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This phenomenon may be due to the damages caused by xilophagous insects, representatives of the family Scolytidae. Economically the most important species of this family is a pear blight beetle (Xyleborus dispar), which causes symptoms of decline and\/or wilting of pear trees. Such damages have not been documented so far in the region of \u010ca\u010dak. The aim of this study was to determine the cause of sudden appearance of pear trees decline in an orchard in this region (locality of Miokovci). The orchard has 180 trees (Stark Delicious, Santa Maria and Williams) in the sixth year of vegetation. Inspections were carried out every 30 days (20 April - 21 August 2016). Visual inspection identified X. dispar activity on 165 trees (about 92% of the trees in the orchard). Holes were registered on the trees up to a height of 160 cm and in all primary branches. The average number of entry openings on a random sample of 20 trees was 27 for the height from the soil surface to the first branch (70 cm), while it was 61 for the height up to 160 cm. The recommended treatment is eradication of pests with mandatory incineration (burning) of the collected plant material by the end of February of the following growing season. This is the first report of X. dispar as pear pests in the vicinity of \u010ca\u010dak.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/contagri-2016-0019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,16]],"date-time":"2017-01-16T10:02:24Z","timestamp":1484560944000},"page":"57-62","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Sudden Occurrence and Harmfulness of <i>Xyleborus dispar<\/i> (Fabricius) on Pear"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Sne\u017eana","family":"Tanaskovi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sne\u017eana Tanaskovi\u0107, PhD, Assistant Professor, Milo\u0161 Marjanovi\u0107, student, Nenad Popovi\u0107, student, Goran Dra\u0161kovi\u0107, student, University in Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy in \u010ca\u010dak, Cara Du\u0161ana 34;32000 \u010ca\u010dak, Serbia ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milo\u0161","family":"Marjanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sne\u017eana Tanaskovi\u0107, PhD, Assistant Professor, Milo\u0161 Marjanovi\u0107, student, Nenad Popovi\u0107, student, Goran Dra\u0161kovi\u0107, student, University in Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy in \u010ca\u010dak, Cara Du\u0161ana 34;32000 \u010ca\u010dak, Serbia ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonja","family":"Gvozdenac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sonja Gvozdenac PhD, Research Assistat, University in Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, D. Obradovi\u0107a 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nenad","family":"Popovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sne\u017eana Tanaskovi\u0107, PhD, Assistant Professor, Milo\u0161 Marjanovi\u0107, student, Nenad Popovi\u0107, student, Goran Dra\u0161kovi\u0107, student, University in Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy in \u010ca\u010dak, Cara Du\u0161ana 34;32000 \u010ca\u010dak, Serbia ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Goran","family":"Dra\u0161kovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sne\u017eana Tanaskovi\u0107, PhD, Assistant Professor, Milo\u0161 Marjanovi\u0107, student, Nenad Popovi\u0107, student, Goran Dra\u0161kovi\u0107, student, University in Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy in \u010ca\u010dak, Cara Du\u0161ana 34;32000 \u010ca\u010dak, Serbia ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021040619213794567_j_contagri-2016-0019_ref_001_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ab1Aa","unstructured":"BOCIORT M and MARINESCU M: Research on controling Anisandrus dispar (Scolytidae) in orchard from C\u0103rand Village, Arad, Romania. 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During the last years increased activity of this beetle contributed necessity for investigation of it in apple orchards of Latvia. Because of the latent behavior it is difficult to control distribution of Xyleborus dispar. Often insecticides are not effective, especially if not used in an appropriate time and methods of integrated or biological plant protection are needed. In the current study, results of two year monitoring of X. dispar flying activity and effectiveness of two types of sticky traps, Rebell Rosso and Csalomon Palx, bitted with 50% alcohol are presented. Four traps of each type were placed in each orchard at the beginning of May in 2013 and at the middle of April in 2014. Differences among respective orchards were recorded: the highest number of beetles was found in the largest orchard surrounded by wide deciduous forests; the lowest number was recorded in the orchard surrounded by the agricultural lands. The first emerging X. dispar female was caught at the middle of April. During the vegetation season the highest flying activity of beetles was at the end of April - beginning of May (17th \u2013 18th week). Afterwards number and flying activity of beetles decreased and at the middle of June (25th \u2013 26th week) reached zero. In orchard with the highest number of European shot-hole borer, significantly higher number of beetles was recorded on Rebell Rosso traps; for the rest two orchards higher number of X. dispar was recorded on Csalomon Palx traps.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.17770\/etr2015vol2.279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,16]],"date-time":"2015-06-16T17:43:54Z","timestamp":1434476634000},"page":"256-260","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Investigation of European shot-hole borer, Xyleborus dispar (Coleoptera, Scolytidae),  in apple orchards of Latvia"],"prefix":"10.17770","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Ineta","family":"Salmane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rinalds","family":"Ciematnieks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Ozoli\u0146a-Pole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baiba","family":"Ralle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gederts","family":"Ievinsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"66109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nachtigall G. 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Monitoring population density and fluctuations of Xyleborus dispar and Xyleborinus saxesenii (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) with red winged sticky traps in hazelnut orchards. African J. Agric. Res. 8, 2012, pp. 2189\u20132194.","DOI":"10.5897\/AJAR11.1317"},{"key":"66132","unstructured":"Bhagwandin H.O.Jr. The shot hole borer: An ambrosia beetle of concern for chestnut orcharding in the Pacific Northwest. 93rd Annual Report of the Northern Nut Grower\u2019s Association. 1992, pp. 168\u2013177."}],"container-title":["ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGY. RESOURCES. 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Seasonal variations of the fungus within the female beetles mesonotal mycangium, and the synchronization of oocyte development were demonstrated. Oocyte development and oviposition occurred only after the postdiapause female had fed on the ambrosial form of the fungus. These beetles attacked a new host with their intestinal tracts empty. The most important factor for fungal growth was considered to be the quality of the host tissues. The relationship between the number of progeny and the volume of the galleries was linear. Comparisons were made of wild and in vitro populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Zusammenfassung<\/jats:title><jats:p>Zur Biologie des Ambrosia\u2010K\u00e4fers, Xyleborus dispar (F.) (Col., Scol.)<\/jats:p><jats:p>Es wurden Probleme der Entwicklung und des Verhaltens der Imagines von <jats:italic>X. dispar<\/jats:italic> im Zusammenhang mit ihrem symbiontischen Pilz <jats:italic>Ambrosiella hartigii<\/jats:italic> Batra im Labor und Freiland untersucht. Hinsichtlich der im weiblichen K\u00e4fer lokalisierten Mycetome sowie der Synchronisation zwischen Symbionten\u2010 und Oocyten\u2010Entwicklung bestanden saisonale Variationen. Die Entwicklung der Oocyten und die Eiablage fanden erst statt, wenn nach der Postdiapause das K\u00e4ferweibchen von der Ambrosialform des Pilzes gefressen hatte. Bohrg\u00e4nge, in denen sich der Ambrosiapilz nicht entwickelte, wurden nicht mit Eiern belegt. In mit Pilz gut bewachsenen G\u00e4ngen betrug die Eizahl zwischen 6 und 20 pro Gang. Der M\u00e4nnchen\u2010Anteil des Borkenk\u00e4fers variierte zwischen 1\/2 und 1\/8. Als Folge des R\u00fcckgangs des Pilzwachstums w\u00e4hrend der Larvenfra\u00dfzeit kam es zur Verringerung der Larven\u2010 und Puppengr\u00f6\u00dfe. F\u00fcr das Pilzwachstum erwies sich die Qualit\u00e4t des Holzes als wichtigster Faktor. Zwischen der Zahl der Nachkommen pro Weibchen und dem Volumen der Bohrg\u00e4nge bestand eine lineare Beziehung, deren Korrelation 0,69 betrug. Wild\u2010 und Invitropopulationen zeigten vergleichbare Vermehrungsraten.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0418.1975.tb04178.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,29]],"date-time":"2010-07-29T09:49:41Z","timestamp":1280396981000},"page":"241-247","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Studies on the biology of the ambrosia beetle <i>Xyleborus dispar<\/i> (F.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"J. R. 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