{"status":"ok","message-type":"work-list","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"facets":{},"total-results":201964,"items":[{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T23:13:25Z","timestamp":1725923605834},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,23]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/ref:odnb\/93048","type":"reference-book","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,30]],"date-time":"2004-12-30T04:54:00Z","timestamp":1104382440000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Medicine: professionalization and biography"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Margaret","family":"Pelling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"286","container-title":["Oxford Dictionary of National Biography"],"original-title":["Medicine: professionalization and biography"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,29]],"date-time":"2017-11-29T15:55:52Z","timestamp":1511970952000},"score":12.741306,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.oxforddnb.com\/view\/10.1093\/ref:odnb\/9780198614128.001.0001\/odnb-9780198614128-e-93048"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,23]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ref:odnb\/93048","published":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,23]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T10:11:13Z","timestamp":1715940673560},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"The Classical Press of Wales","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctvvn9rn.22","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,15]],"date-time":"2018-05-15T21:01:48Z","timestamp":1526418108000},"page":"335-350","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["BIOGRAPHY IN LETTERS; BIOGRAPHY AND LETTERS"],"prefix":"10.2307","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Trapp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1121","container-title":["The Limits of Ancient Biography"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,22]],"date-time":"2018-05-22T18:15:12Z","timestamp":1527012912000},"score":12.594896,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/10.2307\/j.ctvvn9rn.22"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/j.ctvvn9rn.22"},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T05:06:40Z","timestamp":1769749600704,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Project MUSE","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"DOI":"10.1353\/bio.2019.0057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,15]],"date-time":"2019-12-15T09:00:49Z","timestamp":1576400449000},"page":"514-523","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["A Complaint Biography"],"prefix":"10.1353","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"147","container-title":["Biography"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,15]],"date-time":"2019-12-15T09:00:51Z","timestamp":1576400451000},"score":12.544639,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/muse.jhu.edu\/article\/742989"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1353\/bio.2019.0057","ISSN":["1529-1456"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1529-1456","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T09:57:53Z","timestamp":1770285473107,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Project MUSE","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"DOI":"10.1353\/bio.2016.0019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,31]],"date-time":"2016-07-31T13:00:28Z","timestamp":1469970028000},"page":"iii-xvi","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Verse Biography: Introduction"],"prefix":"10.1353","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Jackson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"147","container-title":["Biography"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,31]],"date-time":"2016-07-31T13:00:28Z","timestamp":1469970028000},"score":12.538009,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/muse.jhu.edu\/article\/627408"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1353\/bio.2016.0019","ISSN":["1529-1456"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1529-1456","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T10:55:23Z","timestamp":1715511323605},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780198703013","type":"print"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"abstract":"<p>This chapter studies direct and indirect influences of classical and late antique biographical forms and contents on Byzantine biographical writing. Both the main characteristics of Byzantine biographical writing and the richness of forms and contents become clear. The influence of the <italic>vita\/bios<\/italic> on other (even non-biographical) genres and the concomitant biographization are noted. Biography has to be interesting, edifying, and entertaining. \u2018Adventures\u2019 are an important element as is the constant movement of the heroes. Indeed, a recurrent topic is the hero\u2019s flight and other people\u2019s pursuit of him. It is remarkable that there are so many biographies of people from the provinces who came to Constantinople for various reasons. Constantinople itself is an important point of reference in many biographies, as is the emperor or the patriarch. Education and learning, too, play a significant role. The specific characteristics of Byzantine biography, however, still remain vague. A lot of further scholarly work needs to be done before the <italic>art<\/italic> of biography can be properly understood.<\/p>","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780198703013.013.42","type":"reference-entry","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]],"date-time":"2021-01-15T05:40:58Z","timestamp":1610689258000},"page":"529-546","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Byzantine Biography"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Martin","family":"Hinterberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]]},"container-title":["The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Biography"],"original-title":["Byzantine Biography"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T19:22:23Z","timestamp":1659468143000},"score":12.473187,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edited-volume\/34466\/chapter\/292442397"}},"editor":[{"given":"Koen","family":"De Temmerman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"ISBN":["9780198703013"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780198703013.013.42","published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T22:09:38Z","timestamp":1684966178796},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Project MUSE","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"DOI":"10.1353\/bio.2018.0062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,9]],"date-time":"2018-12-09T14:00:59Z","timestamp":1544364059000},"page":"613-629","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["French Television and Political Biography"],"prefix":"10.1353","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"R\u00e9mi","family":"Fontanel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"147","container-title":["Biography"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,9]],"date-time":"2018-12-09T14:01:05Z","timestamp":1544364065000},"score":12.430656,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/muse.jhu.edu\/article\/711203"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1353\/bio.2018.0062","ISSN":["1529-1456"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1529-1456","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T22:14:25Z","timestamp":1684966465751},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Project MUSE","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1353\/bio.2020.0035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,21]],"date-time":"2021-02-21T14:07:53Z","timestamp":1613916473000},"page":"407-429","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Biography in Contemporary France"],"prefix":"10.1353","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Joanny","family":"Moulin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"147","container-title":["Biography"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,21]],"date-time":"2021-02-21T14:08:01Z","timestamp":1613916481000},"score":12.417833,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/muse.jhu.edu\/article\/781996"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1353\/bio.2020.0035","ISSN":["1529-1456"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1529-1456","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T14:55:46Z","timestamp":1763564146002},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780198703013","type":"print"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"abstract":"<p>This chapter assesses Jewish biography. Jews have produced a rich literature in Hebrew, included in the Hebrew Bible, as well as works now lost. After the conquests of Alexander and their coming into the orbit of classical civilization, Jews also contributed to Greek literature, mainly in two forms. First, the Pentateuch and then the other books of the Hebrew Bible were translated into Greek (the Septuagint). Second, they produced a copious literature in Greek, intent on conforming to the language, styles, and genres of Greek literature, but true to their own traditions, concerns, and beliefs (Jewish-Hellenistic literature). This chapter analyses the biographical elements in the Hebrew Bible and addresses the few biographical and autobiographical works of Jewish-Hellenistic literature. It is only the two Hellenized Jews, Philo of Alexandria and the historian Josephus, who produced Jewish biographies and an autobiography, while Herod\u2019s memoirs belong here only insofar as the king was a Jew.<\/p>","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780198703013.013.5","type":"reference-entry","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]],"date-time":"2021-01-15T05:39:34Z","timestamp":1610689174000},"page":"57-71","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Jewish Biography"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Joseph","family":"Geiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]]},"container-title":["The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Biography"],"original-title":["Jewish Biography"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T19:22:05Z","timestamp":1659468125000},"score":12.4057455,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edited-volume\/34466\/chapter\/292430824"}},"editor":[{"given":"Koen","family":"De Temmerman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"ISBN":["9780198703013"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780198703013.013.5","published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,2]],"date-time":"2022-04-02T22:21:44Z","timestamp":1648938104017},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"De Gruyter","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,7]]},"DOI":"10.1515\/9783110516678-041","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,5]],"date-time":"2017-08-05T10:01:40Z","timestamp":1501927300000},"page":"256-262","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["From \u2018Anti-Biography\u2019 to Online Biography?"],"prefix":"10.1515","member":"374","container-title":["Biography in Theory"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/book\/9783110516678\/10.1515\/9783110516678-041.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/9783110516678-041\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]],"date-time":"2021-04-21T00:22:50Z","timestamp":1618964570000},"score":12.385607,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/9783110516678-041\/html"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,7]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9783110516678-041","published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,7]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T10:55:20Z","timestamp":1715511320609},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780198703013","type":"print"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"abstract":"<p>This chapter studies Syriac biographical writing. Biography is a Greek word and concept for which there is no Syriac equivalent. Yet authors wrote Lives in Syriac as in any other Christian tradition and were aware of the specific features of the genre. The chapter assesses if that makes a difference to the matter of understanding and construing biographical literature, that is, if there is a Syriac specificity in writing Lives compared to other Christian literature. Syriac, moreover, is a language in which Lives were both translated and composed, and circulated widely from one language to another, crossing cultural and ecclesiastical boundaries. Indeed, life-writing is an exceptionally rich field of Syriac literature, attested in an extraordinarily broad geographical scope, well beyond the frontiers of the Roman Empire. Beyond translations, the issue is one of adaptation and reception of these texts in different cultural and religious milieus.<\/p>","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780198703013.013.33","type":"reference-entry","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]],"date-time":"2021-01-15T05:40:18Z","timestamp":1610689218000},"page":"400-416","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Syriac Biography"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Muriel","family":"Debi\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]]},"container-title":["The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Biography"],"original-title":["Syriac Biography"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T19:22:19Z","timestamp":1659468139000},"score":12.369185,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edited-volume\/34466\/chapter\/292439597"}},"editor":[{"given":"Koen","family":"De Temmerman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"ISBN":["9780198703013"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780198703013.013.33","published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T10:55:13Z","timestamp":1715511313355},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780198703013","type":"print"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"abstract":"<p>Ancient popular biographies are distinguished by a set of common characteristics: primacy of content over form, simple one-dimensional characterization, a non-organic accumulative structure, circulation in variant versions, wide appeal across space and time, and heavy dependence on oral storytelling materials. The various traditions regarding the Seven Sages current in classical Greece were a form of collective popular oral biography of this group and influenced later biographical compositions significantly. The protagonists of these stories are often shown in roles typically found in the folktale repertoire. The <italic>Life of Aesop<\/italic> is an exemplary representative of popular biography. It combines old legends about Aesop, anecdotes borrowed from other cultural traditions, pieces of wisdom literature, and widespread folktales. It incorporates many specimens of folk genres (fables, scabrous novellas, proverbs, riddles) and reproduces the structure of Aesopic fables on a magnified scale. Other biographical compositions containing such popular elements (<italic>Life of Secundus, Alexander Romance<\/italic>, Lives of Homer) are also briefly discussed.<\/p>","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780198703013.013.4","type":"reference-entry","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]],"date-time":"2021-01-15T05:38:08Z","timestamp":1610689088000},"page":"44-57","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Popular Biography"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Ioannis M.","family":"Konstantakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]]},"container-title":["The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Biography"],"original-title":["Popular Biography"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T19:22:05Z","timestamp":1659468125000},"score":12.344165,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edited-volume\/34466\/chapter\/292430582"}},"editor":[{"given":"Koen","family":"De Temmerman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"ISBN":["9780198703013"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780198703013.013.4","published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T10:55:18Z","timestamp":1715511318722},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780198703013","type":"print"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"abstract":"<p>This chapter examines the Arabic biographical tradition. The genre of biographical writing is a celebrated, multifaceted, and widely practised field of Arabic literature. Basic forms of biographical compilation can be shown from the first century of Islam (seventh century), initially orally transmitted and later in writing. The Arabic biographical tradition was mainly developed from within Islam, to which it owes its noticeable character. It probably originated from the earnest aspiration of generations following the initial period to preserve knowledge about the central figures of that era. For that reason, biographical transmission, initially, was a highly religion-orientated discipline. Nevertheless, or perhaps even due to this stimulus, there developed a huge field of different biographical genres and specialized life-writing.<\/p>","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780198703013.013.34","type":"reference-entry","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]],"date-time":"2021-01-15T05:39:03Z","timestamp":1610689143000},"page":"446-459","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Arabic Biography"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Faustina","family":"Doufikar-Aerts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]]},"container-title":["The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Biography"],"original-title":["Arabic Biography"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T19:22:20Z","timestamp":1659468140000},"score":12.310869,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edited-volume\/34466\/chapter\/292440475"}},"editor":[{"given":"Koen","family":"De Temmerman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"ISBN":["9780198703013"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780198703013.013.34","published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T10:55:21Z","timestamp":1715511321167},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780198703013","type":"print"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"abstract":"<p>This chapter addresses Christian biography. The Christian biographical tradition is simultaneously fundamental to the early Church and also fundamentally different from Graeco-Roman biographical traditions. This difference emerges from the distinctive discourse of the canonical gospels. These foundational texts were not <italic>sui generis<\/italic> across the board in terms of form and genre, but their distinctive discourse and their devotion to narrative as a standard of orthodoxy, combined with their role as historical and theological authorities in the Church, gave them a paradigmatic status never held by Graeco-Roman\u2014or even most Jewish\u2014biographies in their own reception histories. The chapter traces this influence by means of comparison with various genres that arose subsequent to the canonical gospels and with direct reference to them: apocryphal literature, saints\u2019 Lives, and miracle collections, among others.<\/p>","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780198703013.013.6","type":"reference-entry","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]],"date-time":"2021-01-15T05:40:46Z","timestamp":1610689246000},"page":"71-83","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Christian Biography"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Scott Fitzgerald","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]]},"container-title":["The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Biography"],"original-title":["Christian 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