The earliest Italian American writers were immigrants who learned English and responded to their experience in America through poetry and prose, more often than not found in the early Italian language newspapers. Few had mastered the English language, and so their contributions to literature were not considered to be American. In fact, early-20th-century immigrants from Italy to the United States were hesitant to even to refer to themselves as Americans. The literature produced during this period provides great insights into the shaping of American identities and into the obstacles that these immigrants faced in pursuing their versions of the American Dream. The rise of Fascism in Italy of the 1920s\u20131940s would have a tremendous effect on those identities. One of the earliest Italian Americans to voice his opinion of Italian Fascism in his poetry was Arturo Giovannitti, who, with Joseph Ettor, had organized the famous 1912 Lawrence Mill Strike. National awareness of writers as Italian Americans would not begin until the likes of John Fante and Pietro di Donato published in the late 1930s. Fiction published prior to World War II primarily depicted the vexed immigrant experience of adjustment in America. The post\u2013World War II years brought the arrival of more immigrants as serious producers of American art. Among the early writers were returning soldiers, such as Mario Puzo and Felix Stefanile, often the first of their families to be literate and attend American schools, especially with the help of the GI Bill. While many of the writers were busy capturing the disappearance of the immigrant generation, others were continuing the radical traditions. Government investigations into Communism through the House Committee on Un-American Activities sparked the ire of many Italian American artists. Increased mobility through military service and education in American schools brought Italian American writers into contact with the world outside of Little Italy and opened their imaginations and creativity to modernist experiments. Those who would gain recognition as members of the \u201cBeat movement\u201d responded to an apolitical complacency that seemed to set in directly after the war by fusing art and politics profoundly to affect America\u2019s literary scene. During a time when the very definition of \u201cAmerican\u201d was being challenged and changed, Italian American writers were busy exploring their own American histories. America\u2019s postwar feminist movement had a strong effect on the daughters of the immigrants. Social action, the redefinition of American gender roles, and the shift from urban to suburban ethnicity became subjects of the writing of many young Italian Americans who watched as their families moved from working- to middle-class life. Fiction produced in the 1980s and 1990s recreated the immigrant experience from the perspective of the grandchildren, who quite often reconnected to Italy to create new identities. Contemporary Italian American literature demonstrates a growing literary tradition through a variety of styles and voices. Critical studies, beginning with Rose Basile Green\u2019s The Italian American Novel (1974), reviews, the publication of anthologies, journals, and the creation of new presses are ample evidence that Italian American culture has gained understandings of its past as it develops a sense of a future.<\/p>","DOI":"10.1093\/obo\/9780199827251-0221","type":"reference-entry","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T10:55:13Z","timestamp":1632999313000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Italian-American Literature"],"prefix":"10.1093","member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]]},"container-title":["American Literature"],"original-title":["Italian-American Literature"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T10:55:14Z","timestamp":1632999314000},"score":16.248035,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/oxfordbibliographies.com\/view\/document\/obo-9780199827251\/obo-9780199827251-0221.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]]},"ISBN":["9780199827251"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/obo\/9780199827251-0221","published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T02:56:33Z","timestamp":1715309793411},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780199827251","type":"electronic"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"abstract":"
It is a critical commonplace that the King James Bible served as the moral and cultural foundation for the Reformed Protestant community\u2014a People of the Book\u2014that developed in Puritan and colonial America and then continued in this role in the newly established United States well into the twentieth century. Yet the contemporary student of American literature and the Bible is initially confronted with a paradox; for although commentators have long recognized the central role of the King James Bible in the development of the American literary tradition (as in the culture at large), the subject has long occupied a marginal position in the academy. As an interdisciplinary endeavor, the study of American literature and the Bible ideally requires competence in two academic realms, as manifested in the work of such past masters as Northrop Frye, Frank Kermode, Robert Alter, and Harold Bloom. Having developed in tandem with the growth of literary approaches to the Bible, the study of the influence of the Bible on American literature is now an increasingly recognized area of scholarly interest. Initially a field dominated by Christian scholars, it currently includes all those who recognize the Bible as a culturally authoritative source text for Western culture and tradition. The field has markedly expanded in recent years, with the appearance of key reference books, general surveys, and author studies. Major American writers such as Ralph Waldo Emerson, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Walt Whitman, Herman Melville, Emily Dickinson, Mark Twain, William Faulkner, John Steinbeck, and Flannery O\u2019Connor now have a substantial body of critical commentary on their work in relation to the Bible, while many others have received varying degrees of attention from this vibrant academic discipline.<\/p>","DOI":"10.1093\/obo\/9780199827251-0193","type":"reference-entry","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]],"date-time":"2019-04-26T07:31:54Z","timestamp":1556263914000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Bible and American Literature"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Jonathan A.","family":"Cook","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]},"container-title":["American Literature"],"original-title":["The Bible and American Literature"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]],"date-time":"2023-02-20T06:23:04Z","timestamp":1676874184000},"score":15.677988,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/oxfordbibliographies.com\/display\/document\/obo-9780199827251\/obo-9780199827251-0193.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]},"ISBN":["9780199827251"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/obo\/9780199827251-0193","published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T02:56:55Z","timestamp":1715309815826},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780199827251","type":"electronic"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"abstract":"
The literature of the 17th-century Dutch colony of New Netherland and its afterlife is as much part of early American literature as it is of early-modern Dutch literature. It cannot be studied without taking its American context as well as its Dutch origins into account, but requires a transnational and, at times, global perspective. Thus, New Netherland literature is connected to the culture of the written word in the Dutch Republic, as well as to the history of the Dutch language. Conceived broadly, New Netherland literature and language begins in 1609, with Henry Hudson\u2019s voyage and extends well beyond 1674, when the Dutch government relinquished administrative control of the colonized area. The use of Dutch in written and spoken form along the east coast of North America persisted for over four centuries, with several changes to its use and character over time. In this overview, New Netherland literature is for practical purposes divided into the overlapping genres of descriptions, travel writing, letters, poetry, chronicles and pamphlets, religious writings, and linguistics, with a separate section for the main writers (Adriaen van der Donck, Henricus Selijns, Jacob Steendam, Pieter Plockhoy and Franciscus van den Enden). Sections on the Dutch Republic and New Netherland and the Dutch Atlantic have been added for background reading.<\/p>","DOI":"10.1093\/obo\/9780199827251-0069","type":"reference-entry","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T08:10:29Z","timestamp":1653466229000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["New Netherland Literature"],"prefix":"10.1093","member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]]},"container-title":["American Literature"],"original-title":["New Netherland Literature"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]],"date-time":"2022-06-26T07:53:57Z","timestamp":1656230037000},"score":15.527676,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/oxfordbibliographies.com\/view\/document\/obo-9780199827251\/obo-9780199827251-0069.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]]},"ISBN":["9780199827251"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/obo\/9780199827251-0069","published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T21:46:08Z","timestamp":1726004768931},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press","isbn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"9780190201098"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"abstract":"
Latin American literature is a broad and heterogeneous category composed of voices from many countries spanning two continents. In the United States, more attention has been given to Cuban, Chicano\/a, and Central American literatures than to writers from other South American countries. This article tries to remedy this disparity by focusing on the presence and influence of literature from South American countries, among them Colombia, Peru, and Argentina.<\/p>\n
The Latin American Boom was one of the most important literary movements that introduced Latin American literature into the United States and the broader international scene. After the revolution of 1959, Cuba began to offer opportunities for writers and artists from all over Latin America who wanted to pursue their intellectual or artistic interests. One of the reasons the United States government established the Alliance for Progress was to counter Cuba\u2019s influence on Latin American intellectuals. The insidious program Alliance for Progress had a darker side that supported repressive military regimes across Latin America that were responsible for the death, torture and disappearance of thousands of South American citizens. At the same time, it did facilitate the translation and publication of Latin American novels; making them available to the American public. As a result, the works of Colombian, Peruvian, Argentine South American literatures have developed a strong presence in the United States such as Andean literature and literature of exile. Since the 1980s, indigenous populations of Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador have migrated legally or extra-legally to the United States, whether in search of better opportunities or to escape the violence of their home countries. These vibrant Andean populations have contributed to expanding the Andean Archipelago of literature. Similarly, high numbers of Argentines went into exile during the military dictatorship of 1976 to escape government violence and repression. Scholars such as Yossi Shain affirm that exiles expand the borders of the country by creating a diaspora that continues to interact with their compatriots in their home country and with those spread throughout the world. One example is Luisa Valenzuela, an Argentine writer, who continued to be committed to resisting the dictatorship while in exile. Her work is engaged with the process of writing, and how the exile experience influenced her work and her identity.<\/p>","DOI":"10.1093\/acrefore\/9780190201098.013.929","type":"reference-entry","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]],"date-time":"2020-02-28T06:11:32Z","timestamp":1582870292000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Latin American American Literature"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Rose","family":"Phillips","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]]},"container-title":["Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Literature"],"original-title":["Latin American American Literature"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]],"date-time":"2022-08-31T18:44:58Z","timestamp":1661971498000},"score":15.427265,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/oxfordre.com\/literature\/view\/10.1093\/acrefore\/9780190201098.001.0001\/acrefore-9780190201098-e-929"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]]},"ISBN":["9780190201098"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/acrefore\/9780190201098.013.929","published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,2]],"date-time":"2022-04-02T22:18:36Z","timestamp":1648937916257},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"JSTOR","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Literature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1936,5]]},"DOI":"10.2307\/2920207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,24]],"date-time":"2006-04-24T10:33:23Z","timestamp":1145874803000},"page":"115","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["American Scholarship and American Literature"],"prefix":"10.2307","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Howard Mumford","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1121","container-title":["American Literature"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]],"date-time":"2018-05-09T10:11:08Z","timestamp":1525860668000},"score":15.230825,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/2920207?origin=crossref"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[1936,5]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1936,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2920207","ISSN":["0002-9831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9831","type":"print"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[1936,5]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T02:56:55Z","timestamp":1715309815541},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780199827251","type":"electronic"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"abstract":" Biographies of American literary figures did not come into currency until the country began to explore the persons and conditions that made that emerging literature possible. Walt Whitman and Mark Twain appointed authorized biographers, Horace Traubel and Alfred Bigelow Paine, who began publishing multivolume works in 1892 and 1912, respectively. A depraved Edgar Allan Poe became the focus of the moralistic and deceitful Rufus Griswold in 1850, and Walt Whitman became lionized as the \u201cgood gray poet\u201d in a pamphlet in 1866 and in Richard Maurice Bucke\u2019s 1883 biography, as American authors deemed worthy of the attention already bestowed on public figures. Henry James\u2019s biography of Hawthorne, published in 1879, is no more than a sketch, and it seems he could not even conceive of, say, a psychological biography along the lines of his own novels. American literary biography began to attract a mass audience in the 1920s, partly because of the rediscovery of Herman Melville, who became a major figure in biographies by Raymond Weaver, published in 1921, and by Lewis Mumford in 1929, both of whom sought to understand the troubled life and career of the author of a great American novel, Moby-Dick, who had lapsed into obscurity. Their books inspired a fascination with the possibilities of literary biography, spurred on by the wit and daring of Lytton Strachey\u2019s Eminent Victorians (1918), which brought to the genre a vivid style absent in the stolid biographies of Victorian worthies and sentimental, genteel depictions of American writers like Henry Wadsworth Longfellow by his brother Samuel Longfellow in 1881. That an American author could be the object of a narrative as engrossing as a novel attracted readers to biographies like that of Thomas Beer of Stephen Crane in 1923, although the biographer invented parts of his story and did not observe the standards of accuracy demanded much later, as in Arthur Hobson Quinn\u2019s scrupulous Edgar Allan Poe: A Critical Biography (1941). The term \u201ccritical biography\u201d became synonymous with the idea of biography as an accurate study based upon primary sources and verifiable testimony. However, American literary biography remained a modest enterprise with the notable exceptions of Newton Arvin\u2019s Herman Melville, which won the National Book Award in 1950, or in a few more daring psychological narratives, such as John Berryman\u2019s Stephen Crane: A Critical Biography (1950). The relative brevity of these books\u2014compared to huge tomes produced on other public figures\u2014reflected the tendency to focus on the writer\u2019s work, not his life. Not until the late 1950s, with the five-volume biography of Henry James by Leon Edel were American biographers encouraged to explore the lives as well as the works of writers in meticulous detail. Edel achieved public and academic acclaim\u2014still a rarity for biographers in higher education. No book is yet available devoted entirely to the history or the methodology of American literary biography.<\/p>","DOI":"10.1093\/obo\/9780199827251-0068","type":"reference-entry","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]],"date-time":"2022-06-26T07:53:46Z","timestamp":1656230026000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["American Literary Biography"],"prefix":"10.1093","member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]]},"container-title":["American Literature"],"original-title":["American Literary Biography"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]],"date-time":"2022-06-26T07:53:47Z","timestamp":1656230027000},"score":15.21689,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/oxfordbibliographies.com\/view\/document\/obo-9780199827251\/obo-9780199827251-0068.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]]},"ISBN":["9780199827251"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/obo\/9780199827251-0068","published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T10:44:06Z","timestamp":1694601846000},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Bloomsbury Academic","isbn-type":[{"value":"9781501332272","type":"print"},{"value":"9781501332289","type":"electronic"},{"value":"9781501332302","type":"electronic"},{"value":"9781501332296","type":"electronic"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"DOI":"10.5040\/9781501332296-005","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,30]],"date-time":"2017-10-30T12:05:05Z","timestamp":1509365105000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["American Literature as World Literature: An Introduction"],"prefix":"10.5040","member":"2984","container-title":["American Literature as World Literature"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T04:18:15Z","timestamp":1694492295000},"score":15.163265,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bloomsburycollections.com\/monograph-detail?docid=b-9781501332296&tocid=b-9781501332296-0000099"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"ISBN":["9781501332272","9781501332289","9781501332302","9781501332296"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5040\/9781501332296-005"},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T20:45:35Z","timestamp":1648586735255},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"JSTOR","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Literature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1937,3]]},"DOI":"10.2307\/2920086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,24]],"date-time":"2006-04-24T14:40:31Z","timestamp":1145889631000},"page":"97","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Literature and American Life: For Students of American Literature"],"prefix":"10.2307","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Howard Mumford","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Percy H.","family":"Boynton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1121","container-title":["American Literature"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,18]],"date-time":"2018-04-18T17:26:39Z","timestamp":1524072399000},"score":15.1483555,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/2920086?origin=crossref"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[1937,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1937,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2920086","ISSN":["0002-9831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9831","type":"print"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[1937,3]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,3]],"date-time":"2022-04-03T11:28:24Z","timestamp":1648985304958},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"JSTOR","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Literature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1975,1]]},"DOI":"10.2307\/2924578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,24]],"date-time":"2006-04-24T19:15:25Z","timestamp":1145906125000},"page":"545","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Oak Hall in American Literature"],"prefix":"10.2307","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Steven","family":"Allaback","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1121","container-title":["American Literature"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,18]],"date-time":"2018-04-18T19:24:02Z","timestamp":1524079442000},"score":15.066957,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/2924578?origin=crossref"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[1975,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1975,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2924578","ISSN":["0002-9831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9831","type":"print"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[1975,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T14:19:14Z","timestamp":1696688354756},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"JSTOR","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Literature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1965,1]]},"DOI":"10.2307\/2923204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,24]],"date-time":"2006-04-24T12:42:31Z","timestamp":1145882551000},"page":"545","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["American Literature."],"prefix":"10.2307","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Gay Wilson","family":"Allen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Darrel","family":"Abel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1121","container-title":["American Literature"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]],"date-time":"2018-04-17T23:49:51Z","timestamp":1524008991000},"score":15.051112,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/2923204?origin=crossref"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[1965,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1965,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2923204","ISSN":["0002-9831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9831","type":"print"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[1965,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T08:03:32Z","timestamp":1692345812834},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"JSTOR","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Literature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,12]]},"DOI":"10.2307\/2927703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,24]],"date-time":"2006-04-24T16:50:47Z","timestamp":1145897447000},"page":"817","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Nightway Questions American Literature"],"prefix":"10.2307","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Roemer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1121","container-title":["American Literature"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,18]],"date-time":"2018-04-18T01:00:38Z","timestamp":1524013238000},"score":15.019304,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/2927703?origin=crossref"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,12]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2927703","ISSN":["0002-9831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9831","type":"print"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,12]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T22:04:44Z","timestamp":1648850684874},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"JSTOR","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Literature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1932,3]]},"DOI":"10.2307\/2919529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,24]],"date-time":"2006-04-24T10:21:14Z","timestamp":1145874074000},"page":"69","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["American Writers on American Literature"],"prefix":"10.2307","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Fred Lewis","family":"Pattee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"John","family":"Macy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1121","container-title":["American Literature"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,18]],"date-time":"2018-04-18T15:12:14Z","timestamp":1524064334000},"score":14.998278,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/2919529?origin=crossref"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[1932,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1932,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2919529","ISSN":["0002-9831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9831","type":"print"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[1932,3]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T00:13:33Z","timestamp":1648512813203},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"JSTOR","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Literature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,12]]},"DOI":"10.2307\/2927706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,24]],"date-time":"2006-04-24T20:50:47Z","timestamp":1145911847000},"page":"833","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Recovering American Literature."],"prefix":"10.2307","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Sanford","family":"Pinsker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1121","container-title":["American 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