{"status":"ok","message-type":"work-list","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"facets":{},"total-results":2880,"items":[{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T22:52:39Z","timestamp":1790981559453,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Pensoft Publishers","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,15]],"date-time":"2022-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ZK"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although many new species of the millipede genus <jats:italic>Nannaria<\/jats:italic> Chamberlin, 1918 have been known from museum collections for over half a century, a systematic revision has not been undertaken until recently. There are two species groups in the genus: the <jats:italic>minor<\/jats:italic> species group and the <jats:italic>wilsoni<\/jats:italic> species group. In this study, the <jats:italic>wilsoni<\/jats:italic> species group was investigated. Specimens were collected from throughout its distribution in the Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States and used for a multi-gene molecular phylogeny. The phylogenetic tree recovered <jats:italic>Nannaria<\/jats:italic> and the two species groups as monophyletic, with <jats:italic>Oenomaea pulchella<\/jats:italic> as its sister group. Seventeen new species were described, bringing the composition of the <jats:italic>wilsoni<\/jats:italic> species group to 24 species, more than tripling its known diversity, and increasing the total number of described <jats:italic>Nannaria<\/jats:italic> species to 78. The genus now has the greatest number of species in the family Xystodesmidae. Museum holdings of <jats:italic>Nannaria<\/jats:italic> were catalogued, and a total of 1,835 records used to produce a distribution map of the species group. Live photographs, illustrations of diagnostic characters, ecological notes, and conservation statuses are given. The <jats:italic>wilsoni<\/jats:italic> species group is restricted to the Appalachian region, unlike the widely-distributed <jats:italic>minor<\/jats:italic> species group (known throughout eastern North America), and has a distinct gap in its distribution in northeastern Tennessee and adjacent northwestern North Carolina. The <jats:italic>wilsoni<\/jats:italic> species group seems to be adapted to mesic microhabitats in middle to high elevation forests in eastern North America. New species are expected to be discovered in the southern Appalachian Mountains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3897\/zookeys.1096.73485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,15]],"date-time":"2022-04-15T14:16:23Z","timestamp":1650032183000},"page":"17-118","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["\ufeffA revision of the wilsoni species group in the millipede genus Nannaria Chamberlin, 1918 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Xystodesmidae)"],"prefix":"10.3897","volume":"1096","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7005-1151","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Derek A.","family":"Hennen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7377-0696","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jackson C.","family":"Means","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7048-2514","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Paul E.","family":"Marek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2258","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"73485_B1","first-page":"221","article-title":"System der Polydesmiden I. 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Koch 1847, and Nannaria minor Chamberlin 1918; elucidation of the tribal range; and commentaries on Nannaria Chamberlin 1918, and Oenomaea Hoffman 1964.","volume":"0418","author":"Hennen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Insecta Mundi"},{"key":"73485_B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jip.2017.08.011"},{"key":"73485_B34","first-page":"346","article-title":"Three new eastern millipeds of the family Xystodesmidae.","volume":"38","author":"Hoffman","year":"1948","journal-title":"Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"73485_B35","first-page":"81","article-title":"Three new species of Diplopoda from Virginia.","volume":"62","author":"Hoffman","year":"1949a","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington"},{"key":"73485_B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5479\/si.00963801.99-3244.371"},{"key":"73485_B37","first-page":"11","article-title":"Records and descriptions of diplopods from the southern 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Part I. Review of the European genera of spiders, preceded by some observations on zoological nomenclature.","volume":"7","author":"Thorell","year":"1869","journal-title":"Nova acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis"},{"key":"73485_B77","first-page":"177","article-title":"Mimicry among aposematic Appalachian xystodesmid millipeds (Polydesmida: Chelodesmidea).","volume":"94","author":"Whitehead","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington"},{"key":"73485_B78","first-page":"93","article-title":"The millipedes and centipedes of Ohio.","volume":"33","author":"Williams","year":"1928","journal-title":"Ohio State University Bulletin"},{"key":"73485_B79","author":"Wray","year":"1967","journal-title":"Insects of North Carolina, 3rd Supplement."},{"key":"73485_B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asd.2020.100913"}],"container-title":["ZooKeys"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/zookeys.pensoft.net\/article\/73485\/download\/pdf\/","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/zookeys.pensoft.net\/article\/73485\/download\/xml\/","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/zookeys.pensoft.net\/article_preview.php?id=73485&skip_redirect=1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,15]],"date-time":"2022-04-15T14:17:21Z","timestamp":1650032241000},"score":21.035645,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/zookeys.pensoft.net\/article\/73485\/"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,15]]},"references-count":80,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3897\/zookeys.1096.73485","ISSN":["1313-2970","1313-2989"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1313-2970","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1313-2989","type":"print"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,15]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T15:14:52Z","timestamp":1774538092882,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Pensoft Publishers","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]],"date-time":"2021-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/share-your-work\/public-domain\/cc0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ZK"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Millipedes in the family Xystodesmidae (Polydesmida) are often referred to as \u201ccolorful, flat-backed millipedes\u201d for their bright aposematic coloration and tendency to form M\u00fcllerian mimicry rings in the Appalachian region. However, there are many species of Xystodesmidae that do not display colorful warning patterns, and instead have more cryptic appearances. Perhaps for this reason, groups such as the genus <jats:italic>Nannaria<\/jats:italic> have remained understudied, despite containing a large number of undescribed species. Before his death in 2012, R. L. Hoffman worked on a revision of the genus <jats:italic>Nannaria<\/jats:italic>, and synthesized material and drawings since 1949. Here the work is continued, inferring a molecular phylogeny of the Nannariini (<jats:italic>Nannaria<\/jats:italic> + <jats:italic>Oenomaea pulchella<\/jats:italic>), and revealing two clades within the genus. One clade is named the <jats:italic>minor<\/jats:italic> species group, and the second is the <jats:italic>wilsoni<\/jats:italic> species group. This revision, using a molecular phylogenetic framework, is the basis for descriptions of 35 new species in the <jats:italic>minor<\/jats:italic> species group. A multi-gene molecular phylogeny is used to make taxonomic changes in the taxon. Eleven putative species of <jats:italic>Nannaria<\/jats:italic> are also illustrated and discussed. Additionally, detailed collection, natural history and habitat notes, distribution maps, and a key to species of the <jats:italic>Nannaria minor<\/jats:italic> species group are provided. These items are synthesized as a basis for a revision of the genus, which hopefully will aid conservation and evolutionary investigations of this cryptic and understudied group.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3897\/zookeys.1030.62544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]],"date-time":"2021-04-13T17:50:37Z","timestamp":1618336237000},"page":"1-180","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A revision of the minor species group in the millipede genus Nannaria Chamberlin, 1918 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Xystodesmidae)"],"prefix":"10.3897","volume":"1030","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7377-0696","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jackson C.","family":"Means","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7005-1151","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Derek A.","family":"Hennen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7048-2514","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Paul E.","family":"Marek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2258","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"62544_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(05)80360-2"},{"key":"62544_B2","first-page":"221","article-title":"System der Polydesmiden, I. Theil.","volume":"67","author":"Attems","year":"1898","journal-title":"Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademieder Wissenschaften zu Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlische Classe"},{"key":"62544_B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9783111430645-003"},{"key":"62544_B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5479\/si.00963801.11-721.339"},{"key":"62544_B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5479\/si.00963801.11-714.316"},{"key":"62544_B6","author":"Bollman","year":"1893","journal-title":"The Myriapoda of North America."},{"key":"62544_B7","author":"Brimley","year":"1938","journal-title":"The Insects of North Carolina."},{"key":"62544_B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3406\/bsef.1896.21771"},{"key":"62544_B9","first-page":"165","article-title":"Six new diplopods of the family Xystodesmidae.","volume":"53","author":"Causey","year":"1942","journal-title":"Entomological News"},{"key":"62544_B10","first-page":"1","article-title":"A new genus and species of diplopod (Family Xystodesmidae).","volume":"71","author":"Causey","year":"1950a","journal-title":"Chicago Academy of Sciences Natural History Miscellanea"},{"key":"62544_B11","first-page":"193","article-title":"On four new polydesmoid millipeds.","volume":"61","author":"Causey","year":"1950b","journal-title":"Entomological News"},{"key":"62544_B12","first-page":"1","article-title":"Some records and descriptions of polydesmoid millipeds from the United States.","volume":"106","author":"Causey","year":"1952","journal-title":"Natural History Miscellanea"},{"key":"62544_B13","first-page":"21","article-title":"New records and descriptions of polydesmoid millipeds (Order Polydesmida) from the eastern United States.","volume":"68","author":"Causey","year":"1955","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington"},{"key":"62544_B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/1918\/24852"},{"key":"62544_B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4039\/Ent53230-10"},{"key":"62544_B16","first-page":"153","article-title":"Some chilopods and diplopods from Missouri.","volume":"39","author":"Chamberlin","year":"1928","journal-title":"Entomological News"},{"key":"62544_B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4039\/Ent7256-3"},{"key":"62544_B18","first-page":"143","article-title":"Some records and descriptions of American diplopods.","volume":"56","author":"Chamberlin","year":"1943","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington"},{"key":"62544_B19","first-page":"21","article-title":"Some records and descriptions of diplopods chiefly in the collection of the Academy.","volume":"99","author":"Chamberlin","year":"1947","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia"},{"key":"62544_B20","first-page":"3","article-title":"A new genus and four new species in the diplopod family Xystodesmidae.","volume":"62","author":"Chamberlin","year":"1949","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington"},{"key":"62544_B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.part.22415"},{"key":"62544_B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5479\/si.03629236.212"},{"key":"62544_B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1896.tb55430.x"},{"key":"62544_B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.8.3.175"},{"key":"62544_B25","author":"Gray","year":"1832"},{"key":"62544_B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/IS02009"},{"key":"62544_B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/IS11011"},{"key":"62544_B28","first-page":"1","article-title":"A contribution on the milliped tribe Nannariini (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae): Revalidation of Mimuloria Chamberlin 1928; identities of Fontaria oblonga C. 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