{"status":"ok","message-type":"work-list","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"facets":{},"total-results":111,"items":[{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T14:33:46Z","timestamp":1784903626694,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["IP-UNIST-43"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IP-UNIST-43"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJPB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cynipid gall wasps are known for their ability to manipulate host plant development, redirecting undifferentiated tissues into complex, highly specialised structures. In this study, we investigated how Andricus quercustozae larvae manipulate axillary bud tissues of Quercus virgiliana across four key stages of gall development: initiation, differentiation and growth, maturation, and lignification. Using detailed histological analyses, we characterised progressive tissue differentiation within galls, focusing on the organisation of nutritive, protective, and vascular tissues. Gall development was marked by sustained hyperplasia and hypertrophy, extensive vascular proliferation, and progressive cell wall lignification, resulting in a complex organ optimised for larval nutrition and protection. To complement these anatomical observations, we conducted a preliminary transcriptomic comparison between gall tissue and unmodified leaf tissue. Gene expression analyses revealed suppression of photosynthesis-related functions and coordinated modulation of developmental, regulatory, and metabolic pathways, consistent with a transition from assimilatory leaf tissue to a specialised nutrient sink. Integration of anatomical and transcriptomic evidence supports a model in which cynipid gall wasps intervene at key regulatory nodes of bud development, progressively reprogramming host tissues to form a functionally autonomous gall. These findings provide new insight into the extended phenotype and highlight the plasticity of plant developmental programmes under insect control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijpb17020009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T11:13:01Z","timestamp":1770289981000},"page":"9","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Structural Complexity of Quercus virgiliana Galls Induced by Andricus quercustozae (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1435-5446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanja","family":"Puljas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ru\u0111era Bo\u0161kovi\u0107a 33, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5023-1016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juraj","family":"Kamenjarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ru\u0111era Bo\u0161kovi\u0107a 33, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8807-8184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivica","family":"\u0160amani\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ru\u0111era Bo\u0161kovi\u0107a 33, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"139","article-title":"New species of cynipid gall wasps from Iran and Turkey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini)","volume":"50","author":"Melika","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Zool. Acad. Sci. Hung."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.2307\/1537132","article-title":"Studies on the structure and development of certain Cynipid galls","volume":"56","author":"Kostoff","year":"1929","journal-title":"Biol. Bull."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1155\/1903\/83423","article-title":"Classification of the gall-wasps and the parasitic cynipoids, or the super-family Cynipoidea","volume":"10","author":"Ashmead","year":"1903","journal-title":"Psyche"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Larew, H.G. (1981). A Comparative Anatomical Study of Galls Caused by the Major Cecidogenetic Groups, with Special Emphasis on the Nutritive Tissue. [Ph.D. Thesis, Oregon State University]."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Shorthouse, J.D., and Rohfritsch, O. (1992). Patterns in gall development. Biology of Insect Induced Galls, Oxford University Press."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2656.2000.00443.x","article-title":"Quantitative webs as a means of assessing the impact of alien insects","volume":"69","author":"Crawley","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Anim. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.47.091201.145247","article-title":"The population biology of oak gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)","volume":"47","author":"Stone","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5347(03)00247-7","article-title":"The adaptive significance of insect gall morphology","volume":"18","author":"Stone","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1007\/s00709-015-0759-8","article-title":"Multivesicular bodies differentiate exclusively in nutritive fast-dividing cells in Marcetia taxifolia galls","volume":"252","author":"Ferreira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Protoplasma"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2015.12.009","article-title":"Insect-induced effects on plants and possible effectors used by galling and leaf-mining insects to manipulate their host-plant","volume":"84","author":"Giron","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Insect Physiol."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Shorthouse, J.D., and Rohfritsch, O. (1992). Biology of Insect-Induced Galls, University Press."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3040.2000.00543.x","article-title":"The protein content of tissues in cynipid galls (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae): Similarities between cynipid galls and seeds","volume":"23","author":"Harper","year":"2000","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1086\/317900","article-title":"Developmental potential of galls induced by Diplolepis rosaefolii (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) on the leaves of Rosa virginiana and the influence of Periclistus species on the Diplolepis rosaefolii galls","volume":"162","author":"LeBlanc","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiae001","article-title":"Cynipid wasps systematically reprogram host metabolism and restructure cell walls in developing galls","volume":"195","author":"Markel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hearn, J., Blaxter, M., Sch\u1f42nrogge, K., Nieves Aldrey, J.-L., Pujade-Villar, J., Huguet, E., Drezen, J.-M., Shorthouse, J.D., and Stone, G.N. (2019). Genomic dissection of an extended phenotype: Oak galling by a cynipid gall wasp. PLoS Genet., 15.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1008398"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1002\/ajb2.1798","article-title":"Complex meristematic activity induced by Eucecidoses minutanus on Schinus engleri turns shoots into galls","volume":"109","author":"Ferreira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oliveira, D.C.d., and Isaias, R.M.d.S. (2025). Meristematic Features Influence on Gall Development. Plant Galls, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-80064-1"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meyer-Rochow, V.B. (2022). Can Molecularly Engineered Plant Galls Help to Ease the Problem of World Food Shortage (and Our Dependence on Pollinating Insects)?. Foods, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11244014"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1007\/s12229-019-09207-w","article-title":"Feeding and Other Gall Facets: Patterns and Determinants in Gall Structure","volume":"85","author":"Ferreira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bot. Rev."},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Shorthouse, J.D., and Rohfritsch, O. (1992). Developmental morphology of two types of hymenopterous galls. Biology of Insect-Induced Galls, Oxford University Press."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mani, M.S. (1964). Ecology of Plant Galls, Dr. W. Junk Publishers.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-6230-4"},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Meyer, J. (1987). Plant Galls and Gall Inducers, Gebr\u00fcder Bomtraeger."},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"Shorthouse, J.D., and Rohfritsch, O. (1992). The role of nutritive cells in the nutrition of cynipids and cecidomyiids. Biology of Insect-Induced Galls, Oxford University Press."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1071\/BT07131","article-title":"Species-specific changes in tissue morphogenesis induced by two arthropod leaf gallers in Lontana camara L. (Verbenaceae)","volume":"56","author":"Moura","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aust. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2015.11.012","article-title":"Manipulation of host plant cells and tissues by gall-inducing insects and adaptive strategies used by different feeding guilds","volume":"84","author":"Oliveira","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Insect Physiol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.flora.2014.06.004","article-title":"Floral-like destiny induced by a galling Cecidomyiidae on the axillary buds of Marcetia taxifolia (Melastomataceae)","volume":"209","author":"Ferreira","year":"2014","journal-title":"Flora"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"plv086","DOI":"10.1093\/aobpla\/plv086","article-title":"Gradients of metabolite accumulation and redifferentiation of nutritive cells associated with vascular tissues in galls induced by sucking insects","volume":"7","author":"Carneiro","year":"2015","journal-title":"AoB Plants"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1139\/cjb-2016-0189","article-title":"Revisiting the histological patterns of storage tissues: Beyond the limits of gall-inducing taxa","volume":"95","author":"Ferreira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Botany"},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"247","article-title":"Histologial study of quercus galls of Neuroterus quercusbaccarum (Linnaeus 1758) (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)","volume":"55","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Biol. Szeged."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1603\/0046-225X-29.1.49","article-title":"Patterns of Host Plant Growth and Attack and Establishment of Gall-Inducing Wasp (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)","volume":"29","author":"Pires","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1570-7458.2009.00880.x","article-title":"Support for the microenvironment hypothesis for adaptive value of gall induction in the California gall wasp, Andricus quercuscalifornicus","volume":"132","author":"Miller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Entomol. Exp. Appl."},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"Gilbert, S.F. (2000). Developmental Biology: The Questions of Developmental Biology, Sinauer Associates. [6th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1007\/s10841-015-9810-5","article-title":"Modeling the potential distribution and conservation status of three species of oak gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) in the Iberian range","volume":"19","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Insect Conserv."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3228","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.16159","article-title":"Tissue-specific gene expression shows a cynipid wasp repurposes oak host gene networks to create a complex and novel parasite-specific organ","volume":"31","author":"Martinson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien, T.P., and McCully, M.E. (1981). The Study of Plant Structure: Principles and Selected Methods, Termacarphi PTY. Ltd."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1226","article-title":"Mapping and quantifying mammalian transcriptomes by RNA-Seq","volume":"5","author":"Mortazavi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e123","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp596","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis by strand-specific sequencing of complementary DNA","volume":"37","author":"Parkhomchuk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ENCODE Project Consortium (2004). The ENCODE (ENCyclopedia of DNA Elements) Project. Science, 306, 636\u2013640.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1105136"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1613","article-title":"Computational methods for transcriptome annotation and quantification using RNA-seq","volume":"8","author":"Garber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt656","article-title":"featureCounts: An efficient general-purpose program for assigning sequence reads to genomic features","volume":"30","author":"Liao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","article-title":"Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2","volume":"15","author":"Love","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R106","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2010-11-10-r106","article-title":"Differential Expression Analysis for Sequence Count Data","volume":"11","author":"Anders","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R14","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2010-11-2-r14","article-title":"Gene ontology analysis for RNA-seq: Accounting for selection bias","volume":"11","author":"Young","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0307-6946.2004.00652.x","article-title":"Ant mutualists alter the composition and attack rate of the parasitoid community for the gall wasp Disholcaspis eldoradensis (Cynipidae)","volume":"29","author":"Inouye","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ecol. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiae032","article-title":"It\u2019s gall relative: Metabolic profiling of two morphologically distinct oak leaf galls induced by cynipid wasps","volume":"195","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.17129\/botsci.607","article-title":"Developmental morphology of bud galls induced on the vegetative meristems of Quercus castanea by Amphibolips michoacaensis (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)","volume":"93","author":"Oyama","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bot. Sci."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1080\/00378941.1966.10835558","article-title":"La galle de Biorhiza pallida Ol. Etude pr\u00e9liminaire du bourgeon de Quercus pedunculata Ehrh. au moment de l\u2019attaque du parasite","volume":"113","author":"Rey","year":"1966","journal-title":"Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr."},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"2891","article-title":"La galle de Biorhiza pallida Bosc. Sur la racine de Quercus pedunculata Ehrh.: Observation de la ponte et de les premi\u00e8res r\u00e9actions de l\u2019h\u00f4te","volume":"264","author":"Rey","year":"1967","journal-title":"Comptes Rendus l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie Sci."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jankiewicz, L.S., Guzicka, M., and Marasek-Cio\u0142akowska, A. (2025). Structure and Ultrastructure of Three Oak Leaf Galls: Cynips quercusfolii L., Neuroterus numismalis Geoffroy and Cynips longiventris Hartig. Insects, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/insects16020173"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1080\/17429145.2016.1269214","article-title":"Structural modification of Quercus petraea leaf caused by Cynips quercusfolii\u2014Histological study of gall","volume":"12","author":"Guzicka","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Plant Interact."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.1953.tb07512.x","article-title":"Studies on the common spangle gall of oak: II. A general consideration of past work on gall induction","volume":"52","author":"Hough","year":"1953","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jankiewicz, L.S., Guzicka, M., and Marasek-Cio\u0142akowska, A. (2021). Anatomy and ultrastructure of galls induced by Neuroterus quercusbaccarum (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) on oak leaves (Quercus robur). Insects, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/insects12100850"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1080\/17429145.2011.630847","article-title":"Gall induction by hemipteroid insects","volume":"7","author":"Raman","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Plant Interact."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00879297","article-title":"Spawning and egg development of Perca fluviatilis in Lake Z\u00fcrich","volume":"51","author":"Zeh","year":"1989","journal-title":"Aquat. Sci."},{"key":"ref_55","first-page":"1","article-title":"Revision of the European species of Torymus Dalman (Hymenoptera: Torymidae)","volume":"317","author":"Gijswijt","year":"1998","journal-title":"Zool. Verh."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.baae.2005.07.002","article-title":"Adaptive radiation of gall-inducing insects","volume":"6","author":"Price","year":"2005","journal-title":"Basic Appl. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.baae.2005.07.006","article-title":"Has egg location influenced the radiation of Diplolepis (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) gall wasps on wild roses?","volume":"6","author":"Shorthouse","year":"2005","journal-title":"Basic Appl. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/S1467-8039(03)00045-8","article-title":"Flexible ovipositor sheaths in parasitoid Hymenoptera (Insecta)","volume":"32","author":"Vilhelmsen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arthr. Struct. Dev."},{"key":"ref_59","unstructured":"Snodgrass, R.E. (1935). Principles of Insect Morphology, McGraw-Hill."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3113.1988.tb00225.x","article-title":"A comparative study of the structures of phylogenetic importance of female genitalia of the Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)","volume":"13","author":"Fergusson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Syst. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asd.2006.05.002","article-title":"Venom gland and reservoir morphology in cynipoid wasps","volume":"35","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthropod Struct. Dev."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1673\/031.012.9901","article-title":"Morphology and ultrastructure of the accessory glands in the female genital tract of the house cricket, Acheta domesticus","volume":"12","author":"Sturm","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Insect Sci."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7322(94)90007-8","article-title":"Anatomy and mechanics of the telescopic ovipositor system of Scelio latreille (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) and related genera","volume":"23","author":"Field","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int. J. Insect Morphol. Embryol."},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"197","article-title":"Ovipositor structure and function in the parasitic Hymenoptera with an exploration of new hypotheses","volume":"47","author":"Quicke","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rendiconti"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10242","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms140510242","article-title":"Plant Defense against Insect Herbivores","volume":"14","author":"Zagrobelny","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schultz, J.C., Appel, H.M., Ferrieri, A.P., and Arnold, T.M. (2013). Flexible resource allocation during plant defense responses. Front. Plant Sci., 4.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2013.00324"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mostafa, S., Wang, Y., Zeng, W., and Jin, B. (2022). Plant Responses to Herbivory, Wounding, and Infection. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23137031"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-38475-6","article-title":"A galling insect activates plant reproductive programs during gall development","volume":"9","author":"Schultz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2014.10.010","article-title":"(Pro)cambium formation and proliferation: Two sides of the same coin?","volume":"23","author":"Jouannet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/s00468-015-1293-1","article-title":"Buds buried in bark: The reason why Quercus suber (cork oak) is an excellent post-fire epicormic resprouter","volume":"30","author":"Burrows","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trees"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.3732\/ajb.1600111","article-title":"Insect-induced plant phenotypes: Revealing mechanisms, through comparative genomics of galling insects and their hosts","volume":"103","author":"Nabity","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Farf\u00e1n, J., and Valverde, P.L. (2020). Ecological genomics of plant-insect interactions: The case of wasp-induced galls. Evolutionary Ecology of Plant-Herbivore Interaction, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-46012-9"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3031","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.16482","article-title":"A tale of two tissues: Probing gene expression in a complex insect-induced gall","volume":"31","author":"Schultz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Takeda, S., Yoza, M., Amano, T., Ohshima, I., Hirano, T., Sato, M.H., Sakamoto, T., and Kimura, S. (2019). Comparative transcriptome analysis of galls from four different host plants suggests the molecular mechanism of gall development. PLoS ONE, 14.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0223686"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oates, C.N., Denby, K.J., Myburg, A.A., Slippers, B., and Naidoo, S. (2016). Insect Gallers and Their Plant Hosts: From Omics Data to Systems Biology. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17111891"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Plant Biology"],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2037-0164\/17\/2\/9\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T05:11:36Z","timestamp":1770441096000},"score":28.92718,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2037-0164\/17\/2\/9"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["ijpb17020009"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijpb17020009","ISSN":["2037-0164"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2037-0164","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:22:35Z","timestamp":1785410555547,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015391","name":"University of Split","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IP-UNIST-43"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IP-UNIST-43"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015391","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["IP-UNIST-43"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IP-UNIST-43"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00m31ft63","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Insects"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The transition from simple herbivory to specialised gall induction in Cynipidae marks an evolutionary peak in insect\u2013plant interactions. This structural and ultrastructural study suggests that the gall wasp larva has evolved from a passive consumer into a biological architect, utilising a highly specialised body plan. The structure of the large midgut, the midgut epithelium reinforced by septate junctions, and the cuboidal cells of the hindgut allow for the possibility that the larva of Andricus quercustozae may control itself independently from its host, working as an active producer rather than just recycling materials. The foregut constitutes approximately 10% of the alimentary canal length, while the large blind midgut occupies 80%. The remaining 10% consists of a specialised hindgut tube, which is anteriorly closed and contains a reinforced, cuticularised external anal pore. This posterior structure, together with a dense aggregation of urocytes and oenocytes in the anal region, presumed systemic homeostasis and the symmetrical distribution of hormonal signals. These anatomical hallmarks provide a structural baseline to hypothesize that biosynthesis may represent a key mechanism for phytohormone acquisition, while suggesting that this closed-circuit anatomy could potentially be a contributing factor influencing the spherical morphogenesis of the gall.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/insects17070752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T01:01:28Z","timestamp":1784768488000},"page":"752","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Integration of Morphology, Histology, and Ultrastructure of the Gall-Inducing Andricus quercustozae (Cynipidae) Larval Alimentary Canal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1435-5446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanja","family":"Puljas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ru\u0111era Bo\u0161kovi\u0107a 33, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3868-0828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivana","family":"Bo\u010dina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ru\u0111era Bo\u0161kovi\u0107a 33, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7167-5230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nives","family":"Kevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ru\u0111era Bo\u0161kovi\u0107a 33, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8807-8184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivica","family":"\u0160amani\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ru\u0111era Bo\u0161kovi\u0107a 33, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5023-1016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juraj","family":"Kamenjarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ru\u0111era Bo\u0161kovi\u0107a 33, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4000-6454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petar","family":"\u0106urlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ru\u0111era Bo\u0161kovi\u0107a 33, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nation, J.L. (2008). Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, CRC Press. [2nd ed.].","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420061789"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chapman, R.F., Simpson, S.J., and Douglas, A.E. (2013). The Insects: Structure and Function, Cambridge University Press. [5th ed.].","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139035460"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.33338\/ef.59456","article-title":"Alimentary canal of fifth instar larvae of Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Lymatriinae)","volume":"27","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Entomol. Fenn."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-019-03076-w","article-title":"The amazing complexity of insect midgut cells: Types, peculiarities, and functions","volume":"377","author":"Caccia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J., Li, C., Wang, M., Wang, L., Liu, X., Gao, C., Ren, L., and Luo, Y. (2021). Gut Structure and Microbial Communities in Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) and Their Predicted Contribution to Larval Nutrition. Front. Microbiol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.641141"},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Nikelshparg, E.I., Bratashov, D.N., Nikelshparg, M.I., and Anikin, V.V. (2021, January 1\u201315). Probing Carotenoids in the Gall Wasp Aulacidea hieracii in Vivo. Proceedings of the 1st International Electronic Conference on Entomology, Basel, Switzerland."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910286","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/910286","article-title":"Histology of the Larval Neodiprion abietis (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) digestive tract","volume":"2011","author":"Lucarotti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psyche A J. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.00237","article-title":"Modulation of foregut synaptic activity controls resorption of molting fluid during larval molts of the moth Manduca sexta","volume":"206","author":"Bestman","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2006.07.001","article-title":"Stable free radicals in insect cuticles: Electron spin resonance spectroscopy reveals differences between melanization and sclerotization","volume":"453","author":"Kayser","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rowland, I., and Goodman, W.G. (2016). Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Alimentary Tract Development in Manduca sexta. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0157124"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3032.1986.tb00434.x","article-title":"Filtering mechanism of the honey bee proventriculus","volume":"11","author":"Peng","year":"1986","journal-title":"Physiol. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2015.11.012","article-title":"Manipulation of host plant cells and tissues by gall-inducing insects and adaptive strategies used by different feeding guilds","volume":"84","author":"Oliveira","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Insect Physiol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asd.2003.12.002","article-title":"Occurrence of midgut perimicrovillar membranes in paraneopteran insect orders with comments on their function and evolutionary significance","volume":"33","author":"Silva","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthropod Struct. Dev."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"Chapman, R.F. (1998). Alimentary canal, digestion and absorption. The Insects: Structure and Function, Cambridge University Press. [4th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S1467-8039(01)00017-2","article-title":"Larval anatomy and structure of absorbing epithelia in the aphid parasitoid Aphidius ervi Haliday (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)","volume":"30","author":"Grimaldi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arthropod Struct. Dev."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1590\/S0001-37652011005000045","article-title":"Development and functional morphology of the larval foregut of two brachyuran species from northern Brazil","volume":"83","author":"Abrunhosa","year":"2011","journal-title":"An. Acad. Bras. Ci\u00eanc."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferrarini, M.G., Vallier, A., Dell\u2019Aglio, E., Balmand, S., Vincent-Mon\u00e9gat, C., Debbache, M., Maire, J., Parisot, N., Zaidman-R\u00e9my, A., and Heddi, A. (2023). Endosymbiont-containing germarium transcriptional survey in a cereal weevil depicts downregulation of immune effectors at the onset of sexual maturity. Front. Physiol., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1142513"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3040.2000.00543.x","article-title":"The protein content of tissues in cynipid galls (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae): Similarities between cynipid galls and seeds","volume":"23","author":"Schonrogge","year":"2000","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.47.091201.145247","article-title":"The population biology of oak gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)","volume":"47","author":"Stone","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5347(03)00247-7","article-title":"The adaptive significance of insect gall morphology","volume":"18","author":"Stone","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1590\/S1519-69842011000100010","article-title":"Plant Vigor Hypothesis refuted: Preference-performance linkage of a gall-inducing weevil on small-sized host plant resources","volume":"71","author":"Santos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Braz. J. Biol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1007\/s10886-014-0457-6","article-title":"Phytohormone dynamics associated with gall insects, their potential role in the evolution of the gall-inducing habit","volume":"40","author":"Tooker","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Chem. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asd.2020.100931","article-title":"Evolutionary trends of digestion and absorption in the major insect orders","volume":"56","author":"Terra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthropod Struct. Dev."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Desnitskiy, A.G., Chetverikov, P.E., Ivanova, L.A., Kuzmin, I.V., Ozman-Sullivan, S.K., and Sukhareva, S.I. (2023). Molecular aspects of gall formation induced by mites and insects. Life, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/life13061347"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Xue, C., Wu, S., Zhang, Y., Li, R., Li, Y., and Yi, X. (2025). Transcriptome and phytohormone analysis reveal mechanism of gall formation by Trichagalma acutissimae larvae on oak leaves. Front. Plant Sci., 16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2025.1646230"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-6409.2005.00175.x","article-title":"Comparative morphology of terminal-instar larvae of Cynipoidea: Phylogenetic implications","volume":"34","author":"Ronquist","year":"2005","journal-title":"Zool. Scr."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.baae.2005.07.001","article-title":"Gall-inducing insects\u2014Nature\u2019s most sophisticated herbivores","volume":"6","author":"Shorthouse","year":"2005","journal-title":"Basic Appl. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1071\/BT07131","article-title":"Species-specific changes in tissue morphogenesis induced by two arthropod leafgallers in Lontana camara L. (Verbenaceae)","volume":"56","author":"Moura","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aust. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.130406","article-title":"Phytohormones in Japanese mugwort gall induction by a gall-inducing gall midge","volume":"77","author":"Tanaka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.flora.2014.06.004","article-title":"Floral-like destiny induced by a galling Cecidomyiidae on the axillary buds of Marcetia taxifolia (Melastomataceae)","volume":"209","author":"Ferreira","year":"2014","journal-title":"Flora"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Polidori, C., and Nieves-Aldrey, J.L. (2014). Diverse Filters to Sense: Great Variability of Antennal Morphology and Sensillar Equipment in Gall-Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0101843"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"plv086","DOI":"10.1093\/aobpla\/plv086","article-title":"Gradients of metabolite accumulation and redifferentiation of nutritive cells associated with vascular tissues in galls induced by sucking insects","volume":"7","author":"Carneiro","year":"2015","journal-title":"AoB Plants"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ronquist, F., Nieves-Aldrey, J.L., Buffington, M.L., Liu, Z., Liljeblad, J., and Nylander, J.A. (2015). Phylogeny, evolution and classification of gall wasps: The plot thickens. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0123301"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1007\/s10886-014-0466-5","article-title":"Cytokinin-induced phenotypes in plant-insect interactions: Learning from the bacterial world","volume":"40","author":"Giron","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Chem. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1007\/s12229-019-09207-w","article-title":"Feeding and other gall facets: Patterns and determinants in gall structure","volume":"85","author":"Ferreira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bot. Rev."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1007\/s10886-019-01079-z","article-title":"Phytohormones in fall armyworm saliva modulate defense responses in plants","volume":"45","author":"Acevedo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Chem. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/isd\/ixaa003","article-title":"World Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera): A key to higher-level groups","volume":"4","author":"Buffington","year":"2020","journal-title":"Insect Syst. Divers."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jia, M., Li, Q., Hua, J., Liu, J., Zhou, W., Qu, B., and Luo, S. (2020). Phytohormones regulate both \u201cfish scale\u201d galls and cones on Picea koraiensis. Front. Plant Sci., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.580155"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1007\/s11829-021-09817-5","article-title":"The localization of phytohormones within the gall inducing insect Eurosta solidaginis (Diptera: Tephritidae)","volume":"15","author":"Ponce","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthropod-Plant Interact."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1111\/afe.12525","article-title":"Phytohormones in galls on eucalypt trees and in the gall-forming wasp Leptocybe invasa (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Agric. For. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Puljas, S., Kamenjarin, J., and \u0160amani\u0107, I. (2026). Structural Complexity of Quercus virgiliana Galls Induced by Andricus quercustozae (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Int. J. Plant Biol., 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijpb17020009"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-8137.2001.00158.x","article-title":"Cytokinins in the ball gall of Solidago altissima and in the gall forming larvae of Eurosta solidaginis","volume":"151","author":"Mapes","year":"2001","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1080\/17429145.2010.484552","article-title":"Gall-inducing Pachypsylla celtidis (Psyllidae) infiltrate hackberry trees with high concentrations of phytohormones","volume":"5","author":"Straka","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Plant Interact."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2012.04264.x","article-title":"Phytohormones and willow gall induction by a gall-inducing sawfly","volume":"196","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2012","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tokuda, M., Jikumaru, Y., Matsukura, K., Takebayashi, Y., Kumashiro, S., Matsumura, M., and Kamiya, Y. (2013). Phytohormones Related to Host Plant Manipulation by a Gall-Inducing Leafhopper. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0062350"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2014.11.006","article-title":"Adaptive significance of gall formation for a gall-inducing aphids on Japanese elm trees","volume":"72","author":"Takei","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Insect Physiol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andreas, P., Kisiala, A., Emery, R.N., De Clerck-Floate, R., Tooker, J.F., Price, P.W., Miller, D.G., Chen, M.-S., and Connor, E.F. (2020). Cytokinins Are Abundant and Widespread among Insect Species. Plants, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants9020208"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4750","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-08558-6","article-title":"Terrestrial arthropods broadly possess endogenous phytohormones auxin and cytokinins","volume":"12","author":"Tokuda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiae001","article-title":"Cynipid wasps systematically reprogram host metabolism and restructure cell walls in developing galls","volume":"195","author":"Markel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpb.2024.111045","article-title":"Protein digestion and amino acid absorption mechanisms along the midgut of Musca domestica larvae","volume":"275","author":"Barroso","year":"2025","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part B Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.45.1.111","article-title":"Amino acid transport in insects","volume":"45","author":"Wolfersberger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asd.2006.05.002","article-title":"Venom gland and reservoir morphology in cynipoid wasps","volume":"35","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthropod Struct. Dev."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1086\/317900","article-title":"Developmental potential of galls induced by Diplolepis rosaefolii (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) on the leaves of Rosa virginiana and the influence of Periclistus species on the Diplolepis rosaefolii galls","volume":"162","author":"LeBlanc","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.17129\/botsci.607","article-title":"Developmental morphology of bud galls induced on the vegetative meristems of Quercus castanea by Amphibolips michoacaensis (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)","volume":"93","author":"Oyama","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bot. Sci."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1080\/17429145.2016.1269214","article-title":"Structural modification of Quercus petraea leaf caused by Cynips quercusfolii\u2014Histological study of gall","volume":"12","author":"Guzicka","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Plant Interact."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1111\/plb.13009","article-title":"Enzyme-mediated metabolism in nutritive tissues of galls induced by Ditylenchus gallaeformans (Nematoda: Anguinidae)","volume":"21","author":"Ferreira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jankiewicz, L.S., Guzicka, M., and Marasek-Cio\u0142akowska, A. (2021). Anatomy and ultrastructure of galls induced by Neuroterus quercusbaccarum (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) on oak leaves (Quercus robur). Insects, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/insects12100850"},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"339","article-title":"Exogenous phytohormones and the induction of plant galls by insects","volume":"8","author":"Bartlett","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthropod-Plant Interact."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Takeda, S., Hirano, T., Ohshima, I., and Sato, M.H. (2021). Recent progress regarding the molecular aspects of insect gall formation. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22179424"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI-11-18-0301-R","article-title":"Heritable phytohormone profiles of poplar genotypes vary in resistance to a galling aphid","volume":"32","author":"Body","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.53808\/KUS.SI.2023.ICES.A75-ls","article-title":"Insect-induced foliar galls: A cross-talk among phytohormones for tissue growth and endogenous defense","volume":"8","author":"Roy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Khulna Univ. Stud."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16663","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1220219110","article-title":"Leaf-galling phylloxera on grapes reprograms host metabolism and morphology","volume":"110","author":"Nabity","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hearn, J., Blaxter, M., Sch\u00f6nrogge, K., Nieves-Aldrey, J.-L., and Stone, G.N. (2019). Genomic dissection of an extended phenotype: Oak galling by a cynipid gall wasp. PLoS Genet., 15.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1008398"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-38475-6","article-title":"A galling insect activates plant reproductive programs during gall development","volume":"9","author":"Schultz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Takeda, S., Yoza, M., Amano, T., Ohshima, I., Hirano, T., Sato, M.H., Sakamoto, T., and Kimura, S. (2019). Comparative transcriptome analysis of galls from four different host plants suggests the molecular mechanism of gall development. PLoS ONE, 14.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0223686"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nunez-Farfan, J., and Valverde, P.L. (2020). Ecological genomics of plant-insect interactions: The case of wasp-induced galls. Evolutionary Ecology of Plant-Herbivore Interaction, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-46012-9"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3228","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.16159","article-title":"Tissue-specific gene expression shows a cynipid wasp repurposes oak host gene networks to create a complex and novel parasite-specific organ","volume":"31","author":"Martinson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_68","first-page":"573","article-title":"Biology, ecology, and evolution of gall-inducing Cynipidae","volume":"Volume 2","author":"Raman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biology, Ecology and Evolution of Gall-Inducing Arthropods"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oates, C.N., Denby, K.J., Myburg, A.A., Slippers, B., and Naidoo, S. (2016). Insect gallers and their plant hosts: From omics data to systems biology. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17111891"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1364","article-title":"Signals that control plant vascular cell differentiation","volume":"5","author":"Fukuda","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-ento-020425-073850","article-title":"Insect Production and Secretion of Phytohormones and Impacts on Host Plants","volume":"71","author":"Connor","year":"2026","journal-title":"Annu Rev. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_72","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien, T.P., and McCully, M.E. (1981). The Study of Plant Structure: Principles and Selected Methods, Termacarphi PTY. Ltd."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3040.2004.01145.x","article-title":"Cynipid galls: Insect-induced modifications of plant development create novel plant organs","volume":"27","author":"Harper","year":"2004","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1910(90)90102-L","article-title":"Detection of pectinesterase and polygalacturonase from salivary secretions of living green bugs, Schizaphis graminum (Homoptera: Aphididae)","volume":"36","author":"Ma","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Insect Physiol."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1910(00)00037-8","article-title":"Salivary proteins of aphids, a pilot study on identification, separation and immunolocalization","volume":"46","author":"Cherqui","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Insect Physiol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1021\/pr501128k","article-title":"Potato aphid salivary proteome: Enhanced salivation using resorcinol and identification of aphid phosphoproteins","volume":"14","author":"Chaudhary","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Proteome Res."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2016.04.002","article-title":"Identification of the secreted watery saliva proteins of the rice brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (St\u00e5l) by transcriptome and shotgun LC-MS\/MS approach","volume":"89","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Insect Physiol."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lehane, M.J., and Billingsley, P.F. (1996). Biology of the Insect Midgut, Springer Nature Link.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-009-1519-0"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.12600","article-title":"Transcytosis of Junonia coenia densovirus VP4 across the gut epithelium of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)","volume":"27","author":"Kemmerer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Insect Sci."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, K., Li, S., Wang, J., Ni, Y., Huang, W., Liu, Q., and Ling, E. (2020). Peptide Hormones in the Insect Midgut. Front. Physiol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00191"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpb.2017.06.003","article-title":"Receptor mediated endocytosis of vicilin in Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) larval midgut epithelial cells","volume":"210","author":"Kunz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part B Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_82","first-page":"17","article-title":"Characterizing basal apocritans (Hymenoptera: Apocrita)","volume":"75","author":"Wharton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Horae Soc. Entomol. Ross."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.200.14.1941","article-title":"The Aminergic and Peptidergic Innervation of Insect Salivary Glands","volume":"200","author":"Ali","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-ento-011613-162056","article-title":"The Development and Functions of Oenocytes","volume":"59","author":"Makki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annu Rev. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micron.2009.12.007","article-title":"Morpho-physiological analysis of the insect fat body: A review","volume":"41","author":"Roma","year":"2010","journal-title":"Micron"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2806(08)60103-4","article-title":"Mechanisms and Control of Reabsorption in Insect Hindgut","volume":"19","author":"Anstee","year":"1987","journal-title":"Adv. Insect Physiol."}],"container-title":["Insects"],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4450\/17\/7\/752\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T04:26:36Z","timestamp":1784867196000},"score":25.52233,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4450\/17\/7\/752"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["insects17070752"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/insects17070752","ISSN":["2075-4450"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4450","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:58:34Z","timestamp":1787068714696,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">\ufeff\ufeffAndricus quercustozae (Bosc, 1792) is a cynipid gall wasp, which induces gall on oaks (Quercus spp.). It is known that both cynipid galls and oaks are used in traditional medicine. In this study, some biological characteristics of various extracts (acetone and ethanol) of A. quercustozae asexual gall and its host plant, Quercus infectoria Olivier, were investigated. The antioxidant capacities of the extracts were evaluated using radical scavenging activity (ABTS and DPPH assays), the \u03b2-carotene-linoleic acid method, the phosphomolybdenum method, and the reducing power (CUPRAC method). Total phenolics, flavonoid and tannin contents were measured in the gall and the oak leaf extracts. Moreover, ethanol extracts of the gall and the host plant were evaluated using HPLC for the composition of phenolics. Generally, the gall extracts (acetone and ethanol, respectively) exhibited the strongest radical scavenging (DPPH, IC50 value of acetone extract: 11.00 \u03bcg\/mL and IC50 value of ethanol extract: 8.67 \u03bcg\/mL; ABTS, 52.27 \u03bcg\/mL and 44.97 \u03bcg\/mL) and antioxidant activities with the highest level of phenolics. The antioxidant activity of the gall extracts was in the range of 80.74 to 87.49 % for \u03b2-carotene-linoleic acid method, while and it was ranged from 75.68 to 78.20 mgAEs\/g for phosphomolybdenum method. In the results of some antioxidant methods (ABTS and \u03b2-carotene-linoleic acid), it is observed that the host plant extract has values close or high to the gall extract. In this context, our results suggested that the cynipid gall extracts could be used as a natural agent in food, medicinal and pharmaceutical applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.21448\/ijsm.674930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,8]],"date-time":"2020-04-08T15:11:31Z","timestamp":1586358691000},"page":"77-87","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Investigation of the Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compounds of Andricus quercustozae Gall and Host Plant (Quercus infectoria)"],"prefix":"10.21448","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9621-9909","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Musa","family":"AZMAZ","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PAMUKKALE UNIVERSITY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4944-1029","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"\u00d6zge","family":"KILIN\u00c7ARSLAN AKSOY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pamukkale University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0880-1489","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yusuf","family":"KATILMI\u015e","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PAMUKKALE UNIVERSITY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2218-5336","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ramazan","family":"MAMMADOV","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mu\u011fla S\u0131tk\u0131 Ko\u00e7man University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"8878","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dar, M.S., Ikram, M., Fakouhi, T. (1976). Pharmacology of Quercus infectoria. J. Pharm. Sci., 65, 1791-1794. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jps.2600651224","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600651224"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jamzad, Z., Panahi, P., Mohammad, R.P., Fallha, A.M. (2012). Foliar epidermal morphology in Quercus (subgenus Quercus, section Quercus) in Iran. Acta Bot. Croat., 71, 95-113. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/v10184-010-0029-y","DOI":"10.2478\/v10184-010-0029-y"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ronquist, F., Nieves-Aldrey, J.L., Buffington, M.L., Liu, Zh., Liljeblad, J., Nylander, J.A.A. (2015). Phylogeny, Evolution and Classification of Gall Wasps: The Plot Thickens. PLoS ONE, 10, 1-40. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0123301","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0123301"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Azmaz, M., Kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Y. (2017). Updated species list of Cynipidae (Hymenoptera) from Turkey. Zootaxa, 4303, 361\u2013378. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.4303.3.3","DOI":"10.11646\/zootaxa.4303.3.3"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Azmaz, M., Kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Y. (2020). A new species of herb gall wasp (Cynipidae, Aulacideini, Aulacidea) from Turkey. Zootaxa, 4747, 378 390. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.4747.2.9","DOI":"10.11646\/zootaxa.4747.2.9"},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"Bayrak, S., Avc\u0131, M. (2019). Gall forming Cynipini (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) species in Isparta oak forests. Munis Entomology & Zoology, 14, 552-564."},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"Imtiyaz, S., Ali, S.J., Tariq, M., Chaudhary, S.S., Aslam, M. (2013). Oak Galls: The Medicinal Balls. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Scientific Innovation, 2, 18-21."},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"Oefele, F. (1933). Vorgeschichte zur Cecidologie der klassischen Schriftsteller. (Ed.), K. B\u00f6hner. Geschichte der Cecidologie. Teil 1, Arthur Nemayer, Mittenwald [in German]."},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"Schimitschek, E. (1953). Forestry insects of Turkey and its surrounding. (Ed.) A. Acatay. \u0130stanbul University Publications, \u0130stanbul, 471 pp. [in Turkish]."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iminjan, M., Amat, N., Li, X.H., Upur, H., Ahmat, D., He, B. (2014). Investigation into the Toxicity of traditional Uyghur medicine Quercus infectoria galls water extract. PLoS One, 9, e90756. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0090756","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090756"},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Wang, J.Y., Zhang, Q.H., Deng, X.M., Wang, D.C., Han, W.Y. (2007). Progress on pharmacological activities of Quercus infectoria galls. Shizhen Guoyi Guoyao, 18, 2570-2572."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dar, M.S., Ikram, M. (1979). Studies on Quercus infectoria; isolation of syringic acid and determination of its central depressive activity. Planta Med, 35, 156-161. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0028-1097197","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1097197"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Everest, A., \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, E. (2005). Focusing on ethnobotanical uses of plants in Mersin and Adana provinces (Turkey). J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed., 1, 1 6. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1746-4269-1-6","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-1-6"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamid, H., Kaur, G., Abdullah, S.T., Ali, M., Athar, M., Alam, M.S. (2005). Two new compounds from the galls of Quercus infectoria with nitric oxide and superoxide inhibiting ability. Pharm. Biol., 43, 317 323. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13880200590951711","DOI":"10.1080\/13880200590951711"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hapidin, H., Abdullah, H., Soelaiman, I.N. (2012). The potential role of Quercus infectoria gall extract on osteoblast function and bone metabolism. Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 2, 82 88. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4236\/ojemd.2012.24013","DOI":"10.4236\/ojemd.2012.24013"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yamunarani, K., Jaganathan, R., Bhaskaran, P., Govindaraju, R., Velazhahan, R. (2005). In vitro Antifungal Activity of a 29-kDa Glycoprotein Purified from the Galls of Quercus infetoria. Acta Phytopath. Entomol. Hungarica, 40, 43 54. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/APhyt.40.2005.1-2.6","DOI":"10.1556\/APhyt.40.2005.1-2.6"},{"key":"ref17","unstructured":"Asif, M., Ansari, S.H., Rafiul Haque, Md., Kalam, N. (2012). Estimation of total phenolic, flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity in the nut galls of Quercus infectoria Olivier. Journal of Pharmacy Research, 5, 3855-3857."},{"key":"ref18","unstructured":"Fathabad, A.E., Shariatifar, N., Mardani, K., Mohammadpourfard, I. (2015). Study on antibacterial and antioxidant activity of Oak gall (Quercus infectoria) extracts from Iran. International Journal of Current Science, 14, 44-50."},{"key":"ref19","unstructured":"Hasmida, M.N., Liza, M.S., Nur Syukriah, A.R., Harisun, Y., Mohd Azizi, C.Y., Fadzilah Adibah, A.M. (2015). Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Quercus infectoria Galls Using Supercritical CO2 Extraction Technique and Its Comparison with Soxhlet Extraction. Pertanika J. Sci. Technol., 23, 287-295."},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"Hasmida, M.N., Nur Syukriah, A.R., Liza, M.S., Mohd Azizi, C.Y. (2014). Effect of different extraction techniques on total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Quercus infectoria galls. Int. Food Res. J., 21, 1075-1079."},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"Noori, M., Talebi, M., Ahmadi, T. (2015). Comparative Studies of Leaf, Gall and Bark Flavonoids in Collected Quercus brantii Lindl. (Fagaceae) from Lorestan Province, Iran. Int. J. Plant Res., 5, 42-49."},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Nur Syukriah, A.R., Liza, M.S., Harisun, Y., Fadzillah, A.A.M. (2014). Effect of solvent extraction on antioxidant and antibacterial activities from Quercus infectoria (Manjakani). International Food Research Journal, 21, 1067-1073."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"Rina, R., Rafiquzzaman, M., Hasmah, A. (2011). Spectrophotometric Determination of Total Phenol and Flavanoid Content in Manjakani (Quercus infectoria) Extracts. Health and the Environment Journal, 2, 9-13."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Basri, D.F., Tan, L.S., Shafiei, Z., Zin, N.M. (2012). In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Galls of Quercus infectoria Oliver against Oral Pathogens. Evid-Based Compl. Alt., 632796. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/632796","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/632796"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cornell, H.V. (1983). The secondary chemistry and complex morphology of galls formed by the Cynipidae (Hymenoptera): why and how? The American Midland Naturalist, 110, 225-234. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2425263","DOI":"10.2307\/2425263"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Digrak, M., Alma, M.H., Ilcim, A., Sen, S. (1999). Antibacterial and antifungal effects of various commercial plant extracts. Pharm Biol, 37, 216 220. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1076\/phbi.37.3.216.6307","DOI":"10.1076\/phbi.37.3.216.6307"},{"key":"ref27","unstructured":"Fatima, S., Farooqi, A.H.A., Kumar, R., Kumar, T.R.S., Khanuja, S.P.S. (2001). Antibacterial activity possessed by medicinal plants used in tooth powders. Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences, 22, 187-189."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ikram, M., Nowshad, F. (1977). Constituents of Quercus infectoria. Planta Med, 31, 86\u201387. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0028-1097531","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1097531"},{"key":"ref29","unstructured":"Charles, D.F.P. (1879). Materia medica and therapeutics-vegetable kingdoms. New York: William Wood and Company."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vermani, A., Navneet., Prabhat. (2009). Screening of Quercus infectoria gall extracts as anti-bacterial agents against dental pathogens. Indian J. Dent. Res., 20, 337. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0970-9290.57380","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.57380"},{"key":"ref31","unstructured":"Wiart, C., Kumar, A. (2001). Practical handbook of pharmacognosy. Malaysia: Pearson Education Malaysia SdnBhd."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allison, S.D., Schultz, J.C. (2005). Biochemical Responses of Chestnut Oak to A Galling Cynipid. J. Chem. Ecol., 31, 1. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10886-005-0981-5","DOI":"10.1007\/s10886-005-0981-5"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Howes, F.N. (1953). Vegetable tanning materials. Butterworth, London.","DOI":"10.2307\/4117375"},{"key":"ref34","unstructured":"Larew, H.G. (1982). A comparative anatomical study of galls caused by the major cecidogenetic groups with special emphasis on the nutritive tissue. PhD Dissertation, Oregon State University."},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taper, M.L., Case, T.J. (1987). Interactions between oak tannins and parasite community structure: Unexpected benefits of tannins to cynipid gall-wasps. Oecologia, 71, 254\u2013261. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00377292","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00377292"},{"key":"ref36","unstructured":"Mammadov, R., Ili, P., Ertem Vaizo\u011fullar, H., Afacan Makasc\u0131, A. (2011). Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Gagea fibrosa and Romulea ramiflora. Iran J. Chem. Chem. Eng., 30, 57-62."},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Slinkard, K., Singleton, V.L. (1977). Total phenol analyses: Automation and comparison with manual methods. Am. J. Enol. Viticult., 28, 49-55.","DOI":"10.5344\/ajev.1974.28.1.49"},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"Arvouet-Grand, A., Vennat, B., Pourrat, A., Legret, P. (1994). Standardization of a propolis extract and identification of the main constituents. J. Pharm. Belg., 49, 462-468."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bekir, J., Mars, M., Souchard, J.P., Bouajila, J. (2013). Assessment of antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anti-cholinesterase and cytotoxic activities of pomegranate (Punica granatum) leaves. Food Chem. Toxicol., 55, 470 475. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fct.2013.01.036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2013.01.036"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, C., Chen, F., Wang, X., Kim, H.J., He, G., Haley-Zitlin, V., Huang, G. (2006). Antioxidant constituents in feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium) extract and their chromatographic quantification. Food Chem, 96, 220 227. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodchem.2005.02.024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2005.02.024"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Re, R., Pellegrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M., Rice-Evans, C. (1999). Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Bio Med, 26, 1231 1237. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S08915849(98)00315-3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(98)00315-3"},{"key":"ref42","unstructured":"Amin, I., Tan, S.H. (2002). Antioxidant activity of selected commercial seaweeds. Mal J Nutr, 8, 167-177."},{"key":"ref43","unstructured":"Berk, S., Tepe, B., Arslan, S., Sarikurkcu, C. (2011). Screening of the antioxidant, antimicrobial and DNA damage protection potentials of the aqueous extract of Asplenium ceterach D.C. Afr J Biotechnol, 10, 8902-8908."},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Apak, R., G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, K., \u00d6zy\u00fcrek, M., Karademir, S.E., Erca\u011f, E. (2006). The cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity and polyphenolic content of some herbal teas. Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr., 57, 292-304. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09637480600798132","DOI":"10.1080\/09637480600798132"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Caponio, F., Alloggio, V., Gomes, T. (1999). Phenolic compounds of virgin olive oil: influence of pastepreperation techniques. Food Chem., 64, 203 209. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0308-8146(98)00146-0","DOI":"10.1016\/S0308-8146(98)00146-0"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaska, A., Deniz, N., \u00c7i\u00e7ek, M., Mammadov, R. (2018). Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties, Phenolic Compounds, Anthelmintic, and Cytotoxic Activities of Various Extracts Isolated from Nepeta cadmea: An Endemic Plant for Turkey. J. Food Sci., 83, 1552-1559. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1750-3841.14167","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.14167"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alp\u0131nar, K., Ozyurek, M., Kolak, U., Guclu, K., Aras, C., Altun, M., Celik, S.E., Berker, K.I., Bektasoglu, B., Apak, R. (2009). Antioxidant Capacities of Some Food Plants Wildly Grown in Ayvalik of Turkey. Food Sci Technol Res, 15, 59-64. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3136\/fstr.15.59","DOI":"10.3136\/fstr.15.59"},{"key":"ref48","unstructured":"K\u0131l\u0131n\u00e7arslan, \u00d6., Mammadov, R. (2018). HPLC analysis and Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity Activities of Various Solvent Extracts of Erysimum kotschyanum Gay. (Brassicaceae). J. Chem. Soc. Pakistan, 40, 707-714."},{"key":"ref49","unstructured":"Middleton, E., Kandaswami, C., Theoharides, T.C. (2000). The effects of plant flavonoids on mammalian cells: Implications for inflammation, heart disease and cancer. Pharmacol Rev, 52, 673-751."},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rio, D.D., Rodriguez-Mateos, A., Spencer, J.P.E., Tognolini, M., Borges, G., Crozier, A. (2013). Dietary (poly)phenolics in human health: structures, bioavailability, and evidence of protective effects against chronic diseases. Antioxid Redox Sign, 18, 1818-1892. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/ars.2012.4581","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2012.4581"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kheirandish, F., Delfan, B., Mahmoudvand, H., Moradi, N., Ezatpour, B., Ebrahimzadeh, F., Rashidipour, M. (2016). Antileishmanial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities of Quercus infectoria Olivier extract. Biomed. Pharmacother., 82, 208 215. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2016.04.040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2016.04.040"},{"key":"ref52","unstructured":"Paaver, U., Matto, V., Raal, A. (2010). Total tannin content in distinct Quercus robur L. galls. J. Med. Plants Res., 4, 702-705."},{"key":"ref53","unstructured":"Pirozi, F., Adeli, K., Tavakoli, M. (2016). The study of Galls Growing on Oak tree\u2019s Importance in Producing Tannin (Case study in Ghalaie region in Lorestan Province). Adv. Biores., 7, 9-12."},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leong, L.P., Shiu, G. (2002). An investigated of antioxidant capacity of fruits in Singapore markets. Food Chem., 76, 69-75. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0308-8146(01)00251-5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0308-8146(01)00251-5"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, L., Wang, Z., Li, X. (2013). Preliminary phytochemical and biological activities study of solvent extracts from a cold-field fruit-Malus baccata (Linn.) Borkh. Ind. Crop Prod., 47, 20-28. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.indcrop.2013.02.029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2013.02.029"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaur, G., Athar, M., Alam, M.S. (2008). Quercus infectoria galls possess antioxidant activity and abrogates oxidative stress-induced functional alterations in murine macrophages. Chem Biol Interact, 171, 272 282. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbi.2007.10.002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2007.10.002"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khanavi, M., Sabbagh-Bani-Azad, M., Abdolghaffari, A.H., Vazirian, M., Isazadeh, I., Rezvanfar, M.A., et al. (2014). On the benefit of galls of Quercus brantii Lindl. in murine colitis: the role of free gallic acid. Arch. Med. Sci., 10, 1225 1234. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5114\/aoms.2014.47831","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2014.47831"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Augustyniak, A., Bartosz, G., Cipak, A., Duburs, G., Horakova, L., Luczaj W., et al. (2010). Natural and synthetic antioxidants: an updated overview. Free Radical Res., 44, 1216-1262. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/10715762.2010.508495","DOI":"10.3109\/10715762.2010.508495"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thielecke, F., Boschmann, M. (2009). The potential role of green tea catechins in the prevention of the metabolic syndrome-a review. Phytochemistry, 70, 11-24. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phytochem.2008.11.011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2008.11.011"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Secondary Metabolite"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,21]],"date-time":"2023-06-21T16:08:41Z","timestamp":1687363721000},"score":25.19325,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/dergipark.org.tr\/en\/doi\/10.21448\/ijsm.674930"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,13]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21448\/ijsm.674930","ISSN":["2148-6905"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2148-6905","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,13]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T05:34:09Z","timestamp":1734500049004,"version":"3.30.2"},"description":"This datasheet on Andricus mukaigawae covers Identity, Distribution, Hosts\/Species Affected, Further Information.","reference-count":1,"publisher":"CABI Publishing","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,20]]},"DOI":"10.1079\/cabicompendium.119117","type":"dataset","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T22:21:26Z","timestamp":1669328486000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Andricus mukaigawae"],"prefix":"10.1079","author":[{"name":"CABI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"242","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abe Y Mantu Bhuyan Jiten Mech Bhattacharyya PR Ide T Mishima M Suyama C Sato S Matsuo K Wachi N 2012. Discovery of an oak gall wasp (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) inducing galls on deciduous oak trees in India. Entomological Science 15(3):340-342. http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/journal\/10.1111\/(ISSN)1479-8298","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-8298.2011.00510.x"}],"container-title":["CABI Compendium"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T16:15:18Z","timestamp":1734452118000},"score":21.751335,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.cabidigitallibrary.org\/doi\/10.1079\/cabicompendium.119117"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,20]]},"references-count":1,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1079\/cabicompendium.119117","published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,20]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,20]],"date-time":"2024-12-20T19:40:05Z","timestamp":1734723605326,"version":"3.32.0"},"description":"This datasheet on Andricus corruptrix covers Identity, Distribution, Biology & Ecology, Further Information.","reference-count":0,"publisher":"CABI Publishing","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]]},"DOI":"10.1079\/cabicompendium.112260","type":"dataset","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T08:00:52Z","timestamp":1668672052000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Andricus corruptrix"],"prefix":"10.1079","author":[{"name":"CABI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"242","container-title":["CABI Compendium"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,20]],"date-time":"2024-12-20T19:12:48Z","timestamp":1734721968000},"score":21.38956,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.cabidigitallibrary.org\/doi\/10.1079\/cabicompendium.112260"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1079\/cabicompendium.112260","published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:37:21Z","timestamp":1791297441963,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,4]],"date-time":"2003-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1057276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Ecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Many studies have addressed the latitudinal gradients in intraspecific genetic diversity of European taxa generated during postglacial range expansion from southern refugia. Although Asia Minor is known to be a centre of diversity for many taxa, relatively few studies have considered its potential role as a Pleistocene refugium or a potential source for more ancient westward range expansion into Europe. Here we address these issues for an oak gallwasp, <jats:italic>Andricus quercustozae<\/jats:italic> (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), whose distribution extends from Morocco along the northern coast of the Mediterranean through Turkey to Iran. We use sequence data for a fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic> and allele frequency data for 12 polymorphic allozyme loci to answer the following questions: (1) which regions represent current centres of genetic diversity for <jats:italic>A. quercustozae<\/jats:italic>? Do eastern populations represent one refuge or several discrete glacial refugia? (2) Can we infer the timescale and sequence of the colonization processes linking current centres of diversity? Our results suggest that <jats:italic>A. quercustozae<\/jats:italic> was present in five distinct refugia (Iberia, Italy, the Balkans, southwestern Turkey and northeastern Turkey) with recent genetic exchange between Italy and Hungary. Genetic diversity is greatest in the Turkish refugia, suggesting that European populations are either (a) derived from Asia Minor, or (b) subject to more frequent population bottlenecks. Although Iberian populations show the lowest diversity for putatively selectively neutral markers, they have colonized a new oak host and represent a genetically and biologically discrete entity within the species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294x.2003.01894.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,14]],"date-time":"2003-07-14T10:26:44Z","timestamp":1058178404000},"page":"2153-2174","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":124,"title":["Out of Anatolia: longitudinal gradients in genetic diversity support an eastern origin for a circum\u2010Mediterranean oak gallwasp <i>Andricus quercustozae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Antonis","family":"Rokas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel J.","family":"Atkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucy","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gy\u00f6rgy","family":"Cs\u00f3ka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham N.","family":"Stone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1303\/aez.23.381"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1570-7458.1991.tb01446.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1998.tb02249.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","unstructured":"AtkinsonRJ(2000)The genetic analysis of natural history reproductive strategy and population structure in European oak gallwasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae).PhD Thesis University of Oxford Oxford UK."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","volume-title":"genetix\n             4.02, Logiciel Sous Windows TM Pour la G\u00e9n\u00e9tique Des Populations","author":"Belkhir K","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5347(01)02151-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026320"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014-3820.2000.tb00057.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.es.24.110193.001003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2006.03061.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1996.tb03887.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Les Ch\u00eanes. Monographie du genre Quercus and monographie du genre Lithocarpus.","volume":"6","author":"Camus A","year":"1936","journal-title":"Encycl. Encyclop\u00e9die \u00c9conomique De Sylviculture"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","volume-title":"Flora Iberica: Plantas Vasculatres de la Pen\u00ednsula Ib\u00e9rica El Islas Baleares","author":"Castroviejo S","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1967.tb03411.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","article-title":"Study of the gall forming cynipid Hymenoptera of Iranian oak forests","volume":"3","author":"Chodjai M","year":"1980","journal-title":"Journal of the Entomological Society of Iran"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014-3820.2002.tb00196.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.1995.tb00191.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.2737\/NC-GTR-199","volume-title":"The Biology of Gall\u2010Inducing Arthropods","author":"Cs\u00f3ka G","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.1077","volume-title":"Cynipidae","author":"Dalla Torre KW","year":"1910"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1996.tb03638.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2002.1059"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/146.4.1475"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","volume-title":"phylip\n             (Phylogeny Inference Package).","author":"Felsenstein J","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2540.1998.00342.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.1993.tb00026.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.1995.tb00273.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2540.2001.00842.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","volume-title":"World Checklist and Bibliography of Fagales","author":"Govaerts R","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1420-9101.2000.00159.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.1999.tb01160.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35016000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/17.8.754"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1065889"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.1996.142"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","volume-title":"Atlas Florae Europaeae. Distribution of Vascular Plants in Europe","author":"Jalas J","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294x.1998.00432.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","volume-title":"Flora of the USSR.","author":"Konarov VL","year":"1936"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1990.tb04278.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5347(00)02025-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jhered\/89.3.238"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mpev.1999.0614"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","first-page":"265","article-title":"Check\u2010list of oak gall wasps of Hungary, with some taxonomic notes (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipinae, Cynipini)","volume":"92","author":"Melika G","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03675.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2540.2000.00689.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/282771"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/0013-8746(2001)094[0257:PGEORG]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","volume-title":"Hymenoptera, Cynipidae","author":"Nieves\u2010Aldrey J\u2010L","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.18.9996"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.2004.00368.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2004.02396.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111573"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","volume-title":"Allozyme Electrophoresis: a Handbook for Animal Systematics and Population Studies","author":"Richardson BJ","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2540.2001.00872.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1055-7903(02)00329-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1986.tb00576.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3576198"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"The oak galls of Israel (Quercus calliprinos Webb and Quercus ithaburensis Decne)","volume":"3","author":"Sternlicht M","year":"1968","journal-title":"Israel Journal of Entomology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1998.0387"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294x.2001.01211.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5347(03)00247-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.47.091201.145247"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.1993.tb00015.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","first-page":"485","volume-title":"Frontiers of Population Ecology","author":"Sunnucks P","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","volume-title":"paup\n            *: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and Other Methods)","author":"Swofford DL","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294x.1998.00289.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294x.1998.00308.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001220050941"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_1","volume-title":"Flora of Iraq","author":"Townsend CC","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_1","volume-title":"The Plant Life of the Balkan Peninsula; a Phytogeographical Study","author":"Turrill WB","year":"1929"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1999.tb05409.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1984.tb05657.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0962-1083.2001.01310.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_74_1","volume-title":"Flora of Turkey and the Eastern Aegean Islands","author":"Yaltirik F","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_75_1","volume-title":"Flora Palaestina","author":"Zohary M","year":"1966"}],"container-title":["Molecular Ecology"],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1046%2Fj.1365-294X.2003.01894.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1046\/j.1365-294X.2003.01894.x","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1046\/j.1365-294X.2003.01894.x","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1046\/j.1365-294X.2003.01894.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T05:30:15Z","timestamp":1697175015000},"score":21.387081,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1046\/j.1365-294X.2003.01894.x"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,4]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1046\/j.1365-294X.2003.01894.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-294x.2003.01894.x","archive":["Portico"],"ISSN":["0962-1083","1365-294X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-1083","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-294X","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,4]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T05:22:26Z","timestamp":1734758546200,"version":"3.32.0"},"description":"This datasheet on Andricus lignicola covers Identity, Distribution, Hosts\/Species Affected, Biology & Ecology, Further Information.","reference-count":1,"publisher":"CABI Publishing","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]]},"DOI":"10.1079\/cabicompendium.5304","type":"dataset","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T23:43:38Z","timestamp":1669333418000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Andricus lignicola"],"prefix":"10.1079","author":[{"name":"CABI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"242","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_1","unstructured":"Ilie A. L. Marinescu M. 2018. New data about the galls from Tinca area (Bihor County Romania).Current Trends in Natural Sciences 7(13) 70-74. https:\/\/www.natsci.upit.ro\/media\/1645\/paper-11.pdf"}],"container-title":["CABI Compendium"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T03:22:48Z","timestamp":1734751368000},"score":21.369942,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.cabidigitallibrary.org\/doi\/10.1079\/cabicompendium.5304"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]]},"references-count":1,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1079\/cabicompendium.5304","published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,22]],"date-time":"2024-12-22T05:01:59Z","timestamp":1734843719064,"version":"3.32.0"},"description":"This datasheet on Andricus grossulariae covers Identity, Distribution, Biology & Ecology, Further Information.","reference-count":0,"publisher":"CABI Publishing","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,21]]},"DOI":"10.1079\/cabicompendium.112261","type":"dataset","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T15:32:39Z","timestamp":1669303959000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Andricus grossulariae"],"prefix":"10.1079","author":[{"name":"CABI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"242","container-title":["CABI Compendium"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T04:01:34Z","timestamp":1734753694000},"score":20.60876,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.cabidigitallibrary.org\/doi\/10.1079\/cabicompendium.112261"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,21]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1079\/cabicompendium.112261","published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,21]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T05:34:34Z","timestamp":1734586474446,"version":"3.30.2"},"description":"This datasheet on Andricus quercuscalicis covers Identity, Distribution, Hosts\/Species Affected, Biology & Ecology, Natural Enemies, Further Information.","reference-count":1,"publisher":"CABI Publishing","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]]},"DOI":"10.1079\/cabicompendium.5307","type":"dataset","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T22:52:47Z","timestamp":1669330367000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Andricus quercuscalicis (oak knopper gall)"],"prefix":"10.1079","author":[{"name":"CABI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"242","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_1","unstructured":"Koll\u00e1r J. 2007. The harmful entomofauna of woody plants in Slovakia.Acta Entomologica Serbica 12(1) 67-79. http:\/\/www.eds.org.rs\/AES\/vol12-1\/09.pdf"}],"container-title":["CABI Compendium"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T01:17:44Z","timestamp":1734571064000},"score":18.46719,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.cabidigitallibrary.org\/doi\/10.1079\/cabicompendium.5307"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]]},"references-count":1,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1079\/cabicompendium.5307","published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T00:10:07Z","timestamp":1751933407876,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Magnolia Press","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zootaxa"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A new species of gall wasp in the genus Andricus Hartig, 1840 is described from South Korea. Andricus is the most diverse genus in the tribe Cynipini within the family Cynipidae, and the newly described species is known only from individuals of a sexual generation that induces galls on the leaves of Quercus mongolica. A diagnosis, description, and biology of this new species are provided.\n\u00a0<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.11646\/zootaxa.5660.1.8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T23:28:20Z","timestamp":1751930900000},"page":"119-124","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A new species of Andricus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) from South Korea, Andricus koreanus sp. nov."],"prefix":"10.11646","volume":"5660","author":[{"given":"MINJOON","family":"KANG","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6086-0326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"SUNGHOON","family":"JUNG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4913","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"container-title":["Zootaxa"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/mapress.com\/zt\/article\/download\/zootaxa.5660.1.8\/56735","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/mapress.com\/zt\/article\/download\/zootaxa.5660.1.8\/56735","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T23:28:21Z","timestamp":1751930901000},"score":18.399668,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/mapress.com\/zt\/article\/view\/zootaxa.5660.1.8"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11646\/zootaxa.5660.1.8","ISSN":["1175-5334","1175-5326"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1175-5334"},{"type":"print","value":"1175-5326"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]}}],"items-per-page":10,"query":{"start-index":0,"search-terms":null}}}