{"status":"ok","message-type":"work-list","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"facets":{},"total-results":3661052,"items":[{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T13:01:45Z","timestamp":1772542905659,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"BRILL","isbn-type":[{"value":"9789047402350","type":"electronic"},{"value":"9789004131491","type":"print"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1163\/9789047402350","type":"monograph","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]],"date-time":"2021-08-14T22:15:46Z","timestamp":1628979346000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Carolingians in Central Europe, their History, Arts and Architecture"],"prefix":"10.1163","author":[{"given":"Herbert","family":"Schutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/title\/8301","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/title\/8301","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/title\/8301","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T02:31:48Z","timestamp":1755397908000},"score":23.332565,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/title\/8301"}},"subtitle":["A Cultural History of Central Europe, 750-900"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"ISBN":["9789047402350","9789004131491"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789047402350","published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T15:45:16Z","timestamp":1660837516121},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Central European Academic Publishing","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This chapter is concerned with the development of international relations, international cooperation, and international law in Central Europe from the beginning of the Middle Ages up until present times. The topic encompasses the relationship between international and constitutional law. While the first centuries of the Middle Ages can be characterized as a struggle between imperial universalism (the Frankish empire and the German\u2013Roman empire), beginning in the 12 th century, it was the particularism of Central European countries like Poland and Hungary (and particularism within the German\u2013Roman empire) that set the pace. Various particular units, however, often integrated into larger unions, united as personal or (later) real unions. In the case of Hungary and the Czech lands, the idea of Crown lands was created in order to express unity among various countries with different levels of integration. Among many unions, the Habsburg empire proved to be very successful and viable and led many unification attempts toward the Austrian\u2013Hungarian Compromise of 1867. Dualistic statehood lasted for half a century, and after the First World War, it was replaced by a newly organized Central Europe, with new states, new borders, and a new system of international security. Versailles peace, however, resulted in new controversies and new hostile relations in the late 1930s. After Anschlu\u00df of Austria and especially the Munich Treaty (1938), the Versailles system in Central Europe was definitively gone. A new order was set after the end of the Second World War, when Central Europe became part of the Soviet bloc. This lasted until 1989, when the Soviet-controlled regimes in Central Europe ceased to exist and Central Europe started to integrate with structures of the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.54171\/2022.ps.loecelh_7","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T15:23:31Z","timestamp":1660836211000},"page":"147-165","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The History of International Cooperation and Integrations in East Central Europe"],"prefix":"10.54171","author":[{"given":"Miroslav","family":"Lys\u00fd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"32521","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"container-title":["Legal Studies on Central Europe","Lectures on East Central European Legal History"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T15:23:40Z","timestamp":1660836220000},"score":22.713634,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/real.mtak.hu\/146476\/"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54171\/2022.ps.loecelh_7","ISSN":["2786-359X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2786-359X","type":"print"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T16:52:03Z","timestamp":1755795123309,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"BRILL","isbn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"9789047402350"},{"type":"print","value":"9789004131491"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1163\/9789047402350_010","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,29]],"date-time":"2023-01-29T22:57:59Z","timestamp":1675033079000},"page":"369-390","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Conclusion"],"prefix":"10.1163","author":[{"given":"Herbert","family":"Schutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","container-title":["The Carolingians in Central Europe, their History, Arts and Architecture"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/B9789047402350_s010.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/title\/8301","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T02:31:50Z","timestamp":1755397910000},"score":22.693113,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/B9789047402350_s010.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"ISBN":["9789047402350","9789004131491"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789047402350_010","published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T16:50:57Z","timestamp":1755795057154,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"BRILL","isbn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"9789047402350"},{"type":"print","value":"9789004131491"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1163\/9789047402350_012","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,29]],"date-time":"2023-01-29T22:57:59Z","timestamp":1675033079000},"page":"397-407","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Index"],"prefix":"10.1163","author":[{"given":"Herbert","family":"Schutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","container-title":["The Carolingians in Central Europe, their History, Arts and Architecture"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/back-2.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/title\/8301","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T02:31:49Z","timestamp":1755397909000},"score":22.687754,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/back-2.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"ISBN":["9789047402350","9789004131491"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789047402350_012","published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T16:52:14Z","timestamp":1755795134418,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"BRILL","isbn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"9789047402350"},{"type":"print","value":"9789004131491"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1163\/9789047402350_005","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,29]],"date-time":"2023-01-29T22:57:59Z","timestamp":1675033079000},"page":"xxix-xxxi","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Acknowledgements"],"prefix":"10.1163","author":[{"given":"Herbert","family":"Schutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","container-title":["The Carolingians in Central Europe, their History, Arts and Architecture"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/front-5.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/title\/8301","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T02:31:49Z","timestamp":1755397909000},"score":22.681723,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/front-5.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"ISBN":["9789047402350","9789004131491"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789047402350_005","published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T16:50:40Z","timestamp":1755795040570,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"BRILL","isbn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"9789047402350"},{"type":"print","value":"9789004131491"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1163\/9789047402350_006","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,29]],"date-time":"2023-01-29T22:57:59Z","timestamp":1675033079000},"page":"1-16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Introduction"],"prefix":"10.1163","author":[{"given":"Herbert","family":"Schutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","container-title":["The Carolingians in Central Europe, their History, Arts and Architecture"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/B9789047402350_s006.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/title\/8301","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T02:31:50Z","timestamp":1755397910000},"score":22.663338,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/B9789047402350_s006.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"ISBN":["9789047402350","9789004131491"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789047402350_006","published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T16:51:23Z","timestamp":1755795083345,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"BRILL","isbn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"9789047402350"},{"type":"print","value":"9789004131491"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1163\/9789047402350_004","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,29]],"date-time":"2023-01-29T22:57:59Z","timestamp":1675033079000},"page":"xxiii-xxvii","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Foreword"],"prefix":"10.1163","author":[{"given":"Herbert","family":"Schutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","container-title":["The Carolingians in Central Europe, their History, Arts and Architecture"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/front-4.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/title\/8301","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T02:31:49Z","timestamp":1755397909000},"score":22.65887,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/front-4.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"ISBN":["9789047402350","9789004131491"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789047402350_004","published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T16:50:56Z","timestamp":1755795056525,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"BRILL","isbn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"9789047402350"},{"type":"print","value":"9789004131491"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1163\/9789047402350_001","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,29]],"date-time":"2023-01-29T22:57:59Z","timestamp":1675033079000},"page":"i-viii","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preliminary Material"],"prefix":"10.1163","author":[{"given":"Herbert","family":"Schutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","container-title":["The Carolingians in Central Europe, their History, Arts and Architecture"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/front-1.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/title\/8301","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T02:31:48Z","timestamp":1755397908000},"score":22.549175,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/front-1.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"ISBN":["9789047402350","9789004131491"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789047402350_001","published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T16:52:12Z","timestamp":1755795132930,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"BRILL","isbn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"9789047402350"},{"type":"print","value":"9789004131491"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1163\/9789047402350_011","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,29]],"date-time":"2023-01-29T22:57:59Z","timestamp":1675033079000},"page":"391-395","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Selected Bibliography"],"prefix":"10.1163","author":[{"given":"Herbert","family":"Schutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","container-title":["The Carolingians in Central Europe, their History, Arts and Architecture"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/back-1.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/title\/8301","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T02:31:48Z","timestamp":1755397908000},"score":22.49317,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/back-1.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"ISBN":["9789047402350","9789004131491"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789047402350_011","published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T16:51:21Z","timestamp":1755795081678,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"BRILL","isbn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"9789047402350"},{"type":"print","value":"9789004131491"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1163\/9789047402350_003","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,29]],"date-time":"2023-01-29T22:57:59Z","timestamp":1675033079000},"page":"xxi-xxi","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["List of Maps"],"prefix":"10.1163","author":[{"given":"Herbert","family":"Schutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","container-title":["The Carolingians in Central Europe, their History, Arts and Architecture"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/front-3.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/title\/8301","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T02:31:48Z","timestamp":1755397908000},"score":22.38519,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/front-3.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"ISBN":["9789047402350","9789004131491"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789047402350_003","published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T16:50:40Z","timestamp":1755795040687,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"BRILL","isbn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"9789047402350"},{"type":"print","value":"9789004131491"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1163\/9789047402350_007","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,29]],"date-time":"2023-01-29T22:57:59Z","timestamp":1675033079000},"page":"17-134","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Carolingian Realms"],"prefix":"10.1163","author":[{"given":"Herbert","family":"Schutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","container-title":["The Carolingians in Central Europe, their History, Arts and Architecture"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/B9789047402350_s007.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/title\/8301","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T02:31:49Z","timestamp":1755397909000},"score":22.375353,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/B9789047402350_s007.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"ISBN":["9789047402350","9789004131491"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789047402350_007","published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T16:51:32Z","timestamp":1755795092790,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"BRILL","isbn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"9789047402350"},{"type":"print","value":"9789004131491"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1163\/9789047402350_002","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,29]],"date-time":"2023-01-29T22:57:59Z","timestamp":1675033079000},"page":"ix-xx","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["List of Illustrations"],"prefix":"10.1163","author":[{"given":"Herbert","family":"Schutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","container-title":["The Carolingians in Central Europe, their History, Arts and Architecture"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/front-2.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/title\/8301","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T02:31:49Z","timestamp":1755397909000},"score":22.373589,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/front-2.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"ISBN":["9789047402350","9789004131491"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789047402350_002","published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T16:50:40Z","timestamp":1755795040995,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"BRILL","isbn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"9789047402350"},{"type":"print","value":"9789004131491"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1163\/9789047402350_009","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,29]],"date-time":"2023-01-29T22:57:59Z","timestamp":1675033079000},"page":"323-368","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Palaces and Basilicas"],"prefix":"10.1163","author":[{"given":"Herbert","family":"Schutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","container-title":["The Carolingians in Central Europe, their History, Arts and Architecture"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/B9789047402350_s009.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/title\/8301","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T02:31:50Z","timestamp":1755397910000},"score":22.283014,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/B9789047402350_s009.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"ISBN":["9789047402350","9789004131491"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789047402350_009","published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T16:50:57Z","timestamp":1755795057134,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"BRILL","isbn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"9789047402350"},{"type":"print","value":"9789004131491"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1163\/9789047402350_008","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,29]],"date-time":"2023-01-29T22:57:59Z","timestamp":1675033079000},"page":"135-322","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Books, Gems and Ivories"],"prefix":"10.1163","author":[{"given":"Herbert","family":"Schutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","container-title":["The Carolingians in Central Europe, their History, Arts and Architecture"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/B9789047402350_s008.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/title\/8301","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T02:31:49Z","timestamp":1755397909000},"score":22.132135,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789047402350\/B9789047402350_s008.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"ISBN":["9789047402350","9789004131491"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789047402350_008","published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T04:26:03Z","timestamp":1648527963580},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Central Europe"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"DOI":"10.1179\/147909611x13164249562973","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,15]],"date-time":"2011-11-15T09:06:38Z","timestamp":1321347998000},"page":"142-149","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Reflections on the<i>History of Literary Cultures of East-Central Europe<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"John","family":"Neubauer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,18]]},"container-title":["Central Europe"],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1179\/147909611X13164249562973","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,11]],"date-time":"2016-12-11T20:05:47Z","timestamp":1481486747000},"score":22.127773,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1179\/147909611X13164249562973"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1179\/147909611X13164249562973"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1179\/147909611x13164249562973","ISSN":["1479-0963","1745-8218"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1479-0963","type":"print"},{"value":"1745-8218","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,2]],"date-time":"2022-04-02T20:42:16Z","timestamp":1648932136209},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Purdue University Press","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,6,1]]},"DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctt9qh114.11","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]],"date-time":"2020-10-13T23:14:34Z","timestamp":1602630874000},"page":"178-210","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["REGIONS IN CENTRAL EUROPE UNDER COMMUNISM:"],"prefix":"10.2307","author":[{"given":"Kristian","family":"Gerner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1121","container-title":["Regions in Central Europe"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]],"date-time":"2020-10-13T23:14:42Z","timestamp":1602630882000},"score":22.082907,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/10.2307\/j.ctt9qh114.11"}},"subtitle":["A PALIMPSEST"],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,6,1]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/j.ctt9qh114.11","published":{"date-parts":[[1999,6,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T00:39:42Z","timestamp":1715906382811},"edition-number":"2","reference-count":0,"publisher":"Central European Academic Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9786156474346","type":"print"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The chapter deals with the development of international relations, international cooperation and international law in central Europe since the beginning of Middle Ages until present times. The topic exceeds as far as to the relation between international and constitutional law. While we could characterize the first centuries of the Middle Ages as a struggle between imperial universalism (Frankish empire, German-Roman empire), since 12th century it was the particularism of central European countries like Poland and Hungary (and the particularism within German-Roman empire) that set pace. Various particular units, however, often integrated into larger unions, united as personal or (later) real unions. In case of Hungary and Czech lands, the idea of Crown lands was created in order to express the unity of various countries with a different level of integration. Among many unions it was the case of Habsburg empire that proved itself as very successful and viable and lead across many unifying attempts into the Austrian-Hungarian compromise of 1867. Dualistic statehood lasted half a century and after the World War I it was replaced by new organized central Europe, with new states, new borders and new system of international security. The character of Versailles Peace, however, resulted in new controversies and new hostile relations during late 1930s. After Anschlu\u00df of Austria and especially the Munich treaty (1938), the Versailles system in central Europe was definitively gone. A new order was set after the end of World War II, when central Europe had become a part of the Soviet bloc. This lasted until 1989, when the Soviet-controlled regimes in Central Europe ceased to exist and Central Europe started to integrate with the structures of the European Union and NATO.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.54171\/2023.ps.loecelh_7","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T08:22:04Z","timestamp":1715847724000},"page":"171-192","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The History of International Cooperation and Integrations in East Central Europe"],"prefix":"10.54171","author":[{"given":"Miroslav","family":"Lys\u00fd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"32521","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"container-title":["Legal Studies on Central Europe","Lectures on East Central European Legal History (Second, Enlarged Edition)"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/real.mtak.hu\/194662\/1\/CEA%20LSCE_Chapter%206_Lys%C3%BD.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T08:22:16Z","timestamp":1715847736000},"score":22.029383,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/real.mtak.hu\/194662\/"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"ISBN":["9786156474346"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54171\/2023.ps.loecelh_7","ISSN":["2786-359X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2786-359X","type":"print"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,11]],"date-time":"2023-03-11T05:43:48Z","timestamp":1678513428540},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Nordic Academic Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9789187121616","type":"electronic"},{"value":"9789189116146","type":"print"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.2307\/jj.919500.11","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]],"date-time":"2023-03-10T20:25:08Z","timestamp":1678479908000},"page":"349-398","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Central Europe and the Empires \u2013 Full Circle in History"],"prefix":"10.2307","author":[{"given":"Kristian","family":"Gerner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1121","container-title":["Europe"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]],"date-time":"2023-03-10T20:25:31Z","timestamp":1678479931000},"score":21.96893,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/10.2307\/jj.919500.11"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]]},"ISBN":["9789187121616","9789189116146"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/jj.919500.11","published":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T19:16:26Z","timestamp":1715368586072},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Princeton University Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780691164946","type":"print"},{"value":"9780691189673","type":"electronic"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,10]]},"abstract":"<p>This chapter explains that it took a third seismic event to enact full emancipation in central Europe. Within a little over two decades, the creation of the Dual Monarchy and the unifications of Germany and Italy completed what the two previous revolutions had begun: they sufficiently dismantled the corporate and confessional state to begin creating civil societies and constitutional monarchies, however imperfect. The three developments were intimately related. Piedmont and Prussia both took to the battlefield to overcome Habsburg opposition to unification; Piedmont's success guided Prussia's ambitions. In turn, the Habsburg Empire's shattering defeats forced its restructuring. The very nature of those three developments entailed new complications. Unification and restructuring left multiple forms of inequality intact and created new ones. The struggle for equality continued in a \u201cpost-emancipation\u201d guise. The German Empire introduced a new dualism between the federal constitution and state laws that left aspects of the Jews' status in contention and inherited forms of discrimination in place. Meanwhile, the new Kingdom of Italy had seized the Papal States; the Church opposed its very foundation. As one of the kingdom's beneficiaries, Jews became targets of intense Church opposition. Ultimately, the new Dual Monarchy unleashed competing nationalisms. Jews were caught in the conflict between various recognized \u201cpeoples\u201d without the advantage of being one.<\/p>","DOI":"10.23943\/princeton\/9780691164946.003.0015","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]],"date-time":"2020-05-21T16:27:21Z","timestamp":1590078441000},"page":"172-188","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Central Europe, 1850\u20131871"],"prefix":"10.23943","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Sorkin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"10341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]]},"container-title":["Jewish Emancipation"],"original-title":["Central Europe, 1850\u20131871"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,28]],"date-time":"2022-07-28T14:43:39Z","timestamp":1659019419000},"score":21.95273,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/princeton-scholarship-online\/book\/33984\/chapter\/288863116"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,10]]},"ISBN":["9780691164946","9780691189673"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23943\/princeton\/9780691164946.003.0015","relation":{"is-identical-to":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2307\/j.ctvdmx0kk.18","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,10]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T19:16:28Z","timestamp":1715368588660},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Princeton University Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780691164946","type":"print"},{"value":"9780691189673","type":"electronic"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,10]]},"abstract":"<p>This chapter discusses how partial emancipation in the German states and Habsburg lands yielded varied and inconsistent statuses. Restrictions on population and residential rights were the basic holdover from the <italic>ancien r\u00e9gime<\/italic>: Baden's denial of local citizenship, Bavaria's <italic>Matrikel<\/italic>, Bohemia's and Moravia's <italic>Familiantengesetz<\/italic>. Posen's two-tier system\u2014\u201cnaturalized\u201d and \u201ctolerated\u201d\u2014also echoed the <italic>ancien r\u00e9gime<\/italic>. These restrictions were the chief objects of the Jews' protests; they were also the chief impetus for emigration. Moreover, partial rights inspired public discussions of the Jews' regeneration in which Judaism was front and center. Although a vehement liberal opposition to emancipation was conspicuous, the tide began to turn in the 1830s and 1840s. Some liberals abandoned the policy of conditional emancipation or regeneration for rights; they instead embraced unconditional emancipation based on the principle of equality.<\/p>","DOI":"10.23943\/princeton\/9780691164946.003.0013","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]],"date-time":"2020-05-21T16:33:09Z","timestamp":1590078789000},"page":"148-161","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Central Europe, 1815\u20131847"],"prefix":"10.23943","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Sorkin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"10341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]]},"container-title":["Jewish Emancipation"],"original-title":["Central Europe, 1815\u20131847"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,28]],"date-time":"2022-07-28T14:43:38Z","timestamp":1659019418000},"score":21.945862,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/princeton-scholarship-online\/book\/33984\/chapter\/288862394"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,10]]},"ISBN":["9780691164946","9780691189673"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23943\/princeton\/9780691164946.003.0013","relation":{"is-identical-to":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2307\/j.ctvdmx0kk.16","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,10]]}}],"items-per-page":20,"query":{"start-index":0,"search-terms":"History+of+Central+Europe"}}}