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Possibilities of water solubilization, dissolved and dispersed in hydrocarbons, their mixtures as well as fractions, and petroleum products were analyzed. With the help of turbidimetric measurements, surfactants and mixtures of surfactants with the highest water solubilization capacity in fuels were selected. Different methods of dewatering of distillate fractions, gasolines, and diesel fuels with the use of coalescing partitions were investigated. A number of barrier materials, methods of modifying the structure of the partition, and the hydrophilicity of glass fibers were tested, obtaining very good results in industrial applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.113215","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]],"date-time":"2024-03-06T14:14:35Z","timestamp":1709734475000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Water in Petroleum and Petroleum Products"],"prefix":"10.5772","author":[{"given":"Maciej","family":"Paczuski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"3774","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u0105czy\u0144ski A, Wi\u015bniewska-Goc\u0142owska B, G\u00f3ral M. Recommended liquid-liquid equilibrium data, part 1: Binary alkane - water systems. 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Progr. 79(1): 85."}],"container-title":["Petroleum Products"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]],"date-time":"2020-07-09T17:12:40Z","timestamp":1594314760000},"score":38.049397,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.taylorfrancis.com\/books\/9781498710794\/chapters\/10.1201\/9781498710794-19"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,22]]},"ISBN":["9780429086045"],"references-count":1,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1201\/9781498710794-19","published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,22]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]],"date-time":"2024-05-03T15:11:28Z","timestamp":1714749088192},"reference-count":3,"publisher":"Elsevier","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780750677219","type":"print"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]],"date-time":"2003-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1041379200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/b978-075067721-9\/50014-1","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,9]],"date-time":"2007-08-09T11:32:10Z","timestamp":1186659130000},"page":"476-492","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pricing Petroleum Products"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Surinder","family":"Parkash","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/B978-075067721-9\/50014-1_bib1","unstructured":"For the clOud point index for blending on a weight basis, refer to Table 11-15."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-075067721-9\/50014-1_bib2","unstructured":"Based on weight based viscosity blend index\/, I = 23.097 + 33.468 log10 log10(v + 0.8) where v = viscosity in centistokes (refer to Table 11-13)."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-075067721-9\/50014-1_bib3","unstructured":"Refer to Chapter 16, \u201cProduct Allocation\u201d for procedures to determine the retrospective DOP and allocated production."}],"container-title":["Refining Processes Handbook"],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:B9780750677219500141?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:B9780750677219500141?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,5]],"date-time":"2019-01-05T09:21:28Z","timestamp":1546680088000},"score":37.880733,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/B9780750677219500141"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003]]},"ISBN":["9780750677219"],"references-count":3,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/b978-075067721-9\/50014-1","published":{"date-parts":[[2003]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T21:09:09Z","timestamp":1762808949014,"version":"3.37.3"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,27]]},"group-title":"EARTH SCIENCES","reference-count":0,"publisher":"MDPI AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,27]],"date-time":"2020-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601164800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Energy-related greenhouse gas emissions dominate the carbon footprints of most product systems, and petroleum is one of the main types of energy sources. This is consumed as a variety of refined products &amp;ndash; most notably diesel, petrol (gasoline) and jet fuel (kerosene). Refined product carbon footprints are of great importance to regulators, policymakers and environmental decision-makers. For instance, they are at the heart of legislation such as the European Union&amp;rsquo;s Renewable Energy Directive or the United States&amp;rsquo; Renewable Fuels Standard. This study identified 14 datasets that report footprints for the same system, European petroleum refining. For the main refined products &amp;ndash; diesel, petrol and jet fuel &amp;ndash; footprints vary by at least a factor of three. For minor products, the variation is even greater. Five different organs of the European Commission have estimated refining footprints: for main products these are relatively harmonic; for minor products much less so. The footprint variation is due mainly to differing approaches to refinery modelling, especially regarding the rationale and methods applied to assign shares of the total burden from the petroleum refinery operation to the individual products. Given the economic\/social importance of refined products, a better harmony of their footprints would be valuable to their users.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202009.0670.v1","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]],"date-time":"2020-09-28T01:07:19Z","timestamp":1601255239000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Modelling Variation in Petroleum Products\u2019 Refining Footprints"],"prefix":"10.20944","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8729-6147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7136-2357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carl","family":"Vadenbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1968","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]],"date-time":"2020-11-16T10:37:30Z","timestamp":1605523050000},"score":37.435173,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.preprints.org\/manuscript\/202009.0670\/v1"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,27]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20944\/preprints202009.0670.v1","relation":{"is-preprint-of":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3390\/su12229316","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,27]]},"subtype":"preprint"},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T00:36:03Z","timestamp":1762130163549,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"SPE","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This research presents an innovative technique for crude oil refining using electromagnetic waves at resonance frequencies of petroleum products, offering a cleaner and more efficient alternative to conventional thermal distillation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The method significantly reduces energy consumption and carbon emissions, with a compact modular design suitable for both onshore and offshore refineries, and can be seamlessly integrated into existing infrastructure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This approach represents a step toward sustainable and efficient refining, aligned with global decarburization efforts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>sustainable and efficient refining, aligned with global decarburization efforts<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2118\/230171-ms","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T00:33:07Z","timestamp":1762129987000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Refining Crude Oil into Petroleum Products by Using Electromagnetic Radiation Waves at the Resonance Frequencies of Petroleum Product"],"prefix":"10.2118","author":[{"given":"Ramadan Mohsen","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The petroleum projects and technical consultations Co. \"PETROJET\", Cairo, EGYPT."}]}],"member":"861","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"14","key":"2025110219330259200_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1080\/10916460701287607","article-title":"A Critical Review of Electromagnetic Heating for Enhanced Oil Recovery","volume":"26","author":"Chhetri","year":"2008","journal-title":"Petroleum Science and Technology"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025110219330259200_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4426","DOI":"10.1021\/ef300537e","article-title":"Study of Heavy Crude Oil Flows in Pipelines with Electromagnetic Heaters","volume":"26","author":"Dunia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Energy & Fuels"},{"issue":"03","key":"2025110219330259200_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.2118\/209194-PA","article-title":"Electromagnetic Heating for Heavy-Oil and Bitumen Recovery: Experimental, Numerical, and Pilot Studies","volume":"25","author":"Jamaloei","year":"2022","journal-title":"SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering"},{"key":"2025110219330259200_R4","volume-title":"Applied Petrochemical Research","author":"Microwave Treatment in Oil Refining","year":"2012"},{"key":"2025110219330259200_R5","author":"Vitel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microwave Magnetrons. Cambridge University Press, Chapter 15 in Microwave and RF Vacuum Electronic Power Sources"}],"event":{"name":"ADIPEC","location":"Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","acronym":"25ADIP","start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]]}},"container-title":["ADIPEC"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onepetro.org\/SPEADIP\/proceedings-pdf\/doi\/10.2118\/230171-MS\/5290087\/spe-230171-ms.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onepetro.org\/SPEADIP\/proceedings-pdf\/doi\/10.2118\/230171-MS\/5290087\/spe-230171-ms.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T00:33:08Z","timestamp":1762129988000},"score":37.354305,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onepetro.org\/SPEADIP\/proceedings\/25ADIP\/25ADIP\/D031S090R002\/793237"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]]},"references-count":5,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2118\/230171-ms","published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]]},"article-number":"D031S090R002"},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T13:23:29Z","timestamp":1765545809048,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"ASTM International100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9780803170223"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9780803186811"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Among all available transportation options, pipelining remains the most popular and customary method of moving hydrocarbon fluids from source to destination for in-land, near-shore, and industrial applications. In the petroleum industry, all producing wells are equipped with tubular fittings that bring wellstream fluids to the production facilities. For onshore and near-shore applications, pipelines are always the most recommendable option to transport fluids to the market. Pipelines are ubiquitous in all refineries and industrial facilities because they provide the connectivity that is needed among all process equipment. Pipeline transportation provides a versatility rarely found in other modes of transportation. Advances in pipeline engineering make it possible to place pipelines in many different environments, including desserts, ocean floors, forest, and mountain ranges. In this chapter, a comprehensive review of transportation of crude oil and natural gas is presented with detailed discussions that include available and applicable standards, design criteria and constraints, analysis of single-phase flow of liquids and gases and multiphase flow, network modeling and temperature effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1520\/mnl5820131213422","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,2]],"date-time":"2013-05-02T17:43:54Z","timestamp":1367516634000},"page":"549-575","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Transportation of Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Petroleum Products"],"prefix":"10.1520","author":[{"given":"Luis F.","family":"Ayala H.","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pennsylvania State University 1 , University Park, PA, US"}]}],"member":"381","reference":[{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c1","unstructured":"\u201cStatistical Review of World Energy,\u201d 2009, British Petroleum, www.bp.com."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c2","unstructured":"\u201cEIA\u2014Energy Information Administration,\u201d 2010, http:\/\/www.eia.doe.gov\/."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, X., and Economides, M., \u201cAdvanced Natural Gas Engineering,\u201d Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas, 2009.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-933762-38-8.50008-3"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c4","article-title":"Technology Options for Securing Markets for Remote Gas","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 87th Annual Convention of the Gas Producers Association","author":"Wood","year":"2008"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2118\/9781555631222-ch08","article-title":"Monetizing Stranded Gas","volume-title":"Petroleum Engineering Handbook, Vol. VI,","author":"Shah","year":"2007"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Makogon, Y.F., Holditch, S.A., and Makogon, T.Y., \u201cNatural Gas-Hydrates\u2014A Potential Energy Source for the 21st Century,\u201d J. Petrol. Sci. Eng., Vol. 56, 2007, pp. 14\u201331.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.petrol.2005.10.009"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c7","article-title":"Piping Components","volume-title":"Piping Handbook","author":"Geiger","year":"2000","edition":"7th ed."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/9780203911150","volume-title":"Piping and Pipeline Engineering","author":"Antaki","year":"2003"},{"volume-title":"Piping Systems & Pipeline: ASME Code Simplified","year":"2005","author":"Ellenberger","key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c9"},{"volume-title":"The Fundamentals of Piping Design","year":"2007","author":"Smith","key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c10"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c11","article-title":"Multiphase Flow in Wells","volume-title":"SPE Monograph","author":"Brill","year":"1999"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c12","unstructured":"Ferguson, J.W., \u201cA Mathematical Analysis of the Effect of Differences on Flow Formulae for Gas Pipe Lines,\u201d Gas Age, Vol. 78, 1936, pp. 72\u201376."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c13","volume-title":"Transport Phenomena","author":"Bird","year":"2002","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moody, L.F., \u201cFriction Factors for Pipe Flow,\u201d Trans. ASME, Vol. 66, 1944, pp. 671\u2013684.","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4018140"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Colebrook, C.F., \u201cTurbulent Flow in Pipes, with Particular Reference to the Transition Region between Smooth and Rough Pipe Laws,\u201d J. Inst. Civil Eng. London, Vol. 12, 1939, pp. 133\u2013156.","DOI":"10.1680\/ijoti.1939.13150"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, N.H., \u201cAn Explicit Equation for Friction Factor in Pipe,\u201d Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund., Vol. 18, 1979, p. 296\u2013297.","DOI":"10.1021\/i160071a019"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c17","volume-title":"Hydraulic Tables","author":"Hazen","year":"1933","edition":"3rd ed."},{"volume-title":"Hydraulics of Pipeline Systems","year":"2000","author":"Larock","key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c18"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c19","volume-title":"Pipeline Design and Construction","author":"Mohitpour","year":"2007","edition":"3rd ed."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/9780203021385","volume-title":"Liquid Pipeline Hydraulics","author":"Menon","year":"2004"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c21","unstructured":"Manning, R., \u201cOn the Flow of Water in Open Channels and Pipes,\u201d Trans. Inst. Civil Eng. Ireland, Vol. 20, 1891, pp. 161\u2013207."},{"article-title":"Flow of Natural Gas through High-Pressure Transmission Lines","year":"1935","author":"Johnson","key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c22"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weymouth, T.R., \u201cProblems in Natural Gas Engineering,\u201d Trans. ASME, Vol. 34, 1912, pp. 185\u2013206.","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4059982"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c24","unstructured":"Boyd, O.W., \u201cPetroleum Fluid Systems,\u201d Campbell Petroleum Series, Norman, OK, 1983."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c25","article-title":"Fluid Flow and Piping","volume-title":"GPSA Engineering Data Book","year":"2004","edition":"12th ed."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c26","unstructured":"AGA\u2014American Gas Association, Steady Flow in Gas Pipelines: Testing\/Measurement\/Behavior\/Computation, Institute of Gas Technology Technical Report 10, New York, 1965."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c27","unstructured":"Uhl, A.E., \u201cSteady Flow in Gas Pipelines,\u201d Pipe Line Industry, Vol. 25, Part 1, pp. 41\u201344 (August); Part 2, pp. 48\u201354 (September), 1966."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c28","unstructured":"Uhl, A.E., \u201cSteady Flow in Gas Pipelines,\u201d Pipe Line Industry, Vol. 26, 1967, Part 3: No 1, p. 45\u201348 (January); Part 4: No. 3, p. 56\u201358 (March); Part 5: No. 4, p. 74 (April)."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c29","unstructured":"Boyd, O.W., \u201cPetroleum Fluid Systems,\u201d Campbell Petroleum Series, Norman, OK, 1983."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420038224","article-title":"Gas Pipeline Hydraulics","author":"Menon","year":"2005"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2118\/9781555631161-ch09","article-title":"Piping and Pipelines","volume-title":"Petroleum Engineering Handbook, Vol. III","author":"Stevens III","year":"2007"},{"volume-title":"B31.8\u20142007 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems","year":"2007","key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c32"},{"volume-title":"Design and Installation of Marine Pipelines","year":"2005","author":"Braestrup","key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c33"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139163927","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Noise and Vibration for Engineers","author":"Norton","year":"2003","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c35","volume-title":"Surface Production Operations: Vol. 1: Design of Oil Handling Systems and Facilities","author":"Arnold","year":"1999","edition":"2nd ed."},{"volume-title":"Natural Gas Production Engineering","author":"Kelkar","key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c36"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shirazi, S.A., McLaury, B.S., Shadley, J.R., and Rybicki, E.F., \u201cGeneralization of the API RP 14E Guideline for Erosive Services,\u201d J. 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Technol., Vol. 44, 1992, pp. 538\u2013541.","DOI":"10.2118\/23835-PA"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c40","unstructured":"Baker, O., \u201cSimultaneous Flow of Oil and Gas,\u201d Oil & Gas J., Vol. 53, 1954, p. 185."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taitel, Y., and Dukler, A.E., \u201cA Model for Predicting Flow Regime Transitions in Horizontal and Near Horizontal Gas Liquid Flow,\u201d AIChE J., Vol. 22, 1976, pp. 47\u201355.","DOI":"10.1002\/aic.690220105"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taitel, Y., Barnea, D., and Dukler, A.E., \u201cModeling Flow Pattern Transitions for Steady Upward Gas-Liquid Flow in Vertical Tubes,\u201d AIChE J., Vol. 26, 1980, pp. 345\u2013354.","DOI":"10.1002\/aic.690260304"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barnea, D., \u201cA Unified Model for Predicting Flow-Pattern Transitions for the Whole Range of Pipe Inclinations,\u201d Int. J. Multiphase Flow, Vol. 13, 1987, pp. 1\u201312.","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-9322(87)90002-4"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c44","unstructured":"Lockart, R.W., and Martinelli, R.C., \u201cProposed Correlations of Data for Isothermal Two-Phase Two-Component Flow in Pipes,\u201d Chem. Eng. Prog., Vol. 45, 1949, pp. 39\u201348."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beggs, H.D., and Brill, J.P., \u201cA Study of Two-Phase Flow in Inclined Pipes,\u201d SPE Paper 4007, J. Petrol. Technol., Vol. 25, 1973, pp. 607\u2013617.","DOI":"10.2118\/4007-PA"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao, J.J., Shoham, O., and Brill, J.P., \u201cA Comprehensive Mechanistic Model for Two-Phase Flow in Pipelines,\u201d SPE Paper 20631 presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, September 23\u201326, 1990, New Orleans, LA.","DOI":"10.2118\/20631-MS"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ansari, A.M., Sylvester, N.D., Sarica, C., Shoham, O., and Brill, J.P., \u201cA Comprehensive Mechanistic Model for Upward Two-Phase Flow in Wellbores,\u201d SPE Paper 20630, SPE Prod. Facil. J., Vol. 9, 1994, pp. 143\u2013151.","DOI":"10.2118\/20630-PA"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaya, A.S., Sarica, C., and Brill, J.P., \u201cMechanistic Modeling of Two-Phase Flow in Deviated Wells,\u201d SPE Paper 72998, SPE Prod. Facil. J., Vol. 16, 2001, pp. 156\u2013165.","DOI":"10.2118\/72998-PA"},{"volume-title":"Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in Wellbores","year":"2002","author":"Hasan","key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c49"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2118\/9781555631079","volume-title":"Mechanistic Modeling of Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow in Pipes","author":"Shoham","year":"2006"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cross, H., \u201cAnalysis of Continuous Frames by Distributing Fixed-End Moments,\u201d Trans. ASCE, Vol. 96, 1932, pp. 1\u201310.","DOI":"10.1061\/TACEAT.0004333"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wood, D., and Carl, O.A., \u201cHydraulic Network Analysis Using Linear Theory,\u201d J. Hydraul. Div. ASCE, Vol. 98, 1972, pp. 1157\u20131170.","DOI":"10.1061\/JYCEAJ.0003348"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c53","volume-title":"Numerical Recipes in Fortran: The Art of Scientific Computing","author":"Press","year":"2007","edition":"3rd ed."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ayala\u2008H., L.F., and Leong, C.Y., \u201cA Robust Linear-Pressure Analog for the Analysis of Natural Gas Transportation Networks,\u201d J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng., manuscript submitted, 2012.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jngse.2013.06.008"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dranchuk, P.M., and Abou-Kassem, J.H., \u201cCalculation of Z-factors for Natural Gases Using Equations of State,\u201d Can. J. Petrol. Technol., Vol. 14, 1975, pp. 34\u201336.","DOI":"10.2118\/75-03-03"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c56","volume-title":"Production and Transport of Oil and Gas\u2014Part B, Developments in Petroleum Science","author":"Szilas","year":"1986","edition":"2nd ed."},{"article-title":"Simulation and Analysis of Gas Networks","year":"1987","author":"Osiadacz","key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c57"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c58","unstructured":"Alp, D., \u201cNumerical Modeling of Natural Gas Two-Phase Flow Split at Branching T-Junctions with Closed-Loop Network Applications,\u201d PhD Dissertation, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 2009."},{"article-title":"Natural Gas Engineering: Production and Storage","year":"1990","author":"Katz","key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c59"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c60","unstructured":"Coulter, D.M., \u201cNew Equation Accurately Predicts Flowing Gas Temperature,\u201d Pipeline Ind., Vol. 50, May, 1979, pp. 71\u201373."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c61","unstructured":"Coulter, D.M., and Bardon, M.F., \u201cRevised Equation Improves Flowing Gas Prediction,\u201d Oil & Gas J., Vol. 70, February, 1979, pp. 107\u2013108."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c62","unstructured":"Shorre, C.E., \u201cFlow Temperature in a Gas Pipeline,\u201d Oil & Gas J., Vol., 53, September, 1954, pp. 64\u201368."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c63","unstructured":"Forrest, J.A., \u201cInterpreting the Schorre Gas Temperature Equation,\u201d Pipeline Ind., Vol. 48, 1978, pp. 58\u201360."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramey, H.J., Jr., \u201cWellbore Heat Transmission,\u201d J. Petrol. Technol. Trans. of AIME, Vol. 14, 1962, pp. 427\u2013435.","DOI":"10.2118\/96-PA"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p549_c65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alves, I.N., Alhanati, F.J.S., and Shoham, O., \u201cA Unified Model for Predicting Flowing Temperature Distribution in Wellbores and Pipelines,\u201d SPE Paper 20632, SPE Prod. Eng., Vol. 7, 1992, pp. 363\u2013367.","DOI":"10.2118\/20632-PA"}],"container-title":["Petroleum Refining and Natural Gas Processing"],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.astm.org\/books\/book\/chapter-pdf\/23339\/10_1520_mnl5820131213422.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T19:17:31Z","timestamp":1750879051000},"score":37.318996,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.astm.org\/books\/book\/91\/chapter\/49661\/Transportation-of-Crude-Oil-Natural-Gas-and"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]]},"ISBN":["9780803170223","9780803186811"],"references-count":65,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1520\/mnl5820131213422","published":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T00:40:10Z","timestamp":1756773610337,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SPE","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Research Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>This research presents an innovative and unconventional method for refining crude oil at offshore production sites by applying electromagnetic radiation waves at the resonance frequencies specific to petroleum product molecules. Unlike conventional methods that rely on heat or catalytic agents, this technique leverages the selective energy absorption property of hydrocarbon compounds when exposed to electromagnetic waves matching the resonance frequency of each petroleum product. By targeting these specific frequencies, the energy is absorbed and converted into heat, leading to selective heating of crude oil components, followed by their evaporation, condensation, and separate collection into products such as gasoline, diesel, and kerosene.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Applying this method offshore offers several significant advantages, including eliminating the need to transport crude oil to onshore refineries, which reduces costs and the risk of spills. It also lowers the consumption of thermal energy used in conventional refining, thereby reducing carbon emissions. Furthermore, the use of compact magnetron units enables the design of low-profile, integrated refining units that can be installed on offshore platforms or floating facilities.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Achievements of that research<\/jats:title>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>The next phase to be carried out to complete the research includes the following<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Developing a refining module using magnetron units that will be manufactured based on the resonance frequencies identified in this research, in order to complete the study related to the production rates of each magnetron.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conducting a detailed cost comparison of construction, operation, and maintenance for a standard refining unit that can be scaled up to increase production, and comparing these costs with those associated with conventional refining using distillation towers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In conclusion, this research introduces a promising technology that could fundamentally transform offshore refining operations in terms of economic efficiency and environmental sustainability. Continued research and development are recommended to validate large-scale feasibility, improve energy efficiency, and enhance the frequency targeting accuracy for various petroleum products.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2118\/226737-ms","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T00:03:32Z","timestamp":1756771412000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Offshore Refining Crude Oil into Petroleum Products by Using Electromagnetic Radiation Waves at the Resonance Frequencies of Petroleum Products"],"prefix":"10.2118","author":[{"given":"Ramadan Mohsen","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The petroleum projects and technical consultations Co. \"PETROJET\", Cairo, EGYPT"}]}],"member":"861","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]]},"event":{"name":"SPE Offshore Europe Conference & Exhibition","location":"Aberdeen, Scotland, UK","acronym":"25OE","start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]]}},"container-title":["SPE Offshore Europe Conference &amp; Exhibition"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onepetro.org\/SPEOE\/proceedings-pdf\/doi\/10.2118\/226737-MS\/5249363\/spe-226737-ms.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onepetro.org\/SPEOE\/proceedings-pdf\/doi\/10.2118\/226737-MS\/5249363\/spe-226737-ms.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T00:03:32Z","timestamp":1756771412000},"score":37.279037,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onepetro.org\/SPEOE\/proceedings\/25OE\/25OE\/D031S012R004\/789373"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2118\/226737-ms","published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]]},"article-number":"D031S012R004"},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T14:47:02Z","timestamp":1723042022884},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"The TEHINFORM Publishing Centre","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MNP"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"DOI":"10.32758\/2071-5951-2019-0-03-12-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,10]],"date-time":"2019-04-10T08:36:27Z","timestamp":1554885387000},"page":"12-15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Process implementation of liquid-phase thermal cracking of high-viscosity oils"],"prefix":"10.32758","volume":"03","author":[{"name":"Institute of petroleum refining and petrochemistry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R.I.","family":"Khairudinov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.I.","family":"Bystrov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"name":"Institute of petroleum refining and petrochemistry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.A.","family":"Tikhonov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"name":"Institute of petroleum refining and petrochemistry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"I.R.","family":"Khairudinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"name":"Institute of petroleum refining and petrochemistry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"18044","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"container-title":["World of OIL Products the Oil Companies Bulletin"],"original-title":["\u0422\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0444\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u0444\u0442\u0435\u0439"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,10]],"date-time":"2019-04-10T08:36:28Z","timestamp":1554885388000},"score":37.01861,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.neftemir.ru\/modules\/news\/article.php?storyid=614"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"03","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32758\/2071-5951-2019-0-03-12-15","ISSN":["2071-5951"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2071-5951"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T03:38:46Z","timestamp":1758080326314,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SPE","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This research presents an innovative method for refining crude oil using electromagnetic waves tuned to the resonant frequencies of specific petroleum components. The approach offers a cleaner, more energy-efficient, and precise alternative to conventional distillation tower methods.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>The development of this technology was driven by the refining challenges faced by both onshore refinery stations and offshore platforms, including rising energy costs, environmental regulations, and space limitations. By selectively heating specific components of crude oil, the process reduces overall thermal energy consumption while enhancing the quality and yield of petroleum products.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Environmentally, the reduction in energy demand leads to lower carbon emissions, supporting sustainability and regulatory compliance. From a safety perspective, the compact size and lower height of the refining units reduce operational risks and improve the working environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2118\/227539-ms","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T18:38:15Z","timestamp":1758047895000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Refining Crude Oil into Petroleum Products by Using Electromagnetic Waves at the Resonance Frequencies of Petroleum Products"],"prefix":"10.2118","author":[{"given":"Ramadan Mohsen","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The petroleum projects and technical consultations Co. \"PETROJET\", Cairo, EGYPT"}]}],"member":"861","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"event":{"name":"Middle East Oil, Gas and Geosciences Show (MEOS GEO)","location":"Manama, Bahrain","acronym":"25MEOS","start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]]}},"container-title":["Middle East Oil, Gas and Geosciences Show (MEOS GEO)"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onepetro.org\/SPEMEOS\/proceedings-pdf\/doi\/10.2118\/227539-MS\/5261611\/spe-227539-ms.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onepetro.org\/SPEMEOS\/proceedings-pdf\/doi\/10.2118\/227539-MS\/5261611\/spe-227539-ms.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T18:38:15Z","timestamp":1758047895000},"score":36.859528,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onepetro.org\/SPEMEOS\/proceedings\/25MEOS\/25MEOS\/D021S065R003\/790357"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2118\/227539-ms","published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"article-number":"D021S065R003"},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T21:14:56Z","timestamp":1761513296117,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"ASTM International100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9780803170223"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9780803186811"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This chapter discusses basic properties and specifications of crude oil and refinery products and their significance in commercial applications. These properties include boiling point, density, viscosity, molecular type composition (paraffin, naphthene, aromatic content), elemental analysis, sulfur and metal contents, freezing point, carbon residue, pour point, flash point, cloud point, vapor pressure, flammability range, wax and asphaltene contents, octane number, cetane number, aniline point, and carbonto- hydrogen ratio. Not all of these properties are important for every product and usually additional specifications are required for each fuel, including, liquefied petroleum gas, gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, and fuel oil. For heavy products, properties such as viscosity, sulfur content, wax and asphaltene contents, and carbon residues are measured and reported. Specifications recommended for various fuels including biodiesels by standard organizations and manufacturers in the United States and Europe are also presented. Crude assay data include density, viscosity, sulfur content, acidity, metal content, and salt and water contents, and selected assays are presented for several crude oils around the world. Minimum laboratory data needed by designers and operators for crude oil refining and various products are also discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1520\/mnl5820131211604","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,2]],"date-time":"2013-05-02T17:43:54Z","timestamp":1367516634000},"page":"79-100","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Properties, Specifications, and Quality of Crude Oil and Petroleum Products"],"prefix":"10.1520","author":[{"given":"M. R.","family":"Riazi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kuwait University 1 , KW"}]},{"given":"Semih","family":"Eser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pennsylvania State University 2 , University Park, PA, US"}]}],"member":"381","reference":[{"volume-title":"Annual Book of ASTM Standards","year":"2005","key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c1"},{"article-title":"Characterization and Properties of Petroleum Fractions","year":"2005","author":"Riazi","key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c2"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c3","unstructured":"Private communication with James F. McGehee of UOP, Des Plaines, IL, May 21, 2009."},{"volume-title":"Annual Book of ASTM Standards","year":"2004","key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c4"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c5","volume-title":"API Technical Data Book\u2014Petroleum Refining","author":"Daubert","year":"1997","edition":"6th ed."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c6","volume-title":"The Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum","author":"Speight","year":"1998","edition":"3rd ed."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203907924","volume-title":"Petroleum Refining, Technology and Economics","author":"Gary","year":"2007","edition":"5th ed."},{"volume-title":"Petroleum Refining, Vol. 1 Crude Oil, Petroleum Products, Process Flowsheets","year":"1995","author":"Wauquier","key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c8"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c9","unstructured":"Baird, C.T., Crude Oil Yields and Product Properties, Geneva, Switzerland, 1981."},{"volume-title":"Lubricant Properties Analysis & Testing","year":"1997","author":"Denis","key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c10"},{"volume-title":"Oil and Gas Journal Data Book","year":"2000","key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c11"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c12","article-title":"Liquified Petroleum Gas","volume-title":"Fuels and Lubricants Handbook: Technology, Properties, Performance, and Testing","author":"Falkiner","year":"2003"},{"volume-title":"Liquified Petroleum Gas Specifications and Test Methods","year":"1997","key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c13"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c14","unstructured":"\u201cShell Autogas Properties,\u201d http:\/\/www.shell.com\/home\/content\/au-en\/shell_for_motorists\/fuels\/autogas\/autogas_properties_0821.html."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c15","unstructured":"\u201cGasoline,\u201d http:\/\/en.citizendium.org\/wiki\/Gasoline."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c16","unstructured":"\u201cCalifornia Reformulated Gasoline Phase 3 Specifications,\u201d http:\/\/www.arb.ca.gov\/fuels\/gasoline\/gasoline.htm."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c17","unstructured":"\u201cEuropean Union Norm EN 228 for Gasoline,\u201d http:\/\/www.biofuels-platform.ch\/en\/infos\/en228.php."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c18","unstructured":"\u201cACEA Worldwide Fuel Chapter,\u201d http:\/\/www.acea.be\/images\/uploads\/pub\/Final WWFC 4 Sep 2006.pdf."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c19","unstructured":"\u201cIndia Gasoline Specifications,\u201d http:\/\/www.apecconsulting.com\/PDF\/WebProductQualitySample.pdf."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c20","unstructured":"\u201cGasoline Specifications for Australia,\u201d http:\/\/www.environment.gov.au\/atmosphere\/fuelquality\/standards\/petrol\/index.html."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c21","unstructured":"\u201cNew Zealand Gasoline Specifications,\u201d http:\/\/www.med.govt.nz\/templates\/MultipageDocumentPage____10182.aspx#P437_17784."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c22","unstructured":"\u201cGasoline Specifications for Canada,\u201d http:\/\/www.visiondurable.com\/media\/pdf\/ressources\/etudes\/Fuel_Quality_in_Canada_-_Final_Report.pdf."},{"volume-title":"World Jet Fuel Specifications","year":"2008","author":"Warren","key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c23"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c24","unstructured":"Peckham, J., \u201cEuropean Commission Proposes 10 ppm ULSD Phase-In from 2007,\u201d http:\/\/findarticles.com\/p\/articles\/mi_m0CYH\/is_5_5\/ai_71836375\/."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c25","unstructured":"\u201cDiesel Fuel,\u201d http:\/\/www.adb.org\/Documents\/Guidelines\/Vehicle\u2026\/cf_ch04.pdf."},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c26","unstructured":"Peckham, J., \u201c2\/3 of World's Diesel Fuel Now Low-Sulfur: Infineum Survey,\u201d March 5, 2001, http:\/\/findarticles.com\/p\/articles\/mi_m0CYH\/is_5_5\/ai_718363363\/."},{"article-title":"Updating ISO 8217","year":"2005","author":"Fabrick","key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c27"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agrawal, A.K., Bajaj, T.P., \u201cProcess Optimisation of Base Catalysed Transesterification of Karanja Oil for Biodiesel Production,\u201d Int. J. Oil, Gas Coal Technol., Vol. 2, 2009, pp. 297\u2013310.","DOI":"10.1504\/IJOGCT.2009.028561"},{"key":"2025062515120327500_p79_c29","article-title":"Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Pitch, Petroleum Coke, and Carbon Materials","volume-title":"Fuels and Lubricants Handbook: Technology, Properties, Performance, and Testing","author":"Eser","year":"2003"}],"container-title":["Petroleum Refining and Natural Gas Processing"],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.astm.org\/books\/book\/chapter-pdf\/23321\/10_1520_mnl5820131211604.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T19:15:03Z","timestamp":1750878903000},"score":36.5838,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.astm.org\/books\/book\/91\/chapter\/49577\/Properties-Specifications-and-Quality-of-Crude-Oil"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]]},"ISBN":["9780803170223","9780803186811"],"references-count":29,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1520\/mnl5820131211604","published":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]]}}],"items-per-page":20,"query":{"start-index":0,"search-terms":"Petroleum+refining.+Petroleum+products"}}}