This chapter argues that certain important lessons about truth can only be appreciated by approaching semantic circularity from the perspective of a compositional semanticist. It explains our need for a compositional semantics for semantic vocabulary like \u2018true\u2019. These reflections stress the need to explain, consistently with linguistic productivity facts, truth-value judgments concerning two classes of semantic circularities. The first involves claims like \u2018Everything I say today will be true\u2019, made when all other utterances by the speaker that day are true. The second involves claims about broad distributions of semantic properties like \u2018A conjunction is true just in case both of its conjuncts are true\u2019. We cannot explain the productive speaker judgments concerning the classes with a theory that gives \u2018true\u2019 an extension assignment as part of its semantic value. The chapter explains what shape semantic theories would need to take in order to avoid this circularity.<\/p>","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780199896042.003.0009","type":"book","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,22]],"date-time":"2017-08-22T09:26:21Z","timestamp":1503393981000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Semantics for Semantics"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"James R.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bradley","family":"Armour-Garb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bradley","family":"Armour-Garb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"286","container-title":["Oxford Scholarship Online"],"original-title":["Semantics for Semantics"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T22:26:00Z","timestamp":1659479160000},"score":14.670053,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/book\/5289\/chapter\/148038763"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oso\/9780199896042.003.0009","published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T02:16:03Z","timestamp":1696212963933},"publisher-location":"Berlin, Boston","reference-count":11,"publisher":"DE GRUYTER MOUTON","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"DOI":"10.1515\/9783110226614.923","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,25]],"date-time":"2011-07-25T15:56:42Z","timestamp":1311609402000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["38. Dynamic semantics"],"prefix":"10.1515","author":[{"given":"Paul","family":"Dekker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"p_17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00635805"},{"key":"p_22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011251627260"},{"key":"p_23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10988-008-9026-1"},{"key":"p_28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00985365"},{"key":"p_45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/thli.1974.1.1-3.181"},{"key":"p_54","author":"Nouwen Rick","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Philosophical"},{"key":"p_61","author":"van Rooij Robert","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of"},{"key":"p_63","author":"van der Sandt Rob A","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Semantics"},{"key":"p_65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005599522122"},{"key":"p_68","author":"Stalnaker Robert","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Logic, Language and Informa"},{"key":"p_76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00248150"}],"container-title":["Semantics"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/9783110226614.923\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T20:16:06Z","timestamp":1618949766000},"score":14.570504,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/9783110226614.923\/html"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"references-count":11,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9783110226614.923"},{"institution":[{"name":"Koninklijke Brill NV","acronym":["BRILL"]}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T00:56:58Z","timestamp":1741309018588,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"DOI":"10.1163\/2773-1952_hcso_com_0107","type":"dataset","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T09:59:19Z","timestamp":1712570359000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Conceptual Semantics"],"prefix":"10.1163","member":"374","container-title":["Handbook of Cognitive Semantics Online"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T11:29:46Z","timestamp":1727695786000},"score":14.534332,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/referenceworks.brill.com\/display\/entries\/HCSO\/COM-0107.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/2773-1952_hcso_com_0107"},{"institution":[{"name":"Koninklijke Brill NV","acronym":["BRILL"]}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T01:05:37Z","timestamp":1741309537889,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"DOI":"10.1163\/2773-1952_hcso_com_0106","type":"dataset","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T09:59:19Z","timestamp":1712570359000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Frame Semantics"],"prefix":"10.1163","member":"374","container-title":["Handbook of Cognitive Semantics Online"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T11:29:45Z","timestamp":1727695785000},"score":14.534332,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/referenceworks.brill.com\/display\/entries\/HCSO\/COM-0106.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/2773-1952_hcso_com_0106"},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]],"date-time":"2023-06-08T09:40:16Z","timestamp":1686217216260},"publisher-location":"Berlin, Boston","reference-count":5,"publisher":"DE GRUYTER MOUTON","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783110226614","type":"electronic"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"DOI":"10.1515\/9783110226614.688","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,25]],"date-time":"2011-07-25T15:56:42Z","timestamp":1311609402000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["30. Conceptual Semantics"],"prefix":"10.1515","author":[{"given":"Ray","family":"Jackendoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00627432","volume":"9","author":"Bach Emmon","year":"1986","journal-title":"Linguistics & Philosophy"},{"key":"p_32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(91)90031-X"},{"key":"p_41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/415883"},{"key":"p_81","first-page":"479","volume":"14","author":"Knowledge Minneapolis","year":"1905","journal-title":"Mind"},{"key":"p_86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0364-0213(88)90008-0"}],"container-title":["Semantics"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/9783110226614.688\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]],"date-time":"2023-06-08T09:24:56Z","timestamp":1686216296000},"score":14.508198,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/9783110226614.688\/html"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"ISBN":["9783110226614"],"references-count":5,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9783110226614.688"},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T21:21:00Z","timestamp":1751491260742},"publisher-location":"Berlin, Boston","reference-count":6,"publisher":"DE GRUYTER MOUTON","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"DOI":"10.1515\/9783110226614.664","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,25]],"date-time":"2011-07-25T15:56:42Z","timestamp":1311609402000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["29. Frame Semantics"],"prefix":"10.1515","author":[{"given":"Jean-Mark","family":"Gawron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"p_1","author":"Asher Nicholas","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of"},{"key":"p_8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X99002149"},{"key":"p_15","first-page":"64","author":"Linguistics","year":"2001","journal-title":"University Centre for Computer Corpus Research on Language"},{"key":"p_24","first-page":"293","volume":"1","author":"Chomsky Noam","year":"1981","journal-title":"Poetica"},{"key":"p_28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/415037"},{"key":"p_78","author":"Smolka Gert","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Logic Program"}],"container-title":["Semantics"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/9783110226614.664\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T20:16:02Z","timestamp":1618949762000},"score":14.49238,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/9783110226614.664\/html"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"references-count":6,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9783110226614.664"},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T05:01:43Z","timestamp":1773982903251,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"BRILL","isbn-type":[{"value":"9789004222182","type":"electronic"},{"value":"9789004188396","type":"print"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1163\/9789004222182_003","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,11]],"date-time":"2012-07-11T22:52:54Z","timestamp":1342047174000},"page":"11-32","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Foundations for Lexical Semantics Structural semantics and semantic fields"],"prefix":"10.1163","author":[{"given":"Stephen L.","family":"Shead","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","container-title":["Radical Frame Semantics and Biblical Hebrew"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789004222182\/B9789004222182-s003.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/title\/15230","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T03:53:05Z","timestamp":1773978785000},"score":14.490937,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/9789004222182\/B9789004222182-s003.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]]},"ISBN":["9789004222182","9789004188396"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789004222182_003","published":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T15:20:32Z","timestamp":1759159232145},"publisher-location":"Berlin, Boston","reference-count":11,"publisher":"DE GRUYTER MOUTON","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783110226614","type":"electronic"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"DOI":"10.1515\/9783110226614.802","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,25]],"date-time":"2011-07-25T15:56:42Z","timestamp":1311609402000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["34. Event semantics"],"prefix":"10.1515","author":[{"given":"Claudia","family":"Maienborn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00627432","volume":"9","author":"Bach Emmon","year":"1986","journal-title":"Linguistics & Philosophy"},{"key":"p_12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1075\/sl.10.1.03bay"},{"key":"p_72","first-page":"547","volume":"16","author":"Higginbotham James","year":"1985","journal-title":"Linguistic Inquiry"},{"key":"p_73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00632473"},{"key":"p_130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/ling.2005.43.1.155"},{"key":"p_152","first-page":"635","volume":"26","author":"Parsons Terence","year":"1995","journal-title":"Linguistic Inquiry"},{"key":"p_166","author":"Pulman Stephen G","year":"1997","journal-title":"Transactions of the Philological Society"},{"key":"p_168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(91)90032-Y"},{"key":"p_174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/thli.2005.31.3.359"},{"key":"p_184","author":"von Stechow Arnim","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of"},{"key":"p_196","first-page":"27","volume":"28","author":"Wunderlich Dieter","year":"1997","journal-title":"Linguistic Inquiry"}],"container-title":["Semantics"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/9783110226614.802\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]],"date-time":"2023-06-08T09:25:03Z","timestamp":1686216303000},"score":14.4790945,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/9783110226614.802\/html"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"ISBN":["9783110226614"],"references-count":11,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9783110226614.802"},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,15]],"date-time":"2022-10-15T01:13:19Z","timestamp":1665796399301},"edition-number":"1","reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,19]],"date-time":"2010-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1263859200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":6368,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,19]],"date-time":"2010-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1263859200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":6368,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,8,13]]},"DOI":"10.1017\/cbo9780511569869.028","type":"other","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,29]],"date-time":"2010-01-29T12:37:56Z","timestamp":1264768676000},"page":"278-295","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Operational Semantics"],"prefix":"10.1017","member":"56","container-title":["Action Semantics"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/ABE14B93C2C91408B9BF662A5D7EDEDA","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,15]],"date-time":"2022-10-15T00:57:05Z","timestamp":1665795425000},"score":14.456826,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/CBO9780511569869A105\/type\/book_part"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,8,13]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/cbo9780511569869.028","published":{"date-parts":[[1992,8,13]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T23:07:15Z","timestamp":1741302435804,"version":"3.38.0"},"publisher-location":"Bingley","reference-count":0,"publisher":"Emerald Group Publishing","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9780857249098"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"DOI":"10.1108\/s1472-7870(2011)0000024016","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,25]],"date-time":"2011-06-25T11:03:22Z","timestamp":1308999802000},"page":"iii","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Making Semantics Pragmatic"],"prefix":"10.1163","member":"374","container-title":["Current Research in the Semantics\/Pragmatics Interface","Making Semantics Pragmatic"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]],"date-time":"2022-03-11T22:08:45Z","timestamp":1647036525000},"score":14.4422,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/S1472-7870(2011)0000024016\/full\/html"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"ISBN":["9780857249098"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/s1472-7870(2011)0000024016","ISSN":["1472-7870"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1472-7870"}]},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T10:38:00Z","timestamp":1773830280615,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780199772810","type":"electronic"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"abstract":"
Cognitive semantics is an interdisciplinary approach to the study of meaning and mind. It is a subfield of cognitive linguistics (see the separate Oxford Bibliographies in Linguistics article \u201cCognitive Linguistics\u201d). In the most specific sense, it is the field that is defined by the research on conceptual structure conducted by Leonard Talmy. In a broader sense, the term also covers research in philosophy, psychology, neural science, artificial intelligence, and other subject fields in cognitive science that takes the relationship between meaning and mind as the main object of study. Cognitive semantics views language as one of the major cognitive systems and is best characterized at different levels and perspectives. Evolutionarily, cognitive semantics takes language among the most recent cognitive systems to evolve in the human lineage. Paralleled with language are culture, story, music, and dance; later cognitive systems include affect, forward simulation, and inferencing; the earliest systems are perception in general and motor control. Cognitively, cognitive semantics studies the many and varied aspects of human cognition through conceptual organization by analyzing a crucial set of fundamental conceptual domains including space and time, motion and location, causation and force interaction, attention and viewpoint, action and events, etc. Cross-linguistically, cognitive semantics studies the conceptual patterns, conceptual schemas, linguistic typologies, motivating mechanisms, etc. that are formed in conceptual structuring process. More specifically, cognitive semantics studies the cognitive process that is involved in the grammatical manipulation. For instance, the process of adding a plural form \u2018s\u2019 to \u2018apple\u2019 to form \u2018apples\u2019 involves the cognitive process of pluralizing. The process from representing the same conceptual content in two clauses to a representation in a single clause involves the cognitive process of integration of macro-event. Diachronically, cognitive semantics studies the mechanisms that motivate a semantic change, especially, change from an open-class form to a closed-class form, and the mechanisms that motivate the shift of conceptual patterns and typologies.<\/p>","DOI":"10.1093\/obo\/9780199772810-0279","type":"reference-entry","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T12:38:56Z","timestamp":1633005536000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cognitive Semantics"],"prefix":"10.1093","member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]]},"container-title":["Linguistics"],"original-title":["Cognitive Semantics"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]],"date-time":"2021-10-25T14:17:37Z","timestamp":1635171457000},"score":14.396666,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/oxfordbibliographies.com\/view\/document\/obo-9780199772810\/obo-9780199772810-0279.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]]},"ISBN":["9780199772810"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/obo\/9780199772810-0279","published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T14:30:34Z","timestamp":1693837834368},"publisher-location":"Berlin, Boston","reference-count":15,"publisher":"DE GRUYTER MOUTON","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"DOI":"10.1515\/9783110226614.762","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,25]],"date-time":"2011-07-25T15:56:42Z","timestamp":1311609402000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["33. Model-theoretic semantics"],"prefix":"10.1515","author":[{"given":"Thomas Ede","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005338210350"},{"key":"p_8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02350366"},{"key":"p_9","author":"Casanovas Enrique","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Philosophical Logic 36"},{"key":"p_17","first-page":"375","volume":"9","author":"Etchemendy John","year":"1990","journal-title":"No\u00fbs"},{"key":"p_18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00262054"},{"key":"p_27","author":"Hodges Wilfried","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Logic, Language and Infor"},{"key":"p_32","first-page":"79","volume":"61","author":"Stanford CA","year":"1962","journal-title":"Journal of Philosophy"},{"key":"p_40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00048408412340013"},{"key":"p_43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-2567.1969.tb00356.x"},{"key":"p_44","first-page":"397","volume":"51","author":"L\u00f6bner Sebastian","year":"1979","journal-title":"Synthese"},{"key":"p_48","first-page":"1078","volume":"45","author":"Cambridge MA","year":"1991","journal-title":"British Journal for the Philosophy of Science"},{"key":"p_53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-2567.1970.tb00434.x"},{"key":"p_56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mind\/XXXVII.146.137"},{"key":"p_59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2273415"},{"key":"p_66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jos\/4.1.67"}],"container-title":["Semantics"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/9783110226614.762\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T20:16:04Z","timestamp":1618949764000},"score":14.353177,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/9783110226614.762\/html"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"references-count":15,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9783110226614.762"},{"institution":[{"name":"Koninklijke Brill NV","acronym":["BRILL"]}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T01:05:38Z","timestamp":1741309538067,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"DOI":"10.1163\/2773-1952_hcso_com_0108","type":"dataset","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T09:59:19Z","timestamp":1712570359000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Embodied Semantics"],"prefix":"10.1163","member":"374","container-title":["Handbook of Cognitive Semantics Online"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T11:29:47Z","timestamp":1727695787000},"score":14.346516,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/referenceworks.brill.com\/display\/entries\/HCSO\/COM-0108.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/2773-1952_hcso_com_0108"},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,8]],"date-time":"2024-09-08T09:54:04Z","timestamp":1725789244931},"edition-number":"0","reference-count":0,"publisher":"Routledge","isbn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"9780203060810"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,11]]},"DOI":"10.4324\/9780203060810-5","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]],"date-time":"2020-12-21T13:08:38Z","timestamp":1608556118000},"page":"10-16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["PINNING DOWN SEMANTICS"],"prefix":"10.4324","member":"301","container-title":["Semantics"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]],"date-time":"2020-12-21T13:08:43Z","timestamp":1608556123000},"score":14.334597,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.taylorfrancis.com\/books\/9781134606665\/chapters\/10.4324\/9780203060810-5"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,11]]},"ISBN":["9780203060810"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9780203060810-5","published":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,11]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T23:07:20Z","timestamp":1741302440899,"version":"3.38.0"},"publisher-location":"Bingley","reference-count":0,"publisher":"Emerald Group Publishing","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9780857249098"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"DOI":"10.1108\/s1472-7870(2011)0000024014","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,25]],"date-time":"2011-06-25T11:03:26Z","timestamp":1308999806000},"page":"i","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Making Semantics Pragmatic"],"prefix":"10.1163","member":"374","container-title":["Current Research in the Semantics\/Pragmatics Interface","Making Semantics Pragmatic"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]],"date-time":"2022-03-11T22:08:45Z","timestamp":1647036525000},"score":14.325434,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/S1472-7870(2011)0000024014\/full\/html"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"ISBN":["9780857249098"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/s1472-7870(2011)0000024014","ISSN":["1472-7870"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1472-7870"}]},{"institution":[{"name":"Koninklijke Brill NV","acronym":["BRILL"]}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T01:05:37Z","timestamp":1741309537715,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"DOI":"10.1163\/2773-1952_hcso_com_0104","type":"dataset","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T09:59:19Z","timestamp":1712570359000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Introducing Cognitive Semantics"],"prefix":"10.1163","member":"374","container-title":["Handbook of Cognitive Semantics Online"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T11:29:44Z","timestamp":1727695784000},"score":14.317755,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/referenceworks.brill.com\/display\/entries\/HCSO\/COM-0104.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/2773-1952_hcso_com_0104"},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,8]],"date-time":"2024-09-08T07:48:01Z","timestamp":1725781681306},"edition-number":"0","reference-count":0,"publisher":"Routledge","isbn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"9780203528334"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,26]]},"DOI":"10.4324\/9780203528334-19","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]],"date-time":"2021-03-05T16:35:21Z","timestamp":1614962121000},"page":"337-375","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Formal semantics"],"prefix":"10.4324","member":"301","container-title":["Understanding Semantics"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]],"date-time":"2021-03-05T16:35:36Z","timestamp":1614962136000},"score":14.313714,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.taylorfrancis.com\/books\/9781134052714\/chapters\/10.4324\/9780203528334-19"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,26]]},"ISBN":["9780203528334"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9780203528334-19","published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,26]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,4]],"date-time":"2024-05-04T02:21:02Z","timestamp":1714789262970},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Elsevier","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780124104068","type":"print"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/b978-0-12-410406-8.00005-1","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,3]],"date-time":"2014-01-03T17:30:27Z","timestamp":1388770227000},"page":"51-68","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Relations between Global Semantics and Local Semantics"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Beishui","family":"Liao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10\u201315","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-410406-8.00005-1_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artint.2007.04.004","article-title":"On principle-based evaluation of extension-based argumentation semantics","volume":"171","author":"Baroni","year":"2007","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-410406-8.00005-1_b0010","series-title":"Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning","first-page":"40","article-title":"Splitting an argumentation framework","author":"Baumann","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-410406-8.00005-1_b0015","series-title":"Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Theory and Applications of Formal, Argumentation","first-page":"17","article-title":"Splitting argumentation frameworks: an empirical evaluation","author":"Baumann","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-410406-8.00005-1_b0020","first-page":"23","article-title":"Splitting a Logic Program","author":"Lifschitz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Principles of Knowledge Representation"},{"issue":"10\u201315","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-410406-8.00005-1_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artint.2007.04.012","article-title":"On the merging of Dung\u2019s argumentation systems","volume":"171","author":"Coste-Marquis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence"}],"container-title":["Efficient Computation of Argumentation Semantics"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,7]],"date-time":"2018-10-07T14:21:00Z","timestamp":1538922060000},"score":14.313681,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/B9780124104068000051"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"ISBN":["9780124104068"],"references-count":5,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/b978-0-12-410406-8.00005-1","published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,2]],"date-time":"2022-04-02T17:20:32Z","timestamp":1648920032478},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Peter Lang","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"DOI":"10.3726\/978-3-0351-0271-0\/6","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,11]],"date-time":"2016-07-11T16:26:54Z","timestamp":1468254414000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Part two: towards a musical semantics"],"prefix":"10.3726","member":"2030","container-title":["Musical Semantics"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,30]],"date-time":"2016-08-30T19:19:45Z","timestamp":1472584785000},"score":14.307707,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.peterlang.com\/view\/9783035102710\/9783035102710.00006.xml"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3726\/978-3-0351-0271-0\/6"},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]],"date-time":"2022-03-28T22:11:44Z","timestamp":1648505504380},"publisher-location":"Berlin, Boston","reference-count":9,"publisher":"DE GRUYTER MOUTON","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"DOI":"10.1515\/9783110226614.216","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,25]],"date-time":"2011-07-25T15:56:42Z","timestamp":1311609402000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["11. Formal semantics and representationalism"],"prefix":"10.1515","author":[{"given":"Ruth","family":"Kempson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"p_20","author":"Cooper Robin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Logic and Computa"},{"key":"p_29","first-page":"337","volume":"11","author":"Anaphoric Relations Kluwer","year":"1980","journal-title":"Linguistic Inquiry"},{"key":"p_34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-0017.1987.tb00108.x"},{"key":"p_45","first-page":"153","volume":"5","author":"Hilbert David","year":"1939","journal-title":"Linguistic Inquiry"},{"key":"p_53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/411200"},{"key":"p_60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00413598"},{"key":"p_62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10988-005-7378-3"},{"key":"p_66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00627513"},{"key":"p_89","first-page":"272","volume":"22","author":"Stainton Robert","year":"2006","journal-title":"Synthese"}],"container-title":["Semantics"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/9783110226614.216\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T20:15:52Z","timestamp":1618949752000},"score":14.29777,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/9783110226614.216\/html"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"references-count":9,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9783110226614.216"}],"items-per-page":20,"query":{"start-index":0,"search-terms":"Semantics"}}}