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International Environmental Agreements (IEAs) respond to transnational environmental problems associated with the use of environmental resources such as, for example, water resources in international river basins, transboundary oil and gas fields, fisheries in international waters or harvesting of migratory fish, and also transboundary pollution of water and air. An important strand of the literature deals with international climate agreements focusing on reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases. In general, IEAs address transboundary externalities and international public goods. Economic analyses of IEAs have employed game theory to explore the scope for international cooperation to resolve transboundary problems. Game theory considers the strategic situation that decision makerss face. A game specifies players, their strategies, and their payoffs under any possible course of action. It is generally assumed that players will act rationally, seeking to maximize their payoff. 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\u201cEconomics of fisheries\u201d is a field of economic research that has developed since the mid-1950s. The core of the research in its early stage was to find conditions for optimal exploitation of fish stocks over time. The purpose is to inform policymakers about harvest levels that maximize net present value of the fish stock. At the same time, the fundamental insight was developed that in absence of effective regulation or collective control over harvest behavior the fish stocks tend to be overexploited from both a biological and economical point of view. In many instances, the fish stock is a common-pool resource with lack of well-defined property rights over the in situ resource. In the open access fishery, in which there are not any enforceable property rights, the competition will lead to a zero rent situation. So, development of regulation theory and application hereof has been a central research theme. 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