{"status":"ok","message-type":"work-list","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"facets":{},"total-results":978170,"items":[{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T02:38:27Z","timestamp":1726022307094},"edition-number":"0","reference-count":1,"publisher":"CRC Press","isbn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"9780429139260"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,29]]},"DOI":"10.1201\/ebk1420085280-32","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]],"date-time":"2020-12-22T21:58:01Z","timestamp":1608674281000},"page":"529-540","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Metallic Mat Gas Combustion"],"prefix":"10.1201","member":"301","reference":[{"key":"ref25","unstructured":"FIGURE 25.15"}],"container-title":["Industrial Combustion Testing"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]],"date-time":"2020-12-22T22:00:10Z","timestamp":1608674410000},"score":17.424362,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.taylorfrancis.com\/books\/9781420085297\/chapters\/10.1201\/EBK1420085280-32"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,29]]},"ISBN":["9780429139260"],"references-count":1,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1201\/ebk1420085280-32","published":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,29]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T21:09:40Z","timestamp":1771535380991,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"JVE International Ltd.","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["extrica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Maint. reliab, cond. monit."],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigates the optimization of online compressor washing frequency for enhanced performance and profitability of industrial gas turbines. Two representative engines: an aero-derivative LM2500 and a heavy-duty V94.3A (also designated SGT5-4000F) were simulated in GasTurb software under varying washing intervals of one day and ten days. Experimental data were applied to model reductions in compressor isentropic efficiency and mass-flow capacity due to fouling. The results indicate that extending the washing interval from daily to every ten days for one year causes significant performance deterioration. For the LM2500, power output decreased from 7 % to 16\u00a0%, thermal efficiency from 2.6 % to 6 %, and heat rate rose from 2.7 % to 6.6 %. Corresponding changes for the V94.3A were smaller, confirming that the aero-derivative turbine is more sensitive to fouling than the heavy-duty unit. Economic evaluation showed that while more frequent washing increased wash fluid consumption and operational costs, it provides substantial financial benefits. Daily washing produced additional annual net profits of approximately \u00a311.69 million for the V94.3A and \u00a34.6 million for the LM2500 compared with ten-day intervals. Overall, the findings demonstrate that optimizing compressor washing frequency is essential to sustain turbine performance, improve fuel efficiency, and maximize profitability. Frequent online washing mitigates the adverse effects of fouling and ensures cost-effective, reliable, and energy-efficient gas-turbine operation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.21595\/marc.2026.25711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T20:22:11Z","timestamp":1771532531000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21595\/mrcm.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Optimization of online compressor washing frequency for enhanced performance and profitability of industrial gas turbines"],"prefix":"10.21595","author":[{"given":"Roupa","family":"Agbadede","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Biweri","family":"Kainga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"9051","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N. Aretakis, I. Roumeliotis, G. Doumouras, and K. Mathioudakis, \u201cCompressor washing economic analysis and optimization for power generation,\u201d <i>Applied Energy<\/i>, Vol. 95, pp. 77\u201386, Jul. 2012, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apenergy.2012.02.016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2012.02.016"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. M. Thames, J. W. Stegmaier, and J. J. Ford, \u201cOn-line compressor washing practices and benefits,\u201d in <i>International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition<\/i>, Jun. 1989, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/89-gt-91","DOI":"10.1115\/89-GT-91"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Chen, X. Tang, J. Lu, and H. Zhang, \u201cA compressor off-line washing schedule optimization method with a LSTM deep learning model predicting the fouling trend,\u201d <i>Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power<\/i>, Vol. 144, No. 8, Aug. 2022, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.4054748","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4054748"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Mart\u00edn-Arag\u00f3n and M. Vald\u00e9s, \u201cA method to determine the economic cost of fouling of gas turbine compressors,\u201d <i>Applied Thermal Engineering<\/i>, Vol. 69, No. 1-2, pp. 261\u2013266, Aug. 2014, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.applthermaleng.2013.11.051","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applthermaleng.2013.11.051"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. Hanachi, J. Liu, P. Ding, I. Yong Kim, and C. K. Mechefske, \u201cPredictive compressor wash optimization for economic operation of gas turbine,\u201d <i>Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power<\/i>, Vol. 140, No. 12, Dec. 2018, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.4041168","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4041168"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G. Musa, U. Igie, P. Pilidis, and S. Gowon, \u201cEconomic viability of on-line compressor washing for different rated capacity,\u201d in <i>ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition<\/i>, Jun. 2017, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/gt2017-64950","DOI":"10.1115\/GT2017-64950"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. A. Ogbonnaya, \u201cGas turbine performance optimization using compressor online water washing technique,\u201d <i>Engineering<\/i>, Vol. 3, No. 5, pp. 500\u2013507, Jan. 2011, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4236\/eng.2011.35058","DOI":"10.4236\/eng.2011.35058"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. C. Gu\u00a8Len, P. R. Griffin, and S. Paolucci, \u201cReal-time on-line performance diagnostics of heavy-duty industrial gas turbines,\u201d <i>Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power<\/i>, Vol. 124, No. 4, pp.\u00a0910\u2013921, Oct. 2002, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.1413465","DOI":"10.1115\/1.1413465"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.-P. Stalder, \u201cGas turbine compressor washing state of the art: field experiences1,\u201d <i>Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power<\/i>, Vol. 123, No. 2, pp. 363\u2013370, Apr. 2001, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.1361108","DOI":"10.1115\/1.1361108"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. P. Boyce and F. Gonzalez, \u201cA study of on-line and off-line turbine washing to optimize the operation of a gas turbine,\u201d <i>Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power<\/i>, Vol. 129, No. 1, pp. 114\u2013122, Jan. 2007, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.2181180","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2181180"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P. N. S. Rao and V. N. A. Naikan, \u201cAn optimal maintenance policy for compressor of a gas turbine power plant,\u201d <i>Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power<\/i>, Vol. 130, No. 2, Mar. 2008, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.2795762","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2795762"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. F. Spuntrup, G. D. Ave, L. Imsland, and I. Harjumkoski, \u201cOptimal maintenance scheduling of washing of compressors to increase operation efficiency,\u201d <i>Journal of Computer Aided Chemical Engineering<\/i>, Vol. 46, pp. 1321\u20131326, 2019.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-818634-3.50221-6"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. P. Xenos, G. M. Kopanos, M. Cicciotti, and N. F. Thornhill, \u201cOperational optimization of networks of compressors considering condition-based maintenance,\u201d <i>Computers and Chemical Engineering<\/i>, Vol. 84, pp. 117\u2013131, Jan. 2016, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2015.08.008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2015.08.008"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G. Hovland and M. Antoine, \u201cScheduling of gas turbine compressor washing,\u201d <i>Intelligent Automation and Soft Computing<\/i>, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 63\u201373, Jan. 2006, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10798587.2006.10642916","DOI":"10.1080\/10798587.2006.10642916"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Schneider, S. Demircioglu, S. Franco, and D. Therkorn, \u201cAnalysis of compressor on-line washing to optimize gas turbine power plant performance,\u201d in <i>ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air<\/i>, pp. 591\u2013599, Jan. 2009, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/gt2009-59356","DOI":"10.1115\/GT2009-59356"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Agbadede, B. Kainga, and I. Allison, \u201cIndustrial gas turbine compressor cleaning: the impact of washing frequency schedule on the effectiveness of online compressor washing,\u201d <i>Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C<\/i>, Vol. 106, No. 5, pp. 1185\u20131195, Jul. 2025, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40032-025-01187-8","DOI":"10.1007\/s40032-025-01187-8"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit17","unstructured":"J. Kurzke, \u201cGasTurb 11 \u2013 design and off-design performance of gas turbines. GasTurb User Manual,\u201d 2007."},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit18","unstructured":"B. Becker and V. Thien, \u201cHigh-efficiency gas turbines operating in intermediate duty,\u201d in <i>Proceedings of the International Gas Turbine Congress 2003 Tokyo (IGTC 2003)<\/i>, 2003."},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit19","unstructured":"\u201cAverage cost of electricity per kWh in the UK.\u201d NimbleFins, 2026, https:\/\/www.nimblefins.co.uk\/average-cost-electricity-kwh-uk"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F. C. Mund and P. Pilidis, \u201cGas turbine compressor washing: historical developments, trends and main design parameters for online systems,\u201d <i>Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power<\/i>, Vol. 128, No. 2, pp. 344\u2013353, Apr. 2006, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.2132378","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2132378"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2026.25711-cit21","unstructured":"\u201cR-MC G21 compressor wash fluid 25Lt drum.\u201d Silmid, https:\/\/www.silmid.com\/cleaners\/specialty-cleaners\/r-mc-g21-turbine-cleaner-25lt-drum\/#:~:text=silmid%20p\/n:%20rmcg21025l,)%20%c2%a3379.44%20(inc%20vat)"}],"container-title":["Maintenance, Reliability and Condition Monitoring"],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.extrica.com\/article\/25711\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.extrica.com\/article\/25711\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.extrica.com\/article\/25711\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T20:22:12Z","timestamp":1771532532000},"score":17.258461,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.extrica.com\/article\/25711"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"references-count":21,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21595\/marc.2026.25711","ISSN":["2669-2961"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2669-2961","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Research 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al.","order":6,"name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"rights","label":"Rights"}}]},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T09:05:05Z","timestamp":1772269505755,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"PeerJ","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.3859\/fig-8","type":"component","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,17]],"date-time":"2017-10-17T04:08:02Z","timestamp":1508213282000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Figure 8: Comparison of the mean scaled counts between Condition A (Cond A) and Condition B (Cond B)."],"prefix":"10.7717","member":"4443","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,17]],"date-time":"2017-10-17T04:08:10Z","timestamp":1508213290000},"score":17.033276,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/3859\/fig-8"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.3859\/fig-8","relation":{"is-component-of":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7717\/peerj.3859","asserted-by":"object"}]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T09:07:20Z","timestamp":1771492040533,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Vilnius University Press","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769558400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Baltistica"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\u2013<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.15388\/baltistica.43.3.1282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,15]],"date-time":"2016-04-15T07:53:36Z","timestamp":1460706816000},"page":"474","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["D\u0117l 3 cond. gal\u016bn\u0117s\u00a0-tuo"],"prefix":"10.15388","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Zigmas","family":"Zinkevi\u010dius","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03nadee84","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Vilnius 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In this paper we put forward the concept of Bacterial Mat for optimised recovery from marine gas hydrates. Gas hydrate is a solid compound in which methane is trapped within a crystal lattice of water under high pressure and low temperature condition.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>The primary condition for the stability of gas hydrate is high pressure and low temperature i.e. a minimum depth of 300m and a temperature lesser than 2\u00b0C. Several technologies have been experimented for the extraction but the main problem faced was uncontrolled liberation of methane which is a powerful green house gas.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Our suggestion is to use Bacterial Mat for the optimised recovery of gas hydrates. This bacterial mat contains Archae bacteria. These bacteria can survive in extreme environment and can produce methane from CO2 &amp; H2O. This process is exothermic and can raise the temperature to 140\u00b0C leading to escape of methane from gas hydrates. These bacteria will breed on an artificial animal intestine mat from which they will get nutrients for growth. The bacterial mat will be sent to the seabed and fixed to the bed with its arms on the edges where gas hydrates are deposited. After achieving the desired saturation of gas, it is produced from the sea surface installation.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>The above suggested methodology is an optimised and economical way to recover gas hydrates. Firstly it will help to change the focus of extracting resources from conventional to unconventional resources. Secondly, it will lead to sustainable development and reduce the hazard of global warming to a large extent. Thirdly, this technology has huge potential in the petroleum industry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2118\/164406-ms","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,20]],"date-time":"2013-12-20T08:02:15Z","timestamp":1387526535000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Application of Bacterial Mat for Optimized Gas Hydrate Recovery"],"prefix":"10.2118","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Dubey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Petroleum and Energy Studies\u2014India"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Saxena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Petroleum and Energy Studies\u2014India"}]}],"member":"861","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024111217425838000_R1","unstructured":"Bhatnagar\n              Gaurav\n            \n          , Accumulation of gas hydrates in marine sediments, a Thesis report, Rice University, Houston, Texas2008."},{"key":"2024111217425838000_R2","unstructured":"Ryo\n              Nakagawa\n            , AkihiroHachikubo and HitoshiShoji, Dissociation and specific heats of gas hydrates under submarine and sublacustrine environments proceedings of the 6th international conference on gas hydrates (icgh 2008), vancouver, british columbia, canada, july 6\u201310, 2008."},{"key":"2024111217425838000_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/97JB00392","article-title":"Formation and accumulation of gas hydrate in porous media","author":"Rempel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of geophysical research"},{"article-title":"Methane production along environmental gradients in fens and bogs","year":"2008","author":"Heli","key":"2024111217425838000_R4"},{"edition":"Third Edition","article-title":"Clatharates Hydrates of Natural Gas","author":"Dendy","key":"2024111217425838000_R5"},{"author":"Denby","key":"2024111217425838000_R6","article-title":"Koh Carolyn & Sum Amadeu K, Natural Gas Hydrates in flow assurance"}],"event":{"name":"SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference","start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,10]]},"location":"Manama, Bahrain","end":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,13]]},"acronym":"13MEOS"},"container-title":["SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onepetro.org\/SPEMEOS\/proceedings-pdf\/doi\/10.2118\/164406-MS\/4024154\/spe-164406-ms.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onepetro.org\/SPEMEOS\/proceedings-pdf\/doi\/10.2118\/164406-MS\/4024154\/spe-164406-ms.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]],"date-time":"2024-11-12T17:43:13Z","timestamp":1731433393000},"score":16.431969,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onepetro.org\/SPEMEOS\/proceedings\/13MEOS\/13MEOS\/SPE-164406-MS\/177654"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,10]]},"references-count":6,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2118\/164406-ms","published":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,10]]},"article-number":"SPE-164406-MS"},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T21:29:13Z","timestamp":1769635753994,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"JVE International Ltd.","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]],"date-time":"2022-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["extrica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Maint. reliab, cond. monit."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In response to the competing factors governing the operation of oil and gas facilities, i.e., the stringent safety and environmental regulations, and the challenging business environment that entails minimizing the running cost, a risk-based inspection (RBI) program became a vital part of all Asset Integrity Management (AIM) frameworks. The objective is to ensure asset mechanical integrity while optimizing the maintenance and inspection resources and minimizing production downtime. There are different risk models being used to manage operational risk for equipment. The decision-maker should be attentive to the subjectivity and reliability of the risk results to establish an adequate risk target that can achieve the ultimate goal of RBI by determining the cost-effective inspection and maintenance plan without compromising plant safety, integrity or reliability. This paper presents evaluations of the most quantitative RBI models through a case study from an offshore gas producing platform. A case study was implemented for topside equipment on an offshore platform. The study analyzed the impact of contributing factors to the probability of failure (PoF) model through a sensitivity analysis to quantify the reliability and subjectivity in the failure probabilities. A sensitivity analysis and comparison between both API consequence modelling methodologies (i.e., CoF level 1 and 2) were performed to manifest the reliability of risk results. The sensitivity analysis revealed the variance in the calculated risk and demonstrated that a risk target\/threshold should be established based on the deployed risk model. Using the same risk target for different risk models cannot effectively define all equipment items that actually need more resources to mitigate the risk. And can result in omitting critical equipment which can jeopardize asset integrity and lead to major losses, or spend resources on unnecessary equipment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.21595\/marc.2022.22292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T19:43:17Z","timestamp":1652902997000},"page":"1-16","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21595\/mrcm.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Reliability of quantitative risk models: a case study from offshore gas production platform"],"prefix":"10.21595","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Attia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jyoti","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"9051","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F. Khan, R. Yarveisy, and R. Abbassi, \u201cRisk-based pipeline integrity management: A road map for the resilient pipelines,\u201d <i>Journal of Pipeline Science and Engineering<\/i>, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 74\u201387, Mar. 2021, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpse.2021.02.001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpse.2021.02.001"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Mohamed, C. R. Che Hassan, and M. D. Hamid, \u201cImplementing risk-based inspection approach: Is it beneficial for pressure equipment in Malaysia industries?\u201d in <i>Process Safety Progress<\/i>, Vol. 37, No.\u00a02, pp. 194\u2013204, Jun. 2018, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/prs.11903","DOI":"10.1002\/prs.11903"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deighton Michael, <i>Facility Integrity Management: Effective Principles and Practices for the Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries<\/i>. Oxford: Elsevier Science &amp; Technology, 2016.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-801764-7.00011-5"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"U. R. Bharadwaj, V. V. Silberschmidt, and J. B. Wintle, \u201cA risk based approach to asset integrity management,\u201d <i>Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering<\/i>, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 417\u2013431, Oct. 2012, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/13552511211281570","DOI":"10.1108\/13552511211281570"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. Bhatia, F. Khan, H. Patel, and R. Abbassi, \u201cDynamic risk-based inspection methodology,\u201d <i>Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries<\/i>, Vol. 62, p. 103974, Nov. 2019, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jlp.2019.103974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlp.2019.103974"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit6","unstructured":"R. Com, \u201cRisk-Based Inspection (RBI) Program Implementation Case History,\u201d <i>Inspectioneering Journal<\/i>, 2017."},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit7","unstructured":"\u201cBase Resource Document on Risk-Based Inspection for API Committee on Refinery Equipment,\u201d American Petroleum Institute, 1996."},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit8","unstructured":"\u201cRisk-Based Inspection Technology,\u201d 3rd. Edition, API Recommended Practice 581, May 2000."},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit9","unstructured":"\u201cPCC-3 Inspection Planning Using Risk-Based Methods,\u201d American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007."},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit10","unstructured":"<i>Risk Based Inspection \u2013 A Guide to Effective Use of the RBI Process<\/i>. EEMUA Publication, 2006."},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit11","unstructured":"\u201cRecommended Practice for Risk-Based Inspection,\u201d American Petroleum Institute, 2016."},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit12","unstructured":"\u201cRisk-Based Inspection Technology,\u201d American Petroleum Institute, 2nd. Edition, API Recommended Practice 581, 2008."},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit13","unstructured":"\u201cRisk-based Inspection Methodology,\u201d American Petroleum Institute, 2016."},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Attia and J. K. Sinha, \u201cReliability of quantitative risk analysis through an industrial case study,\u201d <i>Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering<\/i>, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, Nov. 2021, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/jqme-03-2021-0022","DOI":"10.1108\/JQME-03-2021-0022"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit15","unstructured":"A. W. Cox, F. P. Lees, and Ang M. L., \u201cClassification of Hazardous Locations,\u201d Institution of Chemical Engineers, 1991."},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit16","unstructured":"\u201cIP Research Report: Ignition Probability Review, Model development and Look-Up Correlations,\u201d Energy Institute, London, 2006."},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Attia and J. Sinha, \u201cImproved quantitative risk model for integrity management of liquefied petroleum gas storage tanks: Mathematical basis, and case study,\u201d <i>Process Safety Progress<\/i>, Vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 63\u201378, Sep. 2021, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/prs.12217","DOI":"10.1002\/prs.12217"},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit18","unstructured":"C. A. Cornell, \u201cFirst-order uncertainty analysis of soil deformation and stability,\u201d in <i>First International Conference on Application of Probability and Statistics in Soil and Structural Engineering<\/i>,  pp. 129\u2013144, 1972."},{"key":"key-10.21595\/marc.2022.22292-cit19","unstructured":"A. Tallin, and M. Conley, \u201cAssessing inspection results using Bayes\u2019,\u201d in <i>3rd International Conference and Exhibition on Improving Reliability in Petroleum Refineries and Chemical Plants<\/i>, 1994."}],"container-title":["Maintenance, Reliability and Condition Monitoring"],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.extrica.com\/article\/22292\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.extrica.com\/article\/22292\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T20:07:35Z","timestamp":1715544455000},"score":16.381939,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.extrica.com\/article\/22292"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21595\/marc.2022.22292","ISSN":["2669-2961"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2669-2961","type":"electronic"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Research article","order":0,"name":"content_type","label":"Content 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cited.","URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/","order":7,"name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"rights","label":"Rights"}}]},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T00:15:08Z","timestamp":1756253708145,"version":"3.44.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,29]]},"group-title":"Article","reference-count":0,"publisher":"The Conversation","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"DOI":"10.64628\/aa.qrj3tcu4y","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T12:15:07Z","timestamp":1756210507000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The price of gas: Tomahawks and Wild Weasels over Syria"],"prefix":"10.64628","author":[{"given":"Mat","family":"Hardy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Deakin University"}]}],"member":"54080","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T12:15:28Z","timestamp":1756210528000},"score":16.255955,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/the-price-of-gas-tomahawks-and-wild-weasels-over-syria-17525"}},"editor":[{"given":"Rory","family":"Cahill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,29]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.64628\/aa.qrj3tcu4y","published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,29]]},"subtype":"other"},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T16:58:27Z","timestamp":1694624307656},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Strength Cond 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v."],"prefix":"10.1093","member":"286","container-title":["Oxford English Dictionary"],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,20]],"date-time":"2023-07-20T20:19:19Z","timestamp":1689884359000},"score":16.096249,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/oed.com\/dictionary\/cond_v"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oed\/7308917042","published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]]}},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T04:52:52Z","timestamp":1758862372872},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Air-Cond. Ref."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Heat exchangers with small-diameter multi-path tubes have been recently used to improve the efficiency of air conditioners. The difficulty in using tubes with small diameters and multi-paths is the nonuniformity of refrigerant distribution in refrigerant distributors, which results in lower heat-exchange efficiency. Grid methods, such as the volume of fluid method, are now widely used to simulate detailed motions of gas\u2013liquid interfaces. A weak point of grid methods is the numerical diffusion of interfaces that occurs if the scale of interfaces becomes close to the computational grid sizes. We previously developed a particle\/grid hybrid method for simulating multi-scale free surfaces. For this study, we modified the hybrid method and applied it to gas\u2013liquid flow simulations in a distributor. The liquid film behaviors in both the distributor and a bend pipe placed in the upstream of the distributor were simulated mainly using the particle method, and gas flows were simulated using the grid method. The predicted liquid film near the outer circumference of the curvature in the bend pipe was thicker than that of near inner circumference of the curvature, which qualitatively agreed with the measurement. The simulated distribution ratio under a steady-flow condition agreed well with the measurement; the predicted distribution ratio was 0.63 and the measured distribution ratio was 0.6. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s201013251350017x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,25]],"date-time":"2013-07-25T01:43:41Z","timestamp":1374716621000},"page":"1350017","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["GAS\u2013LIQUID FLOW SIMULATION IN REFRIGERANT DISTRIBUTOR FOR AIR CONDITIONER"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"EIJI","family":"ISHII","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hitachi, Ltd., Hitachi Research Laboratory, 832-2 Horiguchi, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-0034, Japan"}]},{"given":"KAZUKI","family":"YOSHIMURA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hitachi, Ltd., Hitachi Research Laboratory, 832-2 Horiguchi, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-0034, Japan"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"rf1","first-page":"37","volume":"17","author":"Fujita I.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trans. 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