"key":"25575","unstructured":"\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a. (2004\u0645)\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629."},{"key":"25576","unstructured":"\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0628\u060c (1423\u0647\u0640)\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c (\u06371)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a."},{"key":"25577","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0631\u060c (\u06371)\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645."},{"key":"25578","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646. (1997\u0645)\u060c \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a."},{"key":"25579","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646. (\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646)\u060c \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a."},{"key":"25580","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641. (2000\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0635\u062f\u0642\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c (\u06371)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631."},{"key":"25581","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c (1379\u0647\u0640)\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u060c (\u06372) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627."},{"key":"25582","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645. (1993\u0645)\u060c \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u0627\u060c (\u06375) \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 - \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629."},{"key":"25583","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630\u064a\u060c (1975\u0645)\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c (\u06372)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a."},{"key":"25584","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f. (1986\u0645)\u060c \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a (\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.","DOI":"10.35217\/0048-003-009-007"},{"key":"25585","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641. (1983\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629: \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c (\u06371)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629."},{"key":"25586","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u062f. (1987\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u062d\u060c (\u06377)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646."},{"key":"25587","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646. (1997\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0629\u060c (\u06371)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629."},{"key":"25588","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. (2004\u0645)\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0648\u0649\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641."},{"key":"25589","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f. (1999\u0645)\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c (\u06371)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631."},{"key":"25590","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631. (2001\u0645)\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c (\u06371)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646."},{"key":"25591","unstructured":"\u0630\u0647\u0628\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u060c (2022\u0645) \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0630\u0647\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 9\/ \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 1."},{"key":"25592","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (1412\u0647\u0640) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c (\u06371)\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629."},{"key":"25593","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2007\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645."},{"key":"25594","unstructured":"\u0631\u0636\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a. (1990\u0645)\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 (\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631)\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0636\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628."},{"key":"25595","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0631. (1994\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u060c (\u06371)\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a."},{"key":"25596","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0631. (1998\u0645)\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0639\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c (\u06371)\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b."},{"key":"25597","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062e\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c (1998\u0645)\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629."},{"key":"25598","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062e\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0647\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a."},{"key":"25599","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631. (2000\u0645)\u060c \u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646\u060c (\u06371)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c"},{"key":"25600","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645. (1991\u0645) \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0647: \u0637\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0641 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629."},{"key":"25601","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0632\u0645\u064a \u0637\u0647. (2025\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a."},{"key":"25602","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0625\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a. (1997\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0625\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c (\u06371)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646."},{"key":"25603","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0646\u0628\u0644. (2001\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0646\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0634\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c (\u06371)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a."},{"key":"25604","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0633. (1967\u0645)\u060c \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641: \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u060c (\u06371)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629."},{"key":"25605","unstructured":"\u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c (\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631)\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 2012\u0645."},{"key":"25606","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a. (1420\u0647\u0640)\u060c \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0628 = \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c (\u06373)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a."},{"key":"25607","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629. (2009\u0645) \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 18\u060c 64 \u2013 79.","DOI":"10.52128\/0911-011-018-005"},{"key":"25608","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a (1999\u0645) \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c (\u06372)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u064a\u0628\u0629."},{"key":"25609","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0637\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f. (1964\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629."},{"key":"25610","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627. (1972\u0645) \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0631."},{"key":"25611","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646. (2002\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c (\u06373)\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c."},{"key":"25612","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646. (2014\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c 1 \u2013 26."},{"key":"25613","unstructured":"\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a. (1965 \u2013 2001\u0645)\u060c \u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628."},{"key":"25614","unstructured":"\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2007\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c (\u06371)\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629."},{"key":"25615","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631. (1993\u0645)\u060c \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c (\u06373)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631."},{"key":"25616","unstructured":"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645. (2018\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629."},{"key":"25617","unstructured":"\u0648\u0637\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u062f\u060c (2005\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645."},{"key":"25618","unstructured":"\u0648\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0621. (\u062f.\u062a) \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 14\u060c 471 \u2013 480."},{"key":"25619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (2014\u0645) \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (28).","DOI":"10.52128\/0911-016-028-006"},{"key":"25620","unstructured":"References in Arabic:"},{"key":"25621","unstructured":"- Ibn Am\u012br \u1e24\u0101jj, Mu\u1e25ammad ibn Mu\u1e25ammad al-\u1e24alab\u012b. (1318H). Al-taqr\u012br wa-al-ta\u1e25b\u012br \u02bfal\u0101 kit\u0101b al-Ta\u1e25r\u012br (1st ed.). B\u016bl\u0101q, Egypt: al-Ma\u1e6dba\u02bfah al-Am\u012briyyah al-Kubr\u0101."},{"key":"25622","unstructured":"- Ibn \u02bf\u0100sh\u016br, Mu\u1e25ammad al-\u1e6c\u0101hir. (1984). Al-Ta\u1e25r\u012br wa-al-tanw\u012br. Tunis: al-D\u0101r al-T\u016bnisiyyah lil-Nashr."},{"key":"25623","unstructured":"- Ibn \u02bf\u0100sh\u016br, Mu\u1e25ammad al-\u1e6c\u0101hir. (2004). Maq\u0101\u1e63id al-shar\u012b\u02bfah al-Isl\u0101miyyah (M. al-\u1e24ab\u012bb Ibn al-Kh\u016bjah, Ed.). Qatar: Wiz\u0101rat al-Awq\u0101f wa-al-Shu\u02be\u016bn al-Isl\u0101miyyah."},{"key":"25624","unstructured":"- Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, Mu\u1e25ammad ibn Ab\u012b Bakr ibn Ayy\u016bb. (1423H). A\u02bfl\u0101m al-muwaqqi\u02bf\u012bn \u02bfan rabb al-\u02bf\u0101lam\u012bn (M. ibn \u1e24asan \u0100l Salm\u0101n, Ed.; 1st ed.). Dammam: D\u0101r Ibn al-Jawz\u012b."},{"key":"25625","unstructured":"- Al-A\u1e63ba\u1e25\u012b, Mu\u1e25ammad ibn \u02bfAl\u012b Ibn al-Azraq al-M\u0101lik\u012b. Bad\u0101\u02bei\u02bf al-silk f\u012b \u1e6dab\u0101\u02bei\u02bf al-mulk (\u02bfA. S. al-Nashsh\u0101r, Ed.; 1st ed.). Baghdad: Wiz\u0101rat al-I\u02bfl\u0101m."},{"key":"25626","unstructured":"- Al-Alb\u0101n\u012b, Mu\u1e25ammad N\u0101\u1e63ir al-D\u012bn. (1997). \u1e62a\u1e25\u012b\u1e25 al-adab al-mufrad lil-Im\u0101m al-Bukh\u0101r\u012b by Mu\u1e25ammad ibn Ism\u0101\u02bf\u012bl al-Bukh\u0101r\u012b. Beirut: D\u0101r al-\u1e62idd\u012bq."},{"key":"25627","unstructured":"- Al-Alb\u0101n\u012b, Mu\u1e25ammad N\u0101\u1e63ir al-D\u012bn. (n.d.). \u1e62a\u1e25\u012b\u1e25 al-j\u0101mi\u02bf al-\u1e63agh\u012br wa-ziy\u0101datuh. Beirut: al-Maktab al-Isl\u0101m\u012b."},{"key":"25628","unstructured":"- Al-Andalus\u012b, Ab\u016b \u1e24ayy\u0101n Mu\u1e25ammad ibn Y\u016bsuf. (2000). Al-ba\u1e25r al-mu\u1e25\u012b\u1e6d f\u012b al-tafs\u012br (\u1e62. Jam\u012bl et al., Eds.; 1st ed.). Beirut: D\u0101r al-Fikr."},{"key":"25629","unstructured":"- Al-Bukh\u0101r\u012b, Mu\u1e25ammad ibn Ism\u0101\u02bf\u012bl. (1379H). Al-adab al-mufrad (M. F. \u02bfAbd al-B\u0101q\u012b, Ed.; 2nd ed.). Cairo: al-Ma\u1e6dba\u02bfah al-Salafiyyah wa-Maktabatuh\u0101."},{"key":"25630","unstructured":"- Al-Bukh\u0101r\u012b, Mu\u1e25ammad ibn Ism\u0101\u02bf\u012bl ibn Ibr\u0101h\u012bm. (1993). \u1e62a\u1e25\u012b\u1e25 al-Bukh\u0101r\u012b (M. D. al-Bugh\u0101, Ed.; 5th ed.). Beirut: Mu\u02beassasat al-Ris\u0101lah; Damascus: D\u0101r Ibn Kath\u012br & D\u0101r al-Yam\u0101mah."},{"key":"25631","unstructured":"- Al-Tirmidh\u012b, Mu\u1e25ammad ibn \u02bf\u012as\u0101 ibn S\u016brah. (1975). Sunan al-Tirmidh\u012b (A. M. Sh\u0101kir et al., Eds.; 2nd ed.). Cairo: Sharikat Maktabat wa-Ma\u1e6dba\u02bfat Mu\u1e63\u1e6daf\u0101 al-B\u0101b\u012b al-\u1e24alab\u012b."},{"key":"25632","unstructured":"- Al-J\u0101bir\u012b, Mu\u1e25ammad \u02bf\u0100bid. (1986). Naqd al-\u02bfaql al-\u02bfArab\u012b: Takw\u012bn al-\u02bfaql al-\u02bfArab\u012b. Beirut: Markaz Dir\u0101s\u0101t al-Wa\u1e25dah al-\u02bfArabiyyah."},{"key":"25633","unstructured":"- Al-Jurj\u0101n\u012b, \u02bfAl\u012b ibn Mu\u1e25ammad al-Shar\u012bf. (1983). Al-ta\u02bfr\u012bf\u0101t (1st ed.). Beirut: D\u0101r al-Kutub al-\u02bfIlmiyyah."},{"key":"25634","unstructured":"- Al-Jawhar\u012b, Ism\u0101\u02bf\u012bl ibn \u1e24amm\u0101d. (1987). Al-\u1e63i\u1e25\u0101\u1e25 (7th ed.). Beirut: D\u0101r al-\u02bfIlm lil-Mal\u0101y\u012bn."},{"key":"25635","unstructured":"- Al-Juwayn\u012b, \u02bfAbd al-Malik ibn \u02bfAbd All\u0101h ibn Y\u016bsuf. (1997). Al-burh\u0101n f\u012b u\u1e63\u016bl al-fiqh (\u1e62. M. \u02bfUway\u1e0dah, Ed.; 1st ed.). Beirut: D\u0101r al-Kutub al-\u02bfIlmiyyah."},{"key":"25636","unstructured":"- Ibn Taymiyyah, Taq\u012b al-D\u012bn A\u1e25mad ibn \u02bfAbd al-\u1e24al\u012bm. (2004). Majm\u016b\u02bf al-fat\u0101w\u0101 (\u02bfA. R. ibn Mu\u1e25ammad ibn Q\u0101sim, Ed.). Medina: Majma\u02bf al-Malik Fahd li-\u1e6cib\u0101\u02bfat al-Mu\u1e63\u1e25af al-Shar\u012bf."},{"key":"25637","unstructured":"- Al-\u1e24imyar\u012b, Nashw\u0101n ibn Sa\u02bf\u012bd. (1999). Shams al-\u02bful\u016bm wa-daw\u0101\u02be kal\u0101m al-\u02bfArab min al-kul\u016bm (\u1e24. al-\u02bfUmar\u012b et al., Eds.; 1st ed.). Beirut: D\u0101r al-Fikr al-Mu\u02bf\u0101\u1e63ir; Damascus: D\u0101r al-Fikr."},{"key":"25638","unstructured":"- Al-Kh\u0101dim\u012b, N\u016br al-D\u012bn Mukht\u0101r. (2001). \u02bfIlm al-maq\u0101\u1e63id al-shar\u02bfiyyah (1st ed.). Riyadh: Maktabat al-\u02bfUbayk\u0101n."},{"key":"25639","unstructured":"- Dhahab, \u1e62\u0101li\u1e25, & Mawl\u016bd, Wath\u012bq. (2022). Dawr maq\u0101\u1e63id al-shar\u012b\u02bfah f\u012b ta\u02be\u1e63\u012bl al-fiqh al-\u1e63in\u0101\u02bf\u012b wa-al-fiqh al-raqm\u012b. Al-Mudawwanah, 9(1)."},{"key":"25640","unstructured":"- Al-R\u0101ghib al-A\u1e63fah\u0101n\u012b, al-\u1e24usayn ibn Mu\u1e25ammad. (1412H). Al-mufrad\u0101t f\u012b ghar\u012bb al-Qur\u02be\u0101n (\u1e62. \u02bfA. al-D\u0101w\u016bd\u012b, Ed.; 1st ed.). Damascus: D\u0101r al-Qalam; Beirut: al-D\u0101r al-Sh\u0101miyyah."},{"key":"25641","unstructured":"- Al-R\u0101ghib al-A\u1e63fah\u0101n\u012b, al-\u1e24usayn ibn Mu\u1e25ammad. (2007). Al-dhar\u012b\u02bfah il\u0101 mak\u0101rim al-shar\u012b\u02bfah (A. Y. A. Zayd al-\u02bfAjam\u012b, Ed.). Cairo: D\u0101r al-Sal\u0101m."},{"key":"25642","unstructured":"- Ri\u1e0d\u0101, Mu\u1e25ammad Rash\u012bd \u02bfAl\u012b. (1990). Tafs\u012br al-Qur\u02be\u0101n al-\u1e25ak\u012bm (Tafs\u012br al-Man\u0101r). Cairo: al-Hay\u02beah al-Mi\u1e63riyyah al-\u02bf\u0100mmah lil-Kit\u0101b."},{"key":"25643","unstructured":"- Al-Zarkash\u012b, Badr al-D\u012bn Mu\u1e25ammad ibn \u02bfAbd All\u0101h ibn Bah\u0101dir. (1994). Al-ba\u1e25r al-mu\u1e25\u012b\u1e6d f\u012b u\u1e63\u016bl al-fiqh (1st ed.). D\u0101r al-Kutub\u012b."},{"key":"25644","unstructured":"- Al-Zarkash\u012b, Badr al-D\u012bn Mu\u1e25ammad ibn \u02bfAbd All\u0101h ibn Bah\u0101dir. (1998). Tashn\u012bf al-mas\u0101mi\u02bf bi-jam\u02bf al-jaw\u0101mi\u02bf (S. \u02bfA. \u02bfAbd al-\u02bfAz\u012bz & \u02bfA. Rab\u012b\u02bf, Eds.; 1st ed.). Maktabat Qur\u1e6dubah lil-Ba\u1e25th al-\u02bfIlm\u012b wa-I\u1e25y\u0101\u02be al-Tur\u0101th."},{"key":"25645","unstructured":"- Al-Zamakhshar\u012b, Ma\u1e25m\u016bd ibn \u02bfUmar. (1998). As\u0101s al-bal\u0101ghah (M. B. \u02bfUy\u016bn al-S\u016bd, Ed.). Beirut: D\u0101r al-Kutub al-\u02bfIlmiyyah."},{"key":"25646","unstructured":"- Al-Sarakhs\u012b, Mu\u1e25ammad ibn A\u1e25mad ibn Sahl. Tamh\u012bd al-fu\u1e63\u016bl f\u012b al-u\u1e63\u016bl. Beirut: D\u0101r al-Ma\u02bfrifah."},{"key":"25647","unstructured":"- Al-Sa\u02bfd\u012b, \u02bfAbd al-Ra\u1e25m\u0101n ibn N\u0101\u1e63ir. (2000). Tays\u012br al-kar\u012bm al-Ra\u1e25m\u0101n (1st ed.). Beirut: Mu\u02beassasat al-Ris\u0101lah."},{"key":"25648","unstructured":"- Al-Sulam\u012b, \u02bfIzz al-D\u012bn ibn \u02bfAbd al-Sal\u0101m. (1991). Qaw\u0101\u02bfid al-a\u1e25k\u0101m f\u012b ma\u1e63\u0101li\u1e25 al-an\u0101m (\u1e6c. \u02bfA. al-Ra\u02be\u016bf Sa\u02bfd, Rev.). Cairo: Maktabat al-Kulliyy\u0101t al-Azhariyyah."},{"key":"25649","unstructured":"- Al-Sayyid, \u02bfAzm\u012b \u1e6c\u0101h\u0101. (2025). Al-thaq\u0101fah al-Isl\u0101miyyah: Na\u1e25wa ta\u02bes\u012bs \u02bfilm al-thaq\u0101fah al-Isl\u0101miyyah. Virginia: al-Ma\u02bfhad al-\u02bf\u0100lam\u012b lil-Fikr al-Isl\u0101m\u012b."},{"key":"25650","unstructured":"- Al-Sh\u0101\u1e6dib\u012b, Ab\u016b Is\u1e25\u0101q Ibr\u0101h\u012bm ibn M\u016bs\u0101 al-Lakhm\u012b. (1997). Al-muw\u0101faq\u0101t (M. ibn \u1e24asan \u0100l Salm\u0101n, Ed.; 1st ed.). Riyadh: D\u0101r Ibn \u02bfAff\u0101n."},{"key":"25651","unstructured":"- Al-Shayb\u0101n\u012b, A\u1e25mad ibn Mu\u1e25ammad ibn \u1e24anbal. (2001). Al-musnad (Shu\u02bfayb al-Arna\u02be\u016b\u1e6d et al., Eds.; 1st ed.). Beirut: Mu\u02beassasat al-Ris\u0101lah."},{"key":"25652","unstructured":"- Al-\u1e62anh\u0101j\u012b, \u02bfAbd al-\u1e24am\u012bd ibn B\u0101d\u012bs. (1967). \u0100th\u0101r Ibn B\u0101d\u012bs (\u02bfAmm\u0101r \u1e6c\u0101lib\u012b, Comp.; 1st ed.). Algeria: al-Sharikah al-Jaz\u0101\u02beiriyyah."},{"key":"25653","unstructured":"- \u02bf\u012as\u0101, M\u0101zin ibn Mu\u1e25ammad. (2012). Al-\u012bm\u0101n bi-al-yawm al-\u0101khir wa-atharuh \u02bfal\u0101 al-fard wa-al-mujtama\u02bf (Master\u2019s thesis). J\u0101mi\u02bfat al-Qur\u02be\u0101n al-Kar\u012bm wa-al-\u02bfUl\u016bm al-Isl\u0101miyyah."},{"key":"25654","unstructured":"- Fakhr al-R\u0101z\u012b, Mu\u1e25ammad ibn \u02bfUmar ibn al-\u1e24asan al-Taym\u012b. (1420H). Maf\u0101t\u012b\u1e25 al-ghayb = al-tafs\u012br al-kab\u012br (3rd ed.). Beirut: D\u0101r I\u1e25y\u0101\u02be al-Tur\u0101th al-\u02bfArab\u012b."},{"key":"25655","unstructured":"- Q\u0101ris, Jam\u012blah. (2009). \u1e24if\u1e93 al-m\u0101l wa-dawruh f\u012b \u1e25if\u1e93 al-\u1e0dar\u016briyy\u0101t al-khams. Majallat al-\u1e62ir\u0101\u1e6d, (18), 64\u201379."},{"key":"25656","unstructured":"- Al-Qurash\u012b, Ab\u016b al-Fid\u0101\u02be Ism\u0101\u02bf\u012bl ibn \u02bfUmar ibn Kath\u012br al-Ba\u1e63r\u012b. (1999). Tafs\u012br al-Qur\u02be\u0101n al-\u02bfa\u1e93\u012bm (S. ibn Mu\u1e25ammad al-Sal\u0101mah, Ed.; 2nd ed.). Riyadh: D\u0101r \u1e6caybah."},{"key":"25657","unstructured":"- Al-Qur\u1e6dub\u012b, Ab\u016b \u02bfAbd All\u0101h Mu\u1e25ammad ibn A\u1e25mad. (1964). Al-j\u0101mi\u02bf li-a\u1e25k\u0101m al-Qur\u02be\u0101n (A. al-Bard\u016bn\u012b & I. A\u1e6dfaysh, Eds.). Cairo: D\u0101r al-Kutub al-Mi\u1e63riyyah."},{"key":"25658","unstructured":"- Al-Qazw\u012bn\u012b, A\u1e25mad ibn F\u0101ris ibn Zakariyy\u0101. (1972). Maq\u0101y\u012bs al-lughah (\u02bfA. al-Sal\u0101m H\u0101r\u016bn, Ed.). Egypt: Sharikat Maktabat wa-Ma\u1e6dba\u02bfat Mu\u1e63\u1e6daf\u0101 al-B\u0101b\u012b al-\u1e24alab\u012b wa-Awl\u0101duh."},{"key":"25659","unstructured":"- Al-Qu\u1e0d\u0101h, Kh\u0101lid, et al. (2002). Al-thaq\u0101fah al-Isl\u0101miyyah: Mafh\u016bmuh\u0101, ma\u1e63\u0101diruh\u0101, kha\u1e63\u0101\u02bei\u1e63uh\u0101, maj\u0101l\u0101tuh\u0101 (3rd ed.). Amman: D\u0101r al-Minh\u0101j."},{"key":"25660","unstructured":"- Al-Qaws\u012b, Mufri\u1e25 ibn Sulaym\u0101n. (2014). Al-thaq\u0101fah al-Isl\u0101miyyah: Ta\u02bfr\u012bfuh\u0101, nash\u02beatuh\u0101, kha\u1e63\u0101\u02bei\u1e63uh\u0101. Mecca: R\u0101bi\u1e6dat al-\u02bf\u0100lam al-Isl\u0101m\u012b, 1\u201326."},{"key":"25661","unstructured":"- Al-Zab\u012bd\u012b, Mu\u1e25ammad al-\u1e24usayn\u012b Murta\u1e0d\u0101. (1965\u20132001). T\u0101j al-\u02bfar\u016bs min jaw\u0101hir al-q\u0101m\u016bs (Group of Editors, Eds.). Kuwait: Wiz\u0101rat al-Irsh\u0101d wa-al-Anb\u0101\u02be \/ al-Majlis al-Wa\u1e6dan\u012b lil-Thaq\u0101fah wa-al-Fun\u016bn wa-al-\u0100d\u0101b."},{"key":"25662","unstructured":"- Muslim, Mu\u1e63\u1e6daf\u0101, & Al-Zu\u02bfb\u012b, Fat\u1e25\u012b Mu\u1e25ammad. (2007). Al-thaq\u0101fah al-Isl\u0101miyyah: Ta\u02bfr\u012bfuh\u0101, ma\u1e63\u0101diruh\u0101, maj\u0101l\u0101tuh\u0101, ta\u1e25addiy\u0101tuh\u0101 (1st ed.). Maktabat al-J\u0101mi\u02bfah."},{"key":"25663","unstructured":"- Al-Mi\u1e63r\u012b, Mu\u1e25ammad ibn Mukarram ibn \u02bfAl\u012b Ibn Man\u1e93\u016br. (1993). Lis\u0101n al-\u02bfArab (3rd ed.). Beirut: D\u0101r \u1e62\u0101dir."},{"key":"25664","unstructured":"- Al-Nays\u0101b\u016br\u012b, Mu\u1e25ammad ibn \u02bfAbd All\u0101h al-\u1e24\u0101kim. (2018). Al-mustadrak \u02bfal\u0101 al-\u1e63a\u1e25\u012b\u1e25ayn (\u02bf\u0100dil Murshid et al., Eds.). D\u0101r al-Ris\u0101lah al-\u02bf\u0100lamiyyah."},{"key":"25665","unstructured":"- Wa\u1e6dfah, \u02bfAl\u012b As\u02bfad. (2005). Al-amn al-thaq\u0101f\u012b wa-al-tarbiyah. Kuwait: D\u0101r al-Qalam."},{"key":"25666","unstructured":"- Waghl\u0101nt, F\u0101\u1e6dimah al-Zahr\u0101\u02be. (n.d.). Dawr al-\u1e25\u0101jah f\u012b ta\u1e25q\u012bq maq\u0101\u1e63id al-shar\u012b\u02bfah. Majallat al-I\u1e25y\u0101\u02be, (14), 471\u2013480."},{"key":"25667","unstructured":"- Ya\u02bf\u012bsh, Mu\u1e25ammad. (2014). Dawr maq\u0101\u1e63id al-shar\u012b\u02bfah f\u012b \u1e25if\u1e93 al-ni\u1e93\u0101m al-\u02bf\u0101mm. Majallat al-\u1e62ir\u0101\u1e6d, (28)."}],"container-title":["\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 - \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0629 - \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0645\u0629)"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/quni.edu.ye\/journal\/index.php\/alqalam\/article\/download\/1120\/1114","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T10:14:22Z","timestamp":1784369662000},"score":54.711273,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/quni.edu.ye\/journal\/index.php\/alqalam\/article\/view\/1120"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"55","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.35695\/13-55-1120","ISSN":["2708-4981","2410-5228"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2708-4981","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2410-5228","type":"print"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]}}],"items-per-page":5,"query":{"start-index":0,"search-terms":null}}}