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By renditional features we mean such things as the arrangement of text on the page and text size or style, whether in manuscript or printed documents. We refer to these features as\n                    <jats:italic>presentational markup<\/jats:italic>\n                    , using that phrase with its original meaning: the renditional features themselves, not the codes intended to generate these features when processed by computer software. Presentational markup plays a critical role in textual communication as these renditional features directly support the recognition of content in the final phase of communication. Yet it is descriptive markup that has dominated the attention of the SGML\/XML markup theorists. We take a few steps towards rebalancing this distribution of attention. We consider whether presentational markup should be considered a category of document markup alongside descriptive and procedural markup, summarize the origin of variant meanings of \u201cpresentational markup,\u201d and describe several approaches to understanding the role of presentational markup in the communication of information. Although we focus on textual communication, much of the discussion about renditional features applies to oral communication as well; renditional features exist in speech as well as in writing. These are the preliminary ruminations of a Balisage \u201cLate Breaking\u201d contribution \u2014 we are inviting discussion.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4242\/balisagevol26.renear01","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]],"date-time":"2021-07-30T22:09:15Z","timestamp":1627682955000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Presentational Markup: What's going on?"],"prefix":"10.4242","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Allen H.","family":"Renear","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bonnie","family":"Mak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2772","reference":[{"key":"BalisageVol26-Renear01-coombs1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/32206.32209"},{"key":"BalisageVol26-Renear01-derose1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02941632"},{"key":"BalisageVol26-Renear01-goldfarb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/800209.806456"},{"key":"BalisageVol26-Renear01-nagy1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/20546621"},{"key":"BalisageVol26-Renear01-renear03","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/585058.585081"}],"event":{"name":"Balisage: The Markup Conference 2021","theme":"There is nothing so practical as a good theory","location":"Washington, DC","start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,2]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]]}},"container-title":["Balisage Series on Markup Technologies","Proceedings of Balisage: The Markup Conference 2021"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T22:08:09Z","timestamp":1792102089000},"score":17.09479,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.balisage.net\/Proceedings\/vol26\/html\/Renear01\/BalisageVol26-Renear01.html"}},"issued":{"date-parts":[[null]]},"references-count":5,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4242\/balisagevol26.renear01","ISSN":["1947-2609"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1947-2609","type":"print"}]},{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,2]],"date-time":"2024-03-02T09:06:09Z","timestamp":1709370369759},"publisher-location":"New York, New York, USA","reference-count":0,"publisher":"ACM Press","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/585080.585081","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,4]],"date-time":"2004-02-04T23:19:04Z","timestamp":1075936744000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Towards a semantics for XML markup"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Allen","family":"Renear","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Dubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. 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This is evident in the history of programming languages, database systems, and document markup strategies. It might seem that we have now reached the end of this trajectory and are ready to enjoy a perfect impedance match between human understanding and our digital information systems, one that makes systems easier to build and change while providing data independence, interoperability, maintainability, verifiability, and transparency. However, on closer inspection, abstraction may be about to generate its familiar paradoxes \u2013 and what was once idle philosophical amusement in ancient Athens, Baghdad, and Nalanda may have practical consequences in automated digital environments. That challenge is also the backdrop for the current moment. 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